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Scalable, accurate and rapid endpoint PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2:
the PCR test at antigen test costs
SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing
www.alacris.de
office@alacris.de
Endpoint detection
Throat Swab or
Gargle Lavage
(non-invasive)
Preparation of samples &
controls (+ve /-ve)
PCR
POSITIVE
or
NEGATIVE
Transport to
Alacris Lab
Sample collection Reporting of results
Result Notification
Alacris Coronavirus testing- rapid and sensitive endpoint PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2
Certification & working standards:
IVD-CE certified test, ISO9001:2015, ISO15189 & ISO13485 applied, S2 safety standard,
permission to work with SarsCoV2 by LAGetSi Berlin,
external validation (Ringversuche: INSTAND e.V., EMQN),
DSGVO Datenschutz § 5 Abs1
Testing the German population – Logistics
3. Sample drop-off -
Pharmacies
Tubes are taken to pharmacies
as drop-off point (17,000 in
Germany). Also offer support for
sample collection.
4. Sample
collection
Sample tubes are sorted into 96-
well format (93 test, 3 controls per
carrier) at the pharmacy &
collected at regular intervals by
wholesalers who deliver to one of
10 processing centers in
Germany.
5. Sample
Processing
Samples are processed using
the endpoint RT-PCR method
2. Repeated
self-sampling
Sample is taken by each
person once a week using the
supplied kit. Each sample tube
has a unique barcode (double
barcoded)
1. Distribution of
sample kits
Multiple kits (5) sent to all
households in Germany
6. Results
The results are automatically
evaluated and transferred to
the tested person and the
health department via a
smartphone app
Sensitivity & Specificity:
detection ~ down to two virus particles
•Throat swab: 99 % specificity/100% sensitivity
•Gargle lavage: 99 % specificity/100% sensitivity
Turnaround: ~2 - 6 hours
from sample receipt to result
Cost: 5-20 euros per test
(depending on throughput and test type)
Specifications
Throughput:
Up to 1 million per day
Certification: Self-certified
according to 98/79/EG (IVD-CE)
Can be further automated:
mobile container solution
Scale-up activities
Total costs for tests and
processing centers for 5
population-wide test
cycles to eliminate
SARS-CoV-2 in
Germany:
~ € 2 billion
Investment required for 10
processing centres
= €5 -10 million
Start of test program: 2-4
weeks after investment.
Ramp up = 2-3 months
-
Alacris Coronavirus PCR gargle test – Sample Collection Kit
www.alacris.de
2.
intermediate
liquid collection
cylinder
1.
sterile
gargling liquid
3.
pipette
5.
double-barcoded
rack holding 92
samples
4.
double-barcoded
sample tube
Procedure for gargle sample collection
www.alacris.de
2.
intermediate
liquid collection
cylinder
1.
sterile
gargling liquid
4.
double-
barcoded
sample tube
I.
Gargle for ca.10 sec
using the sterile liquid (1).
II.
Spit the gargling liquid in
the intermediate cylinder (2).
III.
Using the pipette (3),
transfer some of the
gargling liquid from cylinder
(2) to sample tube (4).
III.
Safely dispose kit parts 1, 2
& 3. Bring sample tube (4) to
collection point.
3.
