Otosclerosis is a disease affecting the bone of the middle ear that causes conductive or mixed hearing loss. It involves abnormal bone remodeling in the inner ear capsule, most commonly at the stapes footplate, causing stapes fixation and hearing loss. Symptoms include progressive hearing loss beginning in young adults. Diagnosis is made through audiometry showing air-bone gaps and absent acoustic reflexes. Treatment involves stapedectomy or stapedotomy surgery to remove the stapes and replace it with a prosthesis to reestablish sound conduction.
O projeto arquitetônico da Vila dos Idosos em Pari, São Paulo consiste em um conjunto habitacional de quatro pavimentos com 145 apartamentos para idosos. O edifício envolve a Biblioteca Municipal localizada no terreno e possui áreas comuns externas como quadra de bocha e horta comunitária. Os apartamentos foram projetados para proporcionar qualidade de vida e autonomia aos moradores idosos.
Granulomatous diseases of the nose include those caused by bacteria, fungi, and those of unknown etiology. Rhinoscleroma is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and presents as progressive granulomatous lesions in the nose. Syphilis can cause primary, secondary, or tertiary lesions in the nose. Tuberculosis causes lupus vulgaris which presents as apple jelly nodules on the nose. Leprosy involves the nose in its lepromatous form, causing nodular thickening. Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi and presents as a strawberry-like mass. Aspergillosis and mucormycos
Voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.pptxDr Safika Zaman
1) Voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy requires a multidisciplinary approach to help patients regain their voice and identity. Options include pseudo-whispering, esophageal speech through vocal tract vibration, and electronic or prosthetic devices like tracheoesophageal puncture valves.
2) Tracheoesophageal puncture allows airflow through a one-way valve from the trachea into the esophagus, enabling voicing through vibration of the pharyngoesophageal segment. It provides a voice that is similar to natural laryngeal speech.
3) Prosthetic devices require maintenance but offer hands-free voicing and a generally high success rate. Complications can include leakage, blockage, or device failure over
VEMPs (vestibular evoked myogenic potentials) are a test that evaluates the saccule, inferior vestibular nerve, and vestibulocollic pathway by recording muscle activity in the sternocleidomastoid muscle in response to clicks or tones. VEMPs help assess lower brainstem function unlike other vestibular tests. The test involves delivering acoustic stimuli while recording any potentials from neck muscle contraction. Abnormal VEMP results can indicate various peripheral and central vestibular disorders. VEMPs provide a sensitive, non-invasive way to evaluate otolith function and detect retrocochlear lesions.
The document discusses complications that can occur with stapes surgery for otosclerosis. Some common intraoperative complications include tears in the tympanic membrane flap, dislocation of the incus, and overhanging of the facial nerve. Postoperative complications include otitis media, vertigo, facial palsy, sensorineural hearing loss, conductive hearing loss, and reparative granulomas. Rare complications include cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Revision stapes surgery carries higher risks and lower success rates than initial surgery due to postoperative fibrosis and other challenges.
This document provides an overview of otosclerosis, including:
- It is a primary metabolic bone disease affecting the bones of the middle ear that can cause conductive or sensorineural hearing loss.
- The pathophysiology involves abnormal bone remodeling leading to fixation of the ossicles or invasion of the inner ear.
- Treatment options include observation, hearing aids, medical management with drugs like sodium fluoride, and surgical procedures like stapedotomy or stapedectomy to restore hearing.
- Imaging with CT can help grade the severity of the disease and plan for surgical management when indicated based on the air-bone gap and progression of hearing loss.
Otosclerosis is a disease affecting the bone of the middle ear that causes conductive or mixed hearing loss. It involves abnormal bone remodeling in the inner ear capsule, most commonly at the stapes footplate, causing stapes fixation and hearing loss. Symptoms include progressive hearing loss beginning in young adults. Diagnosis is made through audiometry showing air-bone gaps and absent acoustic reflexes. Treatment involves stapedectomy or stapedotomy surgery to remove the stapes and replace it with a prosthesis to reestablish sound conduction.
