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Almond Genetic Resources in Greece-  Effects of Genotype and Environment on Mineral nutrient and Protein contents in Almond in the SAFENUT project DROGOUDI P. 1 , PANTELIDIS G. 1 , METZIDAKIS I. 2 , BACCHETTA, L. 3 , DUVAL H. 4 , SPERA D. 5 1   Pomology Institute,  National Agricultural Research Foundation ( NAGREF),  Naoussa, Greece  2   Institute for Olive Tree and Subtropical Plants, N.AG.RE.F.,  Chania , Greece.   3   Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie (ENEA), l’Energia e l’Ambiente , Casaccia, Rome, Italy. 4  Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA ) ,  GAFL Avignon, Montfavet, France. 5  Consorzio di Ricerche Applicate alla Biotecnologia (CRAB), Italy.
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Source: Hellenic Statistical Authority ,[object Object]
The epicentres of Greek almond production are the prefectures of Larissa ( 3605 ha ),  Magnesia (2963 ha),  Serres (2003 ha) and  Kavala (1518 ha).
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Economical data
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[object Object],Morphological characterisation was made on  24 almond genotypes, which were kept at the Pomology Institute core collection (7 accessions) or sampled from farms in the prefectures of Kozani (4 accessions), Katherini (1 accession), the islands Limnos (6 accessions), Chios (1 accession) and Grete (10 accessions)
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Effects of genotype and environment on mineral nutrient and protein contents Potasium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and protein contents were analysed in different almond accessions from France, Greece and Italy, during 2008-2009  Number of almond accessions on which analyses of Mineral nutrient and Protein contents were made during 2008-2009 30 accessions were analysed during both years, and 42  accessions  were analysed only one year from
The potassium content varied 2.7 times, ranging from 465 to 1235 mg 100-1 g DW,  Greatest values found in cultivars  Ferrante >  Babatsiko >  Laurance, Ferragnes.
The calcium content varied 4.1 times, ranging from 160.1 to 662.8 mg 100-1 g DW.  Highest values (810 – 828 mg 100 g -1 ) were found in: Laurence  >  Ferragnes,  Kandanos 3, Athalia
Highest values were found in: Laurance >  Babatsiko The magnesium content varied 2.1 times, ranging from 159.2 to 333.2 mg 100-1 g DW.
Highest values were found in: Laurance,  Babatsiko, Bellou  and Ferrante The phosphorus content varied 2.4 times, ranging from 309.9 to 748.1 mg 100-1 g DW.
Highest values (211 mg 100 g -1 ) were found in: Ferrante and  Temen 1 . The protein content varied 3.0 times, ranging from 11.6 to 34.3 mg 100-1 g DW.
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Samples were clearly separated based on the content of mineral nutrient and protein content in three groups.  Samples from France had high phosphorus, magnesium and calcium content and from Greece had high calcium content.
Although there was not a clear separation between harvesting years, a trend of higher calcium contents was found in year 2009, compared to 2008
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Traditional uses Almonds are consumed fresh, but mostly are used for delicious confectionary such as melomakarona, kourampiedes ,  baklava, halva, almond pie, chocolates etc. Special confectionary can also be found in Greek islands such as amygdalota in Sifnos (see photo), and bianketa (almond and tangerine bites) in Corfu.  Moreover, for Greeks, almonds are a potent fertility symbol and no wedding would be complete without sugar-candied almonds or ‘koufeta’, which are often placed on a ceremonial tray along with the bride and groom’s wedding wreaths.
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Avezzano almond greece

  • 1. Almond Genetic Resources in Greece- Effects of Genotype and Environment on Mineral nutrient and Protein contents in Almond in the SAFENUT project DROGOUDI P. 1 , PANTELIDIS G. 1 , METZIDAKIS I. 2 , BACCHETTA, L. 3 , DUVAL H. 4 , SPERA D. 5 1 Pomology Institute, National Agricultural Research Foundation ( NAGREF), Naoussa, Greece 2 Institute for Olive Tree and Subtropical Plants, N.AG.RE.F., Chania , Greece. 3 Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie (ENEA), l’Energia e l’Ambiente , Casaccia, Rome, Italy. 4 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA ) , GAFL Avignon, Montfavet, France. 5 Consorzio di Ricerche Applicate alla Biotecnologia (CRAB), Italy.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. The epicentres of Greek almond production are the prefectures of Larissa ( 3605 ha ), Magnesia (2963 ha), Serres (2003 ha) and Kavala (1518 ha).
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Effects of genotype and environment on mineral nutrient and protein contents Potasium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and protein contents were analysed in different almond accessions from France, Greece and Italy, during 2008-2009 Number of almond accessions on which analyses of Mineral nutrient and Protein contents were made during 2008-2009 30 accessions were analysed during both years, and 42 accessions were analysed only one year from
  • 11. The potassium content varied 2.7 times, ranging from 465 to 1235 mg 100-1 g DW, Greatest values found in cultivars Ferrante > Babatsiko > Laurance, Ferragnes.
  • 12. The calcium content varied 4.1 times, ranging from 160.1 to 662.8 mg 100-1 g DW. Highest values (810 – 828 mg 100 g -1 ) were found in: Laurence > Ferragnes, Kandanos 3, Athalia
  • 13. Highest values were found in: Laurance > Babatsiko The magnesium content varied 2.1 times, ranging from 159.2 to 333.2 mg 100-1 g DW.
  • 14. Highest values were found in: Laurance, Babatsiko, Bellou and Ferrante The phosphorus content varied 2.4 times, ranging from 309.9 to 748.1 mg 100-1 g DW.
  • 15. Highest values (211 mg 100 g -1 ) were found in: Ferrante and Temen 1 . The protein content varied 3.0 times, ranging from 11.6 to 34.3 mg 100-1 g DW.
  • 16.
  • 17. Samples were clearly separated based on the content of mineral nutrient and protein content in three groups. Samples from France had high phosphorus, magnesium and calcium content and from Greece had high calcium content.
  • 18. Although there was not a clear separation between harvesting years, a trend of higher calcium contents was found in year 2009, compared to 2008
  • 19.
  • 20.  
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.