pipette
Comparison of COVID-19 tests
Data from: Vandenberg et al, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. (2020) doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-00461-z; US FDA Coronavirus Disease Testing Basics ; https://international.neb.com/-/media/nebus/files/feature-articles/many-initiatives-turning-to-rt-lamp-as-alternative-to-pcr-for-rapid-covid-19-screening-
assays.pdf?rev=6178d83ba1684d50981e4d32d357ae2c&hash=176E6081F0B22A555C894F2219F89B4B; https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/556/eabc7075; *Watson et al BMJ 2020; 369: m1808; *Mayers & Baker, 2020. https://assets www.alacris.de
Alacris PCR test
(endpoint PCR)
RT-qPCR
(standard tests)
LAMP-BASED TESTS ANTIGEN TESTS ANTIBODY TESTS
SAMPLE TYPE Nasal or nasoph Nasal or nasopharyngeal swab Nasal or nasopharyngeal swab Nasal or nasopharyngeal
swab or saliva
Finger prick blood
TURNAROUND 3 - 6 hours 6 - 72 hours 30 mins - 3 hours 15 - 30 mins 3 - 72 hours
PROS
• Non-invasive gargle test (self-test)
• High sensitivity & specificity (>99% for
swabs)
• Industrially scalable
• Diagnosis of active virus infections
• Reduced false negatives
• Populations Factories Homes
• 90% less hardware
• 90% less consumables – One pipette tip
• As low as €5 Euro a test
• Diagnosis of active infections
• Analytical sensitivity and specificity of
>95%*
• Low copy number detection (2 copies/
5 µl) is reducing false negatives
• Quantitative detection
• Diagnosis of active infections
• High specificity (comparable to PCR)
• Can be performed with minimal
equipment
• No RNA extraction required
• Easily scalable for high-throughput
• Compatible with POC & mobile labs
• Diagnosis of active
infections
• Positive tests are highly
accurate
• Rapid turnaround
• Easy to use
• Requires very little/no
training or scientists to
analyse results
• Shows previous infection
• Complementary role for
PCR testing
• Easy to use
• Requires very little/no
training or scientists to
analyse results
CONS
• Longer sample processing times
• Real-time read-out requires longer
analysis time
• Higher costs due to sampling and
processing requirements
• Scaling efforts have had mixed
success
• Highest costs
• High rate of false negatives in
comparison to PCR (low sensitivity)
• Newer technology than PCR without a
large body of knowledge supporting its
use in clinical settings
• Complements rather than replaces
PCR-testing
• Lack sensitivity
• Limited number of tests
available
• Increased risk of false
negatives (could miss 15-
20% of infections)
• More likely to miss an
active infection
• Only useful >10 days after
onset of infection
• Can’t distinguish between
an active and a previous
infection
• Unable to demonstrate
absence of COVID-19
disease
Alacris ePCR test
(endpoint PCR)
Alacris Coronavirus PCR tests – References
www.alacris.de
1. "Comparison of gargle samples and throat swab samples for the detection of respiratory pathogens“ - Veröffentlichung: Okt. 2017
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166093417300836?casa_token=8ZRVCDHhP4wAAAAA:0FyITSjC865Va4Q7wRT17Qbzq7Li-U_M8MNS43osi4nxPvGPLf9xT0dqsu-PDZVQRSt2IO28xW0): Bei dem
Artikel geht es nicht speziell um den Nachweis von Coronaviren, sondern grundsätzlich um den Nachweis von Pathogenen von Atemwegserkrankungen. Die Autoren schreiben, dass die Gurgelproben vermehrt
eingesetzt werden sollten, da sie ein gleiche bis höhere Sensibilität haben und einfacher zu entnehmen sind als die Abstriche.
2. "Implementing saline gargle sample collection for COVID-19 testing“ - Veröffentlichung: Dez. 2020 im British Columbia Medical Journal (https://bcmj.org/bccdc-covid-19/implementing-saline-gargle-sample-
collection-covid-19-testing): Bei einer Validierung im BC Children’s Hospital wurden Nasopharynx-Abstirche, Gurgelproben (mit Kochsalzlösung) und Speichelproben miteinander verglichen. Laut der Autoren hat
sich daraus ergeben, dass die Ergebnisse der Gurgelproben äquivalent zu denen der Abstriche waren. Nur die Speichelprobe war deutlich weniger empfindlich als die anderen Proben.
3. "Gargle lavage as a viable alternative to swab for detection of SARS-CoV-2“ - Veröffentlichung: Sep. 2020 im Indian Journal of Medical Research (https://www.ijmr.org.in/article.asp?issn=0971-
5916;year=2020;volume=152;issue=1;spage=77;epage=81;aulast=Mittal): In dieser Querschnittsstudie wurde bei 50 positiv getestete Patienten in Neu-Delhi ein kombinierter Abstrich (NP- und OP-Abstrich) und eine
Gurgelprobe entnommen. Zusätzlich haben die Patienten die Beschwerden bei den jeweiligen Entnahmen angeben. Die Autoren schrieben, dass die Ergebnisse der Gurgelproben immer vergleichbar mit denen der
Abstriche waren. Allerdings gaben sie an, dass der Ct-Wert der Gurgelproben geringfügig höher, aber trotzdem mit denen der Abstriche vergleichbar waren. Die Beschwerden bei den Abstrichen seien hingegen
deutlich höher als bei den Gurgelproben, bei denen lediglich der salzige Geschmack als störend angegeben wurde. Somit sei die Gurgelprobe eine gute Alternative zu den Tupfern.
