Pasture and grassland rehabilitation techniques discussed include:
1) Plowing up and new meadow installation with manure and seeding.
2) Renewing grasslands with over-seeding techniques without plowing, using seeding machines like slot row seeders.
3) Hoof cultivation for pasture reclamation, sowing seed and letting animals tread it in.
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Pasture and grassland rehabilitation & improvement in Mongolia 2013
1. Pasture and Grassland
rehabilitation improvement
in Mongolia
Johann HUMER
Niederösterreichische Landeslandwirtschaftskammer
Eurasia Pacific Uninet Workshop “Pasture – and Grazing Management II
Mongolia Stat University of Agriculture,
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2013oct1 - 2013oct4
4. The two main principles of
Grassland RENEWING
hoof
cultivation
over-seeding
plowing up
methods
only when total loss,
for pest control, reclamation,
sicherer Anlageerfolg
easyer methods
5. Seeding basic techniqiesSeeding basic techniqies
Broadcast sowing
Slot row
seeding
with slot coulter
Classic seed drilling
with disc coulter
6. If good fodder grasses < 50 %
NEW PLANTED MEADOWSNEW PLANTED MEADOWS
11
• Soil analysis
pH, PK–soil values fertilizing plan
• Basic fertilizing: phosphorus & pottasium
• Advantange: cheapest investment
• Manure before seeding (20-25 t/ha)
•Most used technique: plough
7. Plowing up machinery
plow + harrow
Most common new planted
meadow
rotary
harrows
rotor tillers
increasingly successful
cultivator
grubber some successful results
mill-
cutter
Seldom used, expensive,
erosive problems, root weed
problems may come up
8. New planted meadow
with cover crop oat ploughing up
Cover crop oat
at july 2, 1997
ploughing up
autumn 1996,
seeding
springtime
1997
9. Example of a new planted meadow
plowed up and at seeding time
Seeding with
over-seeding
currycomb
„Einböck“
May 7,1997,
Konradsheim
11. DISC HARROW + ROTOR HARROW
WITH SEEDING MACHINE
Grassland day, Bromberg, June 30, 2007
Seems to be a little over
dimensioned
12. ROTOR HARROW
Rototiller [RAU] Cultitiller [KUHN]
Suitability
[ by tined wedge ]
Also for stony soils
No plow neccesairy
superior to mill-cutter
concerning soil erosion
and root weeds
13. Tined Wedges
Working tools of a Rototiller
Grasland day
Bromberg
June 30,
2007
Also for
stony soils
by low
Working
depth
15. BasicBasic knowledgeknowledge on grassland installationon grassland installation
Roller & Cleaning cut
Rolling
Very important in dry areas
To improve the contact of soil humididty
and sowed seedlings
Important to avoid drying of the seedlings
Cleaning cut
Helps to control quick emerging weeds
about at plant height of 20-40 cm
about 2-4 weeks after seed sowing
23. Pasture reclamation
by hoof cultivation
Method for destroyed pastures
•Grass/legume seeds mixture
•sowed 2-5 days before the end of grazing
•Grazing in summer by cows, calves or lambs
•Animals trodde in the seed
•Application of lime, magnesia and NPK after grazing
•Cost about half as much as ploughing and sowing
•Following spring new green matter should be established
24. Pasture improvement and
reclamation by hoof cultivation
A natural grassland dominated by Sasa paniculata, at 700 m
alt. and of average slope 3.5°, was grazed in summer by cows,
calves or lambs. A grass/legume seeds mixture was sown 2-5
days before the end of grazing (to be trodden in), and lime, Mg
and NPK were applied after grazing ended. Losses in
liveweight were easily restored by grazing on improved
pasture. Reclamation was satisfactory in all treatments, and
cost approx. half as much as ploughing and sowing. In the
following spring, sown herbage was up to 97-5% of total green
matter:
Research on the pasture reclamation by hoof cultivation:
Authors. KIKUCHI, H.; KAGAMI, T.; HORI, K. Book Paper presented at the
9th int. Grassld Congr., São Paulo, Brazilian. 1965 pp. 11 pp.
25. Meadows care after renewing
for stabilizing the success
Avoid destroying the young sward
NO grazing of the first growing up
Weed control by the 1st cut at 15-25 cm high
Cut it for hay production
31. DI. J.HUMER
Qualitätsverbesserung von Futterwiesen
Folie - 31
Gumpensteiner reseeding trials on grassland renovation.
Mean of 2 seeding maschines, 2 soils and 3 seed mixtures
with 1 and 2 replications of reseeding 2005 - 2010
Q:Pötsch :2012,
Grünlander-
neuerung,
DAFNE Projekt
10276
https://www.dafne.at
Graphic: HUMER
Jahre
2005 bis 2010