Mukoviszidose Neugeborenen-Screening in DeutschlandJutta Bend
Es existiert eine aktuellere Version dieser Präsentation: http://de.slideshare.net/JuttaBend/neugeborenenscreening-auf-mukoviszidose-in-deutschland
Früherkennung der seltenen Erkrankung Mukoviszidose; höhere Lebenserwartung für Patienten; Diagnostik in zertifizierten Mukoviszidose Zentren durchführen; Adressen unter: www.muko.info/rd/zentren
Mukoviszidose Neugeborenen-Screening in DeutschlandJutta Bend
Es existiert eine aktuellere Version dieser Präsentation: http://de.slideshare.net/JuttaBend/neugeborenenscreening-auf-mukoviszidose-in-deutschland
Früherkennung der seltenen Erkrankung Mukoviszidose; höhere Lebenserwartung für Patienten; Diagnostik in zertifizierten Mukoviszidose Zentren durchführen; Adressen unter: www.muko.info/rd/zentren
Statistical tests can be used to analyze data in two main ways: descriptive statistics provide an overview of data attributes, while inferential statistics assess how well data support hypotheses and generalizability. There are different types of tests for comparing means and distributions between groups, determining if differences or relationships exist in parametric or non-parametric data. The appropriate test depends on the question being asked, number of groups, and properties of the data.
Parametric vs Nonparametric Tests: When to use whichGönenç Dalgıç
There are several statistical tests which can be categorized as parametric and nonparametric. This presentation will help the readers to identify which type of tests can be appropriate regarding particular data features.
Colon cancer typically begins as a noncancerous polyp in the lining of the colon or rectum and can become cancerous over time. Risk factors include age, family history, diet high in red meat and saturated fats, obesity, smoking, and alcohol use. Screening is important, as early detection improves outcomes - average risk adults should be screened beginning at age 50. Colon cancer is staged based on how far it has spread, with treatment options including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation depending on the stage. While early stage cancers can often be cured with surgery alone, advanced cancers are difficult to treat and the goals shift to slowing growth and managing symptoms.
The document provides an introduction to pathology, discussing cell adaptation, injury, and death. It defines pathology and outlines its main divisions. It then defines homeostasis, cellular adaptation, and the six types of adaptive responses cells may undergo. It further defines reversible and irreversible cell injury, the phases and mechanisms of injury, and the morphologic changes that can occur during injury and cell death, including apoptosis and the different types of necrosis.
The document discusses the role of liver biopsies in evaluating viral hepatitis beyond grading and staging of disease. It outlines how biopsies can confirm diagnosis, evaluate concomitant diseases like fatty liver and iron overload, and assess risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. Case studies are presented showing how detailed histological analysis of biopsies can provide insights beyond simple disease activity grading.
DIstinguish between Parametric vs nonparametric testsai prakash
This document summarizes parametric and nonparametric tests. Parametric tests make assumptions about the population based on known parameters, while nonparametric tests make no assumptions about the population. Some examples of parametric tests provided are t-test, F-test, z-test, and ANOVA, while examples of nonparametric tests include Mann-Whitney, rank sum test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. The key differences between parametric and nonparametric tests are that parametric tests are based on population parameters and distributions while nonparametric tests are not, and parametric tests can only be applied to variable data while nonparametric tests can be used for variable or attribute data.
Statistical tests can be used to analyze data in two main ways: descriptive statistics provide an overview of data attributes, while inferential statistics assess how well data support hypotheses and generalizability. There are different types of tests for comparing means and distributions between groups, determining if differences or relationships exist in parametric or non-parametric data. The appropriate test depends on the question being asked, number of groups, and properties of the data.
Parametric vs Nonparametric Tests: When to use whichGönenç Dalgıç
There are several statistical tests which can be categorized as parametric and nonparametric. This presentation will help the readers to identify which type of tests can be appropriate regarding particular data features.
Colon cancer typically begins as a noncancerous polyp in the lining of the colon or rectum and can become cancerous over time. Risk factors include age, family history, diet high in red meat and saturated fats, obesity, smoking, and alcohol use. Screening is important, as early detection improves outcomes - average risk adults should be screened beginning at age 50. Colon cancer is staged based on how far it has spread, with treatment options including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation depending on the stage. While early stage cancers can often be cured with surgery alone, advanced cancers are difficult to treat and the goals shift to slowing growth and managing symptoms.
The document provides an introduction to pathology, discussing cell adaptation, injury, and death. It defines pathology and outlines its main divisions. It then defines homeostasis, cellular adaptation, and the six types of adaptive responses cells may undergo. It further defines reversible and irreversible cell injury, the phases and mechanisms of injury, and the morphologic changes that can occur during injury and cell death, including apoptosis and the different types of necrosis.
The document discusses the role of liver biopsies in evaluating viral hepatitis beyond grading and staging of disease. It outlines how biopsies can confirm diagnosis, evaluate concomitant diseases like fatty liver and iron overload, and assess risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. Case studies are presented showing how detailed histological analysis of biopsies can provide insights beyond simple disease activity grading.
