2. Definition
Plant layout refers to the arrangement of physical
facilities such as
machines, equipment, tools, furniture etc. in such a
manner so as to have quickest flow of material at the
lowest cost and with the least amount of handling in
processing the product from the receipt of raw
material to the delivery of the final product.
3. Objectives of good Plant Layout
A well designed plant layout is one that can be
beneficial in achieving the following objectives:
Proper and efficient utilization of available floor
space
Transportation of work from one point to another
point without any delay
Proper utilization of production capacity.
Reduce material handling costs
Utilize labour efficiently
Reduce accidents
4. Provide for volume and product
flexibility
Provide ease of supervision and control
Provide for employee safety and health
Allow easy maintenance of machines and
plant.
Improve productivity
5. TYPES OF LAYOUT:
There are mainly four types of plant layout:
(a) Product or line layout
(b) Process or functional layout
(c) Fixed position or location layout
(d) Combined or group layout
6. PROCESS LAYOUT
PROCESS LAYOUTS ARE FOUND
PRIMARILY IN JOB SHOPS, OR
FIRMS THAT PRODUCE
CUSTOMIZED, LOW-VOLUME
PRODUCTS THAT MAY REQUIRE
DIFFERENT PROCESSING
REQUIREMENTS AND
SEQUENCES OF OPERATIONS
7. PRODUCT LAYOUT
Product layouts are found in
flow shops .Flow shops produce
high-volume, highly
standardized products that
require highly
standardized, repetitive
processes
9. COMBINATION LAYOUTS
Many situations call for a
mixture of the three main layout
types. These mixtures are
commonly called combination
or hybrid layouts
10. CELLULAR LAYOUT
Cellular manufacturing is a type
of layout where machines are
grouped according to the
process requirements for a set of
similar items that require
similar processing.
11. OTHER LAYOUTS
In addition to the aforementioned
layouts, there are others that are
more appropriate for use in service
organizations. These include
warehouse/storage layouts, retail
layouts, and office layouts.
12. Advantages of facility layout
Improved Utilization of Labor
Effective Use of Available Area
Minimization of Production Delays
Improved Quality Control
Minimum Equipment Investment
Better Production Control
Better Supervision
13. Improved Employee Morale
Morale will be increases by giving
(a)Better working condition
(b)Better employee facilities
(c)Reduced number of accidents
(d)Increased earnings
14. Problem in facility layout
Requirement of raw material
Distance of the plant
Workers availability
Business work
Availability of transport
better use of scare resource