4."Gargle Lavage as a Safe and Sensitive Alternative to Swab Samples to Diagnose COVID-19: A Case Report in Japan“ - Veröffentlichung: Apr. 2020 im Clinical Infectious Diseases (Oxford Academic)
(https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/71/15/893/5815296?login=true): In dieser Veröffentlichung geht es nur ein Fallbericht, eines symptomatischen Patienten. Es wurden ein Oropharynx-Abstrich und eine
Gurgelprobe (mit Kochsalzlösung) entnommen. Dabei fielen beide Proben positiv aus, in der Gurgelprobe wurde jedoch eine etwas höhere Menge an viralem Genom nachgewiesen.
5. "Self-collected Saline Gargle Samples as an Alternative to Healthcare Worker Collected Nasopharyngeal Swabs for COVID-19 Diagnosis in Outpatients“ - Preprint: Sep. 2020 im medRivx
(https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.13.20188334v1): In dieser Vorveröffentlichung sind Abstriche (NP-Abstrich), Speichel- und Gurgelproben (mit Kochsalzlösung) miteinander verglichen. Die
Gurgelproben hatten dabei eine Sensitivität von 98%, während die Speichelproben nur eine Sensitivität von 79% aufwiesen. Auch nach 2 Tagen Lagerung bei Raumtemperatur konnte die virale RNA stabil
nachgewiesen werden. Speichel- und Gurgelproben wurden von den Patienten besser angenommen als die Abstriche. Die Autoren schließen daraus, dass die Gurgelspülprobe eine vielversprechende Alternative zu
den Abstrichen sein kann, auch da dies gut selbst entnommen werden kann.
PCR-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 from gargle lavage is comparable with detection from swab tests:
Alacris Theranostics GmbH
Thank you very much for your attention
Further information: office@alacris.de

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Alacris Covid PCR testing

  • 1. Scalable, accurate and rapid endpoint PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2: the PCR test at antigen test costs SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing www.alacris.de office@alacris.de
  • 2. Endpoint detection Throat Swab or Gargle Lavage (non-invasive) Preparation of samples & controls (+ve /-ve) PCR POSITIVE or NEGATIVE Transport to Alacris Lab Sample collection Reporting of results Result Notification Alacris Coronavirus testing- rapid and sensitive endpoint PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 Certification & working standards: IVD-CE certified test, ISO9001:2015, ISO15189 & ISO13485 applied, S2 safety standard, permission to work with SarsCoV2 by LAGetSi Berlin, external validation (Ringversuche: INSTAND e.V., EMQN), DSGVO Datenschutz § 5 Abs1
  • 3. Testing the German population – Logistics 3. Sample drop-off - Pharmacies Tubes are taken to pharmacies as drop-off point (17,000 in Germany). Also offer support for sample collection. 4. Sample collection Sample tubes are sorted into 96- well format (93 test, 3 controls per carrier) at the pharmacy & collected at regular intervals by wholesalers who deliver to one of 10 processing centers in Germany. 5. Sample Processing Samples are processed using the endpoint RT-PCR method 2. Repeated self-sampling Sample is taken by each person once a week using the supplied kit. Each sample tube has a unique barcode (double barcoded) 1. Distribution of sample kits Multiple kits (5) sent to all households in Germany 6. Results The results are automatically evaluated and transferred to the tested person and the health department via a smartphone app
  • 4. Sensitivity & Specificity: detection ~ down to two virus particles •Throat swab: 99 % specificity/100% sensitivity •Gargle lavage: 99 % specificity/100% sensitivity Turnaround: ~2 - 6 hours from sample receipt to result Cost: 5-20 euros per test (depending on throughput and test type) Specifications Throughput: Up to 1 million per day Certification: Self-certified according to 98/79/EG (IVD-CE) Can be further automated: mobile container solution