DIstinguish between Parametric vs nonparametric testsai prakash
This document summarizes parametric and nonparametric tests. Parametric tests make assumptions about the population based on known parameters, while nonparametric tests make no assumptions about the population. Some examples of parametric tests provided are t-test, F-test, z-test, and ANOVA, while examples of nonparametric tests include Mann-Whitney, rank sum test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. The key differences between parametric and nonparametric tests are that parametric tests are based on population parameters and distributions while nonparametric tests are not, and parametric tests can only be applied to variable data while nonparametric tests can be used for variable or attribute data.
Entzündliche Darmerkrankungen allgemein
LMU München Vorlesung.
Verschiedene Gene als Ursache der Colitis ulcerose
und des M.Crohn konnten isoliert werden.
Es wurden veränderte Gene festgestellt
einige, die normalerweise für promte Abwehr
von intrazellulären Erregern zuständig sind
und jetzt überempfindlich gegen das
körpereigene Gewebe reagieren.
Weitergabeskript
15.103 Fettleber und chronische FettleberveränderungenWolfgang Geiler
Fettleber und chronische Fettleberveränderungen
Fettleber und NASH. Metabolische Fettleber.
Definition Fettleber. Häufigkeit und klinische Zeichennostik der Fettleber
Sonographie der Fettleber und anderer Leberveränderungen
Bildgebende Diagnostik der Fettleber wie CT.
Molekulare Pathogenese der Fettleber.
Diagnosen bei Leberwerterhöhungen
Verschiedenartiger Anstieg der Leberfunktionsparameter.
Häufigkeit und Histologie der Fettleberhepatitis.
Despite the genetic etiology of the disease, as well as the wide knowledge of CFTR mutations, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis remains clinical and not genetic. In most cases, the diagnosis is straightforward when the presence of one or more typical clinical features (see next slide) is confirmed by a finding of more than 60 mmmol/L chloride in sweat.
Self explanatory slide Note: The Pilocarpine iontophoresis method is a rapid method for stimulating sweating and facilitating the determination of sweat chloride concentration . It involves using a chemical (pilocarpine) and a mild electric current to make a part of the skin sweat, wrapping the area with plastic and a pad to absorb the sweat, and then collecting the sweat about one-half an hour later.
Self explanatory slide Note: The Pilocarpine iontophoresis method is a rapid method for stimulating sweating and facilitating the determination of sweat chloride concentration . It involves using a chemical (pilocarpine) and a mild electric current to make a part of the skin sweat, wrapping the area with plastic and a pad to absorb the sweat, and then collecting the sweat about one-half an hour later.
Self explanatory slide
Self explanatory slide Note: as for neonatal screening, the long term advantage of prenatal diagnosis for the health of CF patients is not fully confirmed
Neonatal screening programmes aimed at diagnosing CF in the neonatal period are differently implemented in various geographic regions. Usually, the first screening tool remains the measure of immunoreactive trypsinogen in dried blood spots: blood is drawn two or three days after birth and analyzed for a specific protein (called trypsinogen) secreted by the pancreas. If an IRT level is elevated, an infant may have cystic fibrosis. However, a positive test must be followed by other testing, because there are a fair number of false positives and problems other than CF that can cause a positive IRT. Other testing may include: another IRT in a month, CFTR gene mutation testing, and/or sweat chloride testing. As for CFTR gene analysis, the first step is the search for the commonest CFTR mutation (DF 508) or a panel of common mutations. Infants with two mutations are referred to a CF enter and those with one mutation are referred for sweat testing. Despite early CF diagnosis by neonatal screening is correlated with improved nutritional status and decreased morbidity, it has not been definitely associated to long term benefits, such as slowing the progression of lung disease or prolonging survival
Neonatal screening programmes aimed at diagnosing CF in the neonatal period are differently implemented in various geographic regions. Usually, the first screening tool remains the measure of immunoreactive trypsinogen in dried blood spots: blood is drawn two or three days after birth and analyzed for a specific protein (called trypsinogen) secreted by the pancreas. If an IRT level is elevated, an infant may have cystic fibrosis. However, a positive test must be followed by other testing, because there are a fair number of false positives and problems other than CF that can cause a positive IRT. Other testing may include: another IRT in a month, CFTR gene mutation testing, and/or sweat chloride testing. As for CFTR gene analysis, the first step is the search for the commonest CFTR mutation (DF 508) or a panel of common mutations. Infants with two mutations are referred to a CF enter and those with one mutation are referred for sweat testing. Despite early CF diagnosis by neonatal screening is correlated with improved nutritional status and decreased morbidity, it has not been definitely associated to long term benefits, such as slowing the progression of lung disease or prolonging survival
Pilocapin bewirkt eine lokale cholinerge Stimmulation, Acetylcholin ist Transmitter, der die Schweißdrüse zur Sekretion veranlaßt