Keynote for the GMW16 conference: a pleading for open sciences, against patents at university

1. open science

2. alchemie

4. alchemie

9. Negative results are disappearing from most disciplines
and countries
Daniele Fanelli
Received: 1 July 2011 / Published online: 11 September 2011
Ó Akade´miai Kiado´, Budapest, Hungary 2011
Abstract Concerns that the growing competition for funding and citations might distort
science are frequently discussed, but have not been verified directly. Of the hypothesized
problems, perhaps the most worrying is a worsening of positive-ou
that disfavours negative re
Scientometrics (2012) 90:891–904DOI 10.1007/s11192-011-0494-7

10. Negative results are disappearing from most disciplines
and countries
Daniele Fanelli
Received: 1 July 2011 / Published online: 11 September 2011
Ó Akade´miai Kiado´, Budapest, Hungary 2011
Abstract Concerns that the growing competition for funding and citations might distort
science are frequently discussed, but have not been verified directly. Of the hypothesized
problems, perhaps the most worrying is a worsening of positive-ou
that disfavours negative re
Scientometrics (2012) 90:891–904DOI 10.1007/s11192-011-0494-7 Incentives for Tr
Scientific Utopia: II. Restructuring incentives and practices to promote truth over publishability
Brian A. Nosek
Jeffrey R. Spies
Matt Motyl
University of Virginia
Quelle: »Everything is fucked: The syllabus«
https://hardsci.wordpress.com/2016/08/11/everything-is-fucked-the-syllabus/

12. 1.Self citation and More Self Citation
2.Double publication
3.Rapid self citation
4.Goto SPIE Conference
5.Quote more references and cover up
your act, the important is the
number of self citation

14. »A method of swinging on a swing is disclosed, in
which a user positioned on a standard swing
suspended by two chains from a substantially
horizontal tree branch induces side to side motion by
pulling alternately on one chain and then the other.«

17. idee: zeitlich befristeter schutz, damit autor/erfinder
(eine zeit lang) alleine davon profitieren kann.
intellectual property

18. individuum
hat tolle idee
will damit reich werden
will vor konkurrenz geschützt sein
gesellschaft
ist »framework« ür kreativität
will idee verwenden
will davon profitieren

19. kritik »[Patents] projected an artificial idol of the single
inventor, radically denigrated the role of the intellectual
commons, and blocked a path to this commons for
other citizens — citizens who were all, on this
account, potential inventors too. [...]
Patentees were the equivalent of squatters on public
land — or better, of uncouth market traders who
planted their barrows in the middle of the highway
and barred the way of the people.«
(TL;DR: lange kette von quellen, die bei wikipedia endet.)

20. kritik –› niederlande schafft patentsystem 1869 ab
–› schweiz verzögert ein ührung von patentrecht bis
1907
–› alle anderen: reformen.

22. heute üblich: 20 jahre
beispiel lego:
› jan 1958 zum patent angemeldet
› 1988 ausgelaufen
zb. patentrecht
ergebnis ›

23. patentierbarkeit von software
uspto

24. patentierbarkeit von software
europäisches patentamt

25. patentierbarkeit von
software
Vorsitzender der BSA
als Autor der Direktive!

26. 0
100000
200000
300000
400000
1790
1800
1810
1820
1830
1840
1850
1860
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Angemeldet
Bewilligt
Software-
Patente

27. beispiel »A system and process for ensuring the smooth flow
of electronic ink is described«
U.S. Patent 7,212,296

29. beispiel
priority queues
»A system and process for ensuring the smooth flow
of electronic ink is described«
»The invention is operational with numerous other
general purpose or special purpose computing system
environments or configurations. Examples of well
known computing systems, environments, and/or
configurations that may be suitable for use with the
invention include, but are not limited to, personal
computers, server computers, hand-held or laptop
devices including smart phones, smart watches, and
personal data assistants, multiprocessor systems,
microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, …«every imaginable computing system

30. problem
software-patente oft unspezifische trivialpatente
zb »Mobile entertainment and communication device«,
erteilt am 22.1.2008
patentierbarkeit von
software
»...Further, the device
includes sensors for
sensing unusual conditions
that may also be
transmitted to a remote
telephone...«

31. beispiel »Bread refreshing method« (U.S. Patent 6080436 A)
This invention is concerned with the process and
apparatus for refreshing bread products, particularly
open face items such as sliced rolls, buns, muffins,
and the like. An oven is provided that is capable of
producing high intensity infrared radiation from a
relatively high temperature source, in the range of
2500-4500 F., using fast cycle methods. A bread
product is placed in an oven at ambient and then
exposed to the above mentioned infrared radiation for a
period of 3 to 90 seconds as appropriate.

32. patentierbarkeit von
software
»First, we conclude that, as measured by the stock
market’s reaction to legal decisions expanding the
patentability of software, there is no evidence that the
expansion of software patentability benefited firms in
the software industry.«
»There is limited evidence of relatively negative effects on
some types of software producers...«
Bronwyn H. Hall, Megan MacGarvie, 2006:
The Private Value of Software Patents.
National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

33. patentierbarkeit von
software
»...we should also emphasize that the majority of the
software patents acquired during the past twenty years
have been acquired by non-software firms in the ICT
sector...«
Bronwyn H. Hall, Megan MacGarvie, 2006:
The Private Value of Software Patents.
National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
wie bitte?

34. patentierbarkeit von
software
»patent troll«
Patent troll is a pejorative term used for a person or
company that enforces its patents against one or more
alleged infringers in a manner considered unduly
aggressive or opportunistic, often with no intention to
manufacture or market the patented invention.

35. »The door to Oasis's office was locked, and through the
crack under the door we could see there were no lights
were on inside.
It turns out a lot of those companies in that corridor,
maybe every single one of them, is doing exactly what
Oasis Research is doing. They appear to have no
employees. They are not coming up with new inventions.
The companies are in Marshall, Texas because they are
filing lawsuits for patent infringement.«
When Patents Attack
http://www.npr.org/sections/money/2011/07/26/138576167/when-
patents-attack

36. »Academic Patenting: How
universities and public research
organizations are using their
intellectual property to boost
research and spur innovative
start-ups«
http://www.wipo.int/sme/en/documents/academic_patenting.html

37. »Patenting University Research
Has Been A Dismal Failure,
Enabling Patent Trolling. It's Time
To Stop«
http://http://innovationamerica.us

38. »Using tech transfer office expenses information,
Valdivia estimates that 130 universities did not generate
enough licensing income in 2012 to cover the wages of
their technology transfer staff and the legal costs for the
patents they file.«
Walter D. Valdivia: University Start-Ups: Critical for
Improving Technology Transfer. Center for Technology
Innovation, Brooking Research Institute.

39. »Intellectual Ventures is the world's largest patent troll
[…] The crew at IV saw all the problems with tech
transfer offices and saw an opportunity: IV went around
from university to university and offered to buy patents
in bulk.
Mike Masnik: Patenting University Research Has Been A
Dismal Failure, Enabling Patent Trolling. It's Time To Stop

43. wir brauchen…
… neue modelle des austauschs
… publikations-stopp in pay-per-view medien
… systematische berücksichtigung von »non-impact«
leistungen
… patentverzicht in öffentlichen forschungseinrichtungen
… forschungsfinanzierung nur mit offenheitsklausel
polymath project galaxy zoo
http://theconversation.com/should-writing-for-the-public-count-toward-tenure-63983
http://www.openscience.org/blog/?p=728
http://thecostofknowledge.com

44. @peterpur