O projeto arquitetônico da Vila dos Idosos em Pari, São Paulo consiste em um conjunto habitacional de quatro pavimentos com 145 apartamentos para idosos. O edifício envolve a Biblioteca Municipal localizada no terreno e possui áreas comuns externas como quadra de bocha e horta comunitária. Os apartamentos foram projetados para proporcionar qualidade de vida e autonomia aos moradores idosos.
Granulomatous diseases of the nose include those caused by bacteria, fungi, and those of unknown etiology. Rhinoscleroma is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and presents as progressive granulomatous lesions in the nose. Syphilis can cause primary, secondary, or tertiary lesions in the nose. Tuberculosis causes lupus vulgaris which presents as apple jelly nodules on the nose. Leprosy involves the nose in its lepromatous form, causing nodular thickening. Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi and presents as a strawberry-like mass. Aspergillosis and mucormycos
Voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.pptxDr Safika Zaman
1) Voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy requires a multidisciplinary approach to help patients regain their voice and identity. Options include pseudo-whispering, esophageal speech through vocal tract vibration, and electronic or prosthetic devices like tracheoesophageal puncture valves.
2) Tracheoesophageal puncture allows airflow through a one-way valve from the trachea into the esophagus, enabling voicing through vibration of the pharyngoesophageal segment. It provides a voice that is similar to natural laryngeal speech.
3) Prosthetic devices require maintenance but offer hands-free voicing and a generally high success rate. Complications can include leakage, blockage, or device failure over
VEMPs (vestibular evoked myogenic potentials) are a test that evaluates the saccule, inferior vestibular nerve, and vestibulocollic pathway by recording muscle activity in the sternocleidomastoid muscle in response to clicks or tones. VEMPs help assess lower brainstem function unlike other vestibular tests. The test involves delivering acoustic stimuli while recording any potentials from neck muscle contraction. Abnormal VEMP results can indicate various peripheral and central vestibular disorders. VEMPs provide a sensitive, non-invasive way to evaluate otolith function and detect retrocochlear lesions.
The document discusses complications that can occur with stapes surgery for otosclerosis. Some common intraoperative complications include tears in the tympanic membrane flap, dislocation of the incus, and overhanging of the facial nerve. Postoperative complications include otitis media, vertigo, facial palsy, sensorineural hearing loss, conductive hearing loss, and reparative granulomas. Rare complications include cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Revision stapes surgery carries higher risks and lower success rates than initial surgery due to postoperative fibrosis and other challenges.
This document provides an overview of otosclerosis, including:
- It is a primary metabolic bone disease affecting the bones of the middle ear that can cause conductive or sensorineural hearing loss.
- The pathophysiology involves abnormal bone remodeling leading to fixation of the ossicles or invasion of the inner ear.
- Treatment options include observation, hearing aids, medical management with drugs like sodium fluoride, and surgical procedures like stapedotomy or stapedectomy to restore hearing.
- Imaging with CT can help grade the severity of the disease and plan for surgical management when indicated based on the air-bone gap and progression of hearing loss.
This document discusses different surgical techniques for treating vocal cord paralysis, including vocal cord injection, type I thyroplasty, and arytenoid adduction. Vocal cord injection involves injecting materials like fat, collagen or calcium hydroxyapatite gel to medialize the paralyzed vocal cord. Type I thyroplasty places an implant like Gore-Tex or cartilage in the thyroid cartilage to close the anterior glottic gap. Arytenoid adduction addresses the posterior gap by suturing the arytenoid cartilage. The document also covers evaluations, complications, and techniques for unilateral versus bilateral vocal cord paralysis.
The document provides an overview of Avaya IP Office and its capabilities for delivering intelligent communications solutions to small and midsize businesses. Key points include that Avaya IP Office is an award-winning platform with over 4 million users worldwide, offering a variety of endpoints, user interfaces, mobility features, applications like voicemail pro and call recording, as well as management and administration tools. It also supports voice networking between IP Office sites and SIP trunking.