  • 5. Scale-up activities Total costs for tests and processing centers for 5 population-wide test cycles to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 in Germany: ~ € 2 billion Investment required for 10 processing centres = €5 -10 million Start of test program: 2-4 weeks after investment. Ramp up = 2-3 months -
  • 6. Alacris Coronavirus PCR gargle test – Sample Collection Kit www.alacris.de 2. intermediate liquid collection cylinder 1. sterile gargling liquid 3. pipette 5. double-barcoded rack holding 92 samples 4. double-barcoded sample tube
  • 7. Procedure for gargle sample collection www.alacris.de 2. intermediate liquid collection cylinder 1. sterile gargling liquid 4. double- barcoded sample tube I. Gargle for ca.10 sec using the sterile liquid (1). II. Spit the gargling liquid in the intermediate cylinder (2). III. Using the pipette (3), transfer some of the gargling liquid from cylinder (2) to sample tube (4). III. Safely dispose kit parts 1, 2 & 3. Bring sample tube (4) to collection point. 3. pipette
  • 8. Comparison of COVID-19 tests Data from: Vandenberg et al, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. (2020) doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-00461-z; US FDA Coronavirus Disease Testing Basics ; https://international.neb.com/-/media/nebus/files/feature-articles/many-initiatives-turning-to-rt-lamp-as-alternative-to-pcr-for-rapid-covid-19-screening- assays.pdf?rev=6178d83ba1684d50981e4d32d357ae2c&hash=176E6081F0B22A555C894F2219F89B4B; https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/556/eabc7075; *Watson et al BMJ 2020; 369: m1808; *Mayers & Baker, 2020. https://assets www.alacris.de Alacris PCR test (endpoint PCR) RT-qPCR (standard tests) LAMP-BASED TESTS ANTIGEN TESTS ANTIBODY TESTS SAMPLE TYPE Nasal or nasoph Nasal or nasopharyngeal swab Nasal or nasopharyngeal swab Nasal or nasopharyngeal swab or saliva Finger prick blood TURNAROUND 3 - 6 hours 6 - 72 hours 30 mins - 3 hours 15 - 30 mins 3 - 72 hours PROS • Non-invasive gargle test (self-test) • High sensitivity & specificity (>99% for swabs) • Industrially scalable • Diagnosis of active virus infections • Reduced false negatives • Populations Factories Homes • 90% less hardware • 90% less consumables – One pipette tip • As low as €5 Euro a test • Diagnosis of active infections • Analytical sensitivity and specificity of >95%* • Low copy number detection (2 copies/ 5 µl) is reducing false negatives • Quantitative detection • Diagnosis of active infections • High specificity (comparable to PCR) • Can be performed with minimal equipment • No RNA extraction required • Easily scalable for high-throughput • Compatible with POC & mobile labs • Diagnosis of active infections • Positive tests are highly accurate • Rapid turnaround • Easy to use • Requires very little/no training or scientists to analyse results • Shows previous infection • Complementary role for PCR testing • Easy to use • Requires very little/no training or scientists to analyse results CONS • Longer sample processing times • Real-time read-out requires longer analysis time • Higher costs due to sampling and processing requirements • Scaling efforts have had mixed success • Highest costs • High rate of false negatives in comparison to PCR (low sensitivity) • Newer technology than PCR without a large body of knowledge supporting its use in clinical settings • Complements rather than replaces PCR-testing • Lack sensitivity • Limited number of tests available • Increased risk of false negatives (could miss 15- 20% of infections) • More likely to miss an active infection • Only useful >10 days after onset of infection • Can’t distinguish between an active and a previous infection • Unable to demonstrate absence of COVID-19 disease Alacris ePCR test (endpoint PCR)
