1. AQUACULTURE
Presented by
Sumedha Dahal
7th Semester
Bsc Biotechnology

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude
towards Dr. Mukunda Ranjit, Coordinator
of Department of Biotechnology, SANN
INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE for
assigning the presentation.

3. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Importance
 Role of Biotechnology in Aquaculture
 Transgenic Fish
 Fish Breeding and Importance
 Opportunities in aquaculture
 Limitations for the production
 Disadvantages
 Bioethics
 Conclusion

4. Introduction
• Farming of fish and other aquatic animals
and plants in either a saltwater or
freshwater environment.
• The breeding, rearing, and harvesting of
plants and animals in all types of water
environments, including ponds, rivers,
lakes, and the ocean.

6. Importance
• Seafood being the most common food all around
the world.
• Aquaculture help us learn more about fish and
seafood, and in the future help us to rebuild
some of our wild fish stocks.
• Product of the same size, colour and taste can
be supplied to meet the needs of buyers
• Helps to develop genetically engineered
species like transgenic fish.

7. The Important Role of
Biotechnology in Aquaculture
• There is a growing demand for
aquaculture; biotechnology can help meet
this demand through transgenic fish.
• As with all biotech-enhanced foods,
aquaculture will be strictly regulated
before approved for market.
• Biotech aquaculture offers environmental
benefits

8. Transgenic fish
• Transgenic may be defined as the introduction of
exogenous gene / DNA into host genome
resulting in its stable maintenance, transmission
and expression.
• The first transgenic fish was produced by Zhu
(1985) in China, although they gave no
molecular evidence for the integration of the
transgene.
• Growth enhancement is seen using this
technique especially in salmonids (Devlin et al.,
1994). Some studies have revealed
enhancement of growth in adult salmon.

9. Fish Breeding
• Chromosome sex manipulation
techniques to induce polyploidy (triploidy
and tetraploidy) and uniparental
chromosome inheritance (gynogenesis
and androgenesis) have been applied.
• They provide a rapid approach for
gonadal sterilization, sex control
improvement of hybrid viability and
clonation.

11. Importance
• Introducing GMOs as an experimental method to
test for the presence of toxic substances
• Introducing GMOs to neutralize contaminants in
polluted water
• Introducing transgenic fish and shellfish into
open space aquaculture farming for human
consumption
• Creating aesthetically pleasing pets, such as
GloFish

12. OPPORTUNITIES IN
AQUACULTURE
• Pharmaceuticals
• Enzymes
• Biomolecular Materials
• Biomonitors
• Biopesticides
• Biomass for Energy Production
• Bioremediation
• Bioprocessing
• Improving Health and Well-Being
• Conserving Genetic Resources
• Biodiversity

14. Limitations for the production of
Transgenic fish
• Transgenic fish of various species of
salmon, tilapia, channel catfish and others
are being investigated worldwide.
• Transgenic fish has not been approved for
producing food.

15. Disadvantages
• More resistant to toxins.
• Natural breeds are under threat.
• Genetically modified fish have a greater ability to
compete and are better at converting food
hence, wild varieties escape.
• Unexpected results are acquired during
transgenic animals experiments, animals are
often deformed and diseased.
• Clones species lack diversity.

17. Bioethics
• Man has no right to manipulate the animal
genome.
• People fear that the technology used on
animals will be used on humans one day.
• In many religions, animals are essential to
aid the soul to its next stage in life.

19. Conclusion
Although various negative effects have been described
for transgenic animals, their strong medical benefits
could save tens of thousands of human lives.
Many of the predominating religious ideals teach us that
as long as man uses the technology for the benefit of
human health, and it does not cause significant suffering
for the animals, it should proceed.
But animals should be humanly put down in those
experiments that demand some pain formation too.
disadvantage
advantages

20. “The main concern of researchers and
scientists is to maintain the integrity of
animals, and ensure transgenic animals
will not become an industry that is
exploited only for money, its main intention
has to remain saving human lives.”

21. References
Transgenic Animals, Animal Welfare and Bioethics: CCAC
www.serconline.org: Transgenic Fish
Risks Involved With Transgenic Fish: TIMES daily
Biotechnology for the 21st century: New Horizons
Gene–environment interactions influence ecological
consequences of transgenic animals: L. F. Sundström,
M. Lõhmus, W. E. Tymchuk, and Robert H. Devlin
Global fish production and climate change: K. M.
Brander*