This document summarizes information about Allergic Fungal Rhino sinusitis (AFRS). It describes AFRS as an allergic reaction to environmental fungi in non-immunocompromised patients. It provides details on incidence, history, mycology, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, radiological findings, treatment including endoscopic sinus surgery, post-operative care, recurrence rates, and concludes that endoscopic sinus surgery with powered instruments is a crucial therapy for AFRS but long-term control requires determining the appropriate use of steroids, immunotherapy, and antifungals.
This document provides details on a lighting study for a community library project in Chinatown Kuala Lumpur. It analyzes the daylighting and artificial lighting for three different spaces in the library. For each space, it calculates the daylight factor and expected illuminance from daylight. It determines whether the daylight meets the recommended illuminance levels for the space's intended use. For one space requiring artificial light, it specifies the light fixture type and performs calculations to determine the number and layout of light fixtures needed to achieve the standard illuminance level.
Endoscopic middle ear surgery is an emerging technique that provides several advantages over traditional microscopic surgery, including a wider field of view allowing visualization of hidden areas. While the endoscope provides excellent maneuverability, the learning curve is steep and it requires adaptation to a one-handed technique. Experienced surgeons are using endoscopy for diagnostic evaluation, tympanoplasty, retraction pocket surgery, and minimally invasive approaches. Continued technological advances may further expand the applications of endoscopic ear surgery.
A Pormade, maior indústria de portas do Brasil, desde 1980 vem investindo em educação e inovação e agora chegou a hora de compartilhar um pouco do seu DNA para o mercado.
This document discusses middle ear implants as an alternative to conventional hearing aids. It describes the structure of middle ear implants, which differ from hearing aids in that they convert electrical signals to mechanical vibrations via a transducer coupled directly to the ossicular chain. The document outlines current implant devices including the Vibrant Soundbridge, Otologics middle ear transducer, and Esteem hearing implant. It notes that initial trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these devices, with medium-term data suggesting maintained benefit and high patient satisfaction over time.
Acousticsandsoundinsulationsby K R ThankiKrunal Thanki
This document provides information about building acoustics and sound absorption materials. It discusses characteristics of sound including pitch, intensity, wavelength, speed of sound in different mediums, reflection, refraction, interference, reverberation, and more. It then describes different types of sound absorption materials like foam panels, fabric wrapped panels, ceiling tiles, baffles, and gives specifications for each. The goal is to educate on acoustics and available soundproofing options.
1. Tuberculosis of the larynx commonly affects the posterior larynx, causing submucosal tubercles that can ulcerate, forming undermined ulcers. Symptoms include throat pain, hoarseness, and dysphagia. Diagnosis involves chest X-ray, sputum examination, laryngoscopy, and biopsy. Treatment consists of anti-tubercular drugs, vocal rest, and nutrition supplements.
2. Scleroma of the larynx is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and commonly involves the subglottic region, presenting as a smooth red swelling. Diagnosis involves biopsy and culture. Treatment includes antibiotics, steroids, and surgery for stenosis
Indicazione alla chirurgia endoscopica nella patologia flogistica e neoplasti...Domenico Di Maria
XIII Congresso Nazionale AOICO - Cava de’Tirreni (SA)
Relazione tenuta dal dott. Michele Barbara e dal Dott. Alessandro Maselli sulle indicazioni alla terapia delle patologie endonasali.
Laser technology has many applications in ENT. Lasers can be used to cut, coagulate, and ablate tissue with precision. The CO2 laser is commonly used for procedures like laryngology, rhinology, and otology due to its ability to cut with minimal thermal damage. Other lasers like KTP and Nd:YAG are used for their coagulation properties. Proper laser selection and safety precautions are important to maximize benefits and minimize risks when using lasers.