  • 9. Alacris Coronavirus PCR tests – References www.alacris.de 1. "Comparison of gargle samples and throat swab samples for the detection of respiratory pathogens“ - Veröffentlichung: Okt. 2017 (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166093417300836?casa_token=8ZRVCDHhP4wAAAAA:0FyITSjC865Va4Q7wRT17Qbzq7Li-U_M8MNS43osi4nxPvGPLf9xT0dqsu-PDZVQRSt2IO28xW0): Bei dem Artikel geht es nicht speziell um den Nachweis von Coronaviren, sondern grundsätzlich um den Nachweis von Pathogenen von Atemwegserkrankungen. Die Autoren schreiben, dass die Gurgelproben vermehrt eingesetzt werden sollten, da sie ein gleiche bis höhere Sensibilität haben und einfacher zu entnehmen sind als die Abstriche. 2. "Implementing saline gargle sample collection for COVID-19 testing“ - Veröffentlichung: Dez. 2020 im British Columbia Medical Journal (https://bcmj.org/bccdc-covid-19/implementing-saline-gargle-sample- collection-covid-19-testing): Bei einer Validierung im BC Children’s Hospital wurden Nasopharynx-Abstirche, Gurgelproben (mit Kochsalzlösung) und Speichelproben miteinander verglichen. Laut der Autoren hat sich daraus ergeben, dass die Ergebnisse der Gurgelproben äquivalent zu denen der Abstriche waren. Nur die Speichelprobe war deutlich weniger empfindlich als die anderen Proben. 3. "Gargle lavage as a viable alternative to swab for detection of SARS-CoV-2“ - Veröffentlichung: Sep. 2020 im Indian Journal of Medical Research (https://www.ijmr.org.in/article.asp?issn=0971- 5916;year=2020;volume=152;issue=1;spage=77;epage=81;aulast=Mittal): In dieser Querschnittsstudie wurde bei 50 positiv getestete Patienten in Neu-Delhi ein kombinierter Abstrich (NP- und OP-Abstrich) und eine Gurgelprobe entnommen. Zusätzlich haben die Patienten die Beschwerden bei den jeweiligen Entnahmen angeben. Die Autoren schrieben, dass die Ergebnisse der Gurgelproben immer vergleichbar mit denen der Abstriche waren. Allerdings gaben sie an, dass der Ct-Wert der Gurgelproben geringfügig höher, aber trotzdem mit denen der Abstriche vergleichbar waren. Die Beschwerden bei den Abstrichen seien hingegen deutlich höher als bei den Gurgelproben, bei denen lediglich der salzige Geschmack als störend angegeben wurde. Somit sei die Gurgelprobe eine gute Alternative zu den Tupfern. 4."Gargle Lavage as a Safe and Sensitive Alternative to Swab Samples to Diagnose COVID-19: A Case Report in Japan“ - Veröffentlichung: Apr. 2020 im Clinical Infectious Diseases (Oxford Academic) (https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/71/15/893/5815296?login=true): In dieser Veröffentlichung geht es nur ein Fallbericht, eines symptomatischen Patienten. Es wurden ein Oropharynx-Abstrich und eine Gurgelprobe (mit Kochsalzlösung) entnommen. Dabei fielen beide Proben positiv aus, in der Gurgelprobe wurde jedoch eine etwas höhere Menge an viralem Genom nachgewiesen. 5. "Self-collected Saline Gargle Samples as an Alternative to Healthcare Worker Collected Nasopharyngeal Swabs for COVID-19 Diagnosis in Outpatients“ - Preprint: Sep. 2020 im medRivx (https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.13.20188334v1): In dieser Vorveröffentlichung sind Abstriche (NP-Abstrich), Speichel- und Gurgelproben (mit Kochsalzlösung) miteinander verglichen. Die Gurgelproben hatten dabei eine Sensitivität von 98%, während die Speichelproben nur eine Sensitivität von 79% aufwiesen. Auch nach 2 Tagen Lagerung bei Raumtemperatur konnte die virale RNA stabil nachgewiesen werden. Speichel- und Gurgelproben wurden von den Patienten besser angenommen als die Abstriche. Die Autoren schließen daraus, dass die Gurgelspülprobe eine vielversprechende Alternative zu den Abstrichen sein kann, auch da dies gut selbst entnommen werden kann. PCR-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 from gargle lavage is comparable with detection from swab tests:
  • 10. Alacris Theranostics GmbH Thank you very much for your attention Further information: office@alacris.de