This document discusses different surgical techniques for treating vocal cord paralysis, including vocal cord injection, type I thyroplasty, and arytenoid adduction. Vocal cord injection involves injecting materials like fat, collagen or calcium hydroxyapatite gel to medialize the paralyzed vocal cord. Type I thyroplasty places an implant like Gore-Tex or cartilage in the thyroid cartilage to close the anterior glottic gap. Arytenoid adduction addresses the posterior gap by suturing the arytenoid cartilage. The document also covers evaluations, complications, and techniques for unilateral versus bilateral vocal cord paralysis.
The document provides an overview of Avaya IP Office and its capabilities for delivering intelligent communications solutions to small and midsize businesses. Key points include that Avaya IP Office is an award-winning platform with over 4 million users worldwide, offering a variety of endpoints, user interfaces, mobility features, applications like voicemail pro and call recording, as well as management and administration tools. It also supports voice networking between IP Office sites and SIP trunking.
This document summarizes information about Allergic Fungal Rhino sinusitis (AFRS). It describes AFRS as an allergic reaction to environmental fungi in non-immunocompromised patients. It provides details on incidence, history, mycology, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, radiological findings, treatment including endoscopic sinus surgery, post-operative care, recurrence rates, and concludes that endoscopic sinus surgery with powered instruments is a crucial therapy for AFRS but long-term control requires determining the appropriate use of steroids, immunotherapy, and antifungals.
This document provides details on a lighting study for a community library project in Chinatown Kuala Lumpur. It analyzes the daylighting and artificial lighting for three different spaces in the library. For each space, it calculates the daylight factor and expected illuminance from daylight. It determines whether the daylight meets the recommended illuminance levels for the space's intended use. For one space requiring artificial light, it specifies the light fixture type and performs calculations to determine the number and layout of light fixtures needed to achieve the standard illuminance level.
Endoscopic middle ear surgery is an emerging technique that provides several advantages over traditional microscopic surgery, including a wider field of view allowing visualization of hidden areas. While the endoscope provides excellent maneuverability, the learning curve is steep and it requires adaptation to a one-handed technique. Experienced surgeons are using endoscopy for diagnostic evaluation, tympanoplasty, retraction pocket surgery, and minimally invasive approaches. Continued technological advances may further expand the applications of endoscopic ear surgery.
A Pormade, maior indústria de portas do Brasil, desde 1980 vem investindo em educação e inovação e agora chegou a hora de compartilhar um pouco do seu DNA para o mercado.
This document discusses middle ear implants as an alternative to conventional hearing aids. It describes the structure of middle ear implants, which differ from hearing aids in that they convert electrical signals to mechanical vibrations via a transducer coupled directly to the ossicular chain. The document outlines current implant devices including the Vibrant Soundbridge, Otologics middle ear transducer, and Esteem hearing implant. It notes that initial trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these devices, with medium-term data suggesting maintained benefit and high patient satisfaction over time.
Acousticsandsoundinsulationsby K R ThankiKrunal Thanki
This document provides information about building acoustics and sound absorption materials. It discusses characteristics of sound including pitch, intensity, wavelength, speed of sound in different mediums, reflection, refraction, interference, reverberation, and more. It then describes different types of sound absorption materials like foam panels, fabric wrapped panels, ceiling tiles, baffles, and gives specifications for each. The goal is to educate on acoustics and available soundproofing options.
1. Tuberculosis of the larynx commonly affects the posterior larynx, causing submucosal tubercles that can ulcerate, forming undermined ulcers. Symptoms include throat pain, hoarseness, and dysphagia. Diagnosis involves chest X-ray, sputum examination, laryngoscopy, and biopsy. Treatment consists of anti-tubercular drugs, vocal rest, and nutrition supplements.
2. Scleroma of the larynx is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and commonly involves the subglottic region, presenting as a smooth red swelling. Diagnosis involves biopsy and culture. Treatment includes antibiotics, steroids, and surgery for stenosis
Indicazione alla chirurgia endoscopica nella patologia flogistica e neoplasti...Domenico Di Maria
XIII Congresso Nazionale AOICO - Cava de’Tirreni (SA)
Relazione tenuta dal dott. Michele Barbara e dal Dott. Alessandro Maselli sulle indicazioni alla terapia delle patologie endonasali.
Laser technology has many applications in ENT. Lasers can be used to cut, coagulate, and ablate tissue with precision. The CO2 laser is commonly used for procedures like laryngology, rhinology, and otology due to its ability to cut with minimal thermal damage. Other lasers like KTP and Nd:YAG are used for their coagulation properties. Proper laser selection and safety precautions are important to maximize benefits and minimize risks when using lasers.
Procedural Method of Application of Engeneering Methodshhpberlin
This document discusses fire design practices in Germany. It provides an overview of hhpberlin, a fire safety engineering firm, and their services. It then discusses performance-based design methods and the national annex of Eurocodes 1-1-2, which provides simplified natural fire models, input data for natural fire models including a new safety concept, and guidelines for validating fire safety calculation programs. Examples of structural fire safety design projects in Germany are also listed.
Brandschutznachweise von Bauteilen - Heißbemessung
Beherbergungsstaetten hhpberlin
1. Besondere Anforderungen an den baulichen Brandschutz im Hotel Brandschutztechnische Betrachtung von Hotels nach Muster-Beherbergungsstätten-Verordnung Dipl.-Ing. Dirk Kohmann Niederlassungsleiter Frankfurt a.M. hhpberlin Ingenieure für Brandschutz GmbH
2. Inhalt 0. hhpberlin – Das Unternehmen Allgemeines Risikobetrachtung Beherbergungsstätten-Verordnung Bauliche Lösungen von Problemstellungen Besonderes Fallbeispiele
3.
4. vom ersten Konzept bis zur schlüsselfertigen Übergabe,
41. A.1 Bauordnungsrechtliche Einstufung Sonderbau nach § 2 (4) Nr. 8 /MBO/ bei mehr als 12 Betten Somit: Bauordnung und Sonderbau-Verordnung ist zu beachten Muster-Verordnung über den Bau und Betrieb von Beherbergungsstätten (Muster-Beherbergungs-stättenverordnung – MBeVO) vom Dezember 2000
43. A.3 Muster-Gaststättenbau-Verordnung Abgestufte Regelungen für: Gasträume ≤ 400 Personen Gasträume > 400 Personen Gastbetten ≤ 60 Personen Gastbetten > 60 Personen Vermischung von Versammlungsstätten-Verordnung und Gaststättenbau-Verordnung
45. B.1 Risikobetrachtung Anforderungen an den Brandschutz nach § 14 /MBO/ Entstehung eines Brandes vorbeugen Ausbreitung von Feuer und Rauch vorbeugen Rettung von Menschen und Tieren ermöglichen Wirksame Löschmaßnahmen ermöglichen Gebäude müssen derart angeordnet, errichtet, geändert und instand gehalten werden
46. B.2 Risiko – Brandentstehung durch unsachgemäß gelöschte Zündquellen (rauchen) technische Geräte Risiko: vergleichbar bis geringer als in Wohnungen
47. B.3 Risiko - Brandausbreitung leicht entflammbare Stoffe (Dekorationen) Kapselung der Zimmer in F 30 Risiko: vergleichbar bis geringer als in Wohnungen
48. B.4 Risiko - Personenrettung Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit bei Alarmierung Verständigung (Fremdsprachen) Reaktionsvermögen (Nachtstunden) Mobilität von Personen mangelnde Ortskenntnis Gefahr einer Panik im Alarmierungsfall keine höhere Personendichte als in Bürobereichen Risiko: höher als bei Wohnungsnutzung
50. C.1 Geltungsbereich Beherbergungsstätten (Hotels, Hostels, Herbergen) Mehr als 12 Betten für Gäste Abgestufte Regelungen für: Gastbetten ≤ 60 Gastbetten, bzw. ≤ 30 Betten je Geschoss Gastbetten > 60 Personen, bzw. > 30 Betten je Geschoss Restaurantbereiche werden nach Bauordnung, bzw. ab 200 Personen nach /MVStättV/ betrachtet
51. C.2 Begriffe Beherbergungsstätten sind: Gebäude oder Teile von Gebäuden, die ganz oder teilweise der Beherbergung von Gästen dienen. dies gilt nicht für Ferienwohnungen
52. C.2 Begriffe Beherbergungsräume: dienen dem Wohnen und Schlafen Suite: eine Folge unmittelbar zusammenhängender Beherbergungsräume
53. C.2 Begriffe Gasträume: Aufenthalt von Gästen, jedoch nicht zum Wohnen und Schlafen Speise- und Tagungsräume
54. C.3 Rettungswege mindestens 2 voneinander unabhängige Rettungswege innerhalb eines Geschosses über einen gemeinsamen notwendigen Flur zulässig 1. Rettungsweg: notwendige Treppe 2. Rettungsweg: notwendige Treppe oder Außentreppe Sonderfall ≤ 60 Gastbetten
55. C.3 Sonderfall ≤ 60 Gastbetten Voraussetzungen: ≤ 60 Gastbetten insgesamt ≤ 30 Gastbetten in einem Geschoss eine mit Rettungsgeräten der Feuerwehr erreichbare Stelle des Beherbergungsraumes muss erreichbar sein dann: genügen als 2. Rettungsweg die Geräte der Feuerwehr
57. C.3 Kennzeichnung der Rettungswege Abzweigungen notwendiger Flure Zugänge zu notwendigen Treppenräumen Ausgänge ins Freie Sicherheitszeichen müssenbeleuchtet sein
58. C.4 Bauliche Anforderungen feuerbeständig müssen sein tragende Wände Stützen Decken hiervon ausgenommen sind: oberste Geschosse von Dachräumen ohne Beherbergungsräume feuerhemmende Ausbildungen der o. g. Bauteile genügen bei: Gebäuden mit nicht mehr als 2 oberirdischen Gebäuden (GK 3) in obersten Geschossen von Dachräumen mit Beherbergungsräumen
60. C.5 Trennwände sind erforderlich zwischen Räumen einer Beherbergungsstätte und Räumen, die nicht dazu gehören sind erforderlich zwischen Beherbergungsräumen und Gasträumen, Küchen müssen feuerbeständig sein bei tragenden Bauteilen in feuerhemmender Qualität genügen feuerhemmende Trennwände
61. C.5 Trennwände müssen zwischen Beherbergungsräumen feuerhemmend sein müssen zwischen Beherbergungsräumen und sonstigen Räumen feuerhemmend sein
62. C.5 Öffnungen in Trennwänden Öffnungen sind unzulässig zwischen Beherbergungsräumen und Gasträumen/Küchen Beherbergungsräumen Beherbergungsräumen und sonstigen Räumen Öffnungen müssen feuerhemmende und rauchdichte Abschlüsse haben zwischen den Räumen einer Beherbergungsstätte und Räumen, die nicht zur Beherbergungsstätte gehören (T 30-RS)
63. C.6 Notwendige Flure folgende Elemente müssen aus nichtbrennbaren Baustoffen (A) bestehen: Bekleidungen Unterdecken Dämmstoffe Bodenbeläge müssen mindestens schwerentflammbar sein (B1)
65. C.6 Notwendige Flure Stichflure dürfen nicht länger als 15 m sein maßgeblich: Tür Beherbergungsraum zu notwendiger Treppenraum oder Ausgang ins Freie Stufen in notwendigen Fluren: beleuchtet
66. C.7 Türen Feuerhemmende und rauchdichte Abschlüsse (T 30-RS) von notwendigen Treppenräumen zu anderen Räumen als notwendigen Fluren von notwendigen Fluren in Kellergeschossen zu Räumen, die von Gästen nicht benutzt werden Rauchdichte Abschlüsse (RS) von notwendigen Treppenräumen zu notwendigen Fluren von notwendigen Fluren zu Beherbergungsräumen von notwendigen Fluren zu Gasträumen (wenn im selben Rauchabschnitt Öffnungen zu Beherbergungsräumen liegen)
67. C.8 Sicherheitsbeleuchtung erforderlich in: notwendigen Fluren notwendigen Treppenräumen zwischen notwendigen Treppenräumen und Ausgängen ins Freie für Sicherheitszeichen, die auf Ausgänge hinweisen, für Stufen in notwendigen Fluren
70. C.9 Alarmierungseinrichtungen Brandmeldeanlage für Beherbergungsstätten mit mehr als 60 Gastbetten mit Automatischen Rauchmeldern in den notwendigen Fluren Nichtautomatischen Meldern Vermeidung von Falschalarmen (TM - Technische Maßnahmen)
72. C.11 Organisatorische Maßnahmen Freihaltung von Rettungswegen Türen müssen von innen leicht zu öffnen sein Rettungswegpläne in jedem Beherbergungsraum inklusive Verhaltenshinweise in den üblichen Fremdsprachen
79. Zu Beginn des Arbeitsverhältnisses und danach mind. einmal jährlich
80.
81. C.13 Anpassungsverlangen Vorschriften der Verordnung ohne hohem investiven Aufwand, die dem sicheren Betrieb und der Rettung von Personen im Brandfall dienen, sollen Anwendung finden, um die Sicherheit zu erhöhen: Freihalten der Rettungswege Brandschutzordnung Feuerwehrpläne …. Vorgaben des § 11 /MBeVO/
82. C.14 Ordnungswidrigkeiten Nicht-Freihalten von Rettungswegen Versperren von Türen im Zuge von Rettungswegen Als Verantwortlicher nicht gegen das Versperren vorgeht Nicht-Anbringung von Rettungswegplänen und Hinweisen zum Verhalten im Brandfall
83. D.1 Leitungsführung Horizontal: Lüftungsleitungen im Flurbereich Vertikal Sanitärleitungen Lüftungsleitungen Elektroleitungen in Schächten oder mit Schottung in Deckenebene
84. D.2 Lüftung im unbelüfteten Flur In notwendigen Fluren […] genügen […] Lüftungsleitungen aus Stahlblech, ohne Öffnungen, […]. Erleichterung nach /MLüAR/ kann nicht angewendet werden, da Hotelzimmer als brandschutztechnisch getrennte Bereiche zu bewerten sind.
87. E.1 Hochhaus Hotels in Hochhäusern Anforderungen werden im Einzelnen festgelegt MBeVO gilt nicht allein Beispiele flächendeckende Rauchmelderüberwachungvs. Überwachung der Flurbereiche Ausbildung von Elektro-Schächten (horizontale Schottung im Hochhaus in S 30 erforderlich)
88. E.2 Schacht-Variante Führung von Leitungen in Schächten Schacht in der Qualität der durchdrungenen Bauteile (bspw. F 90) 7.2.3 /MHHR/: „Installationsschächte für Elektroleitungen müssen in Höhe der Geschossdecken feuerhemmend abgeschottet werden.“
90. F.1 Fallbeispiel Geltungsbereich: mehr als 12 Gastbetten Rettungswege: Zwei voneinander unabhängige notwendige Treppenräume Über denselben notwendigen Flur geführt Beherbergungsräume und Suiten
91. F.2 Fallbeispiel Tragende Elemente: feuerbeständig Wände zwischen Beherbergungsräumen und zum Flur: feuerhemmend Stichflurlänge: < 15 m
92. F.3 Fallbeispiel RS-Türen zu Beherbergungsräumen T 30-RS-Türen zu Räumen anderer Nutzung RS-Tür zur Unterteilung in Rauchabschnitte