1. Basic elements of organising and management and
Functions of management
Srikala. kamireddy
Assistant professor
Nirmala college of pharmacy
2.
3. What is management?
• Management is a universal
phenomenon. It is a very popular and
widely used term. All organizations -
business, political, cultural or social are
involved in management because it
helps and directs the various efforts
towards a definite purpose.
4. Contd……
• Management is a purposive activity. It is
something that directs group efforts towards the
attainment of certain pre - determined goals.
• Of course, these goals may vary from one
enterprise to another. E.g.: For one enterprise it
may be launching of new products by conducting
market surveys and for other it may be profit
maximization by minimizing cost.
5. Therefore, we can say that good
management includes both being
effective and efficient.
Being effective means doing the
appropriate task i.e, fitting the square
pegs in square holes and round pegs
in round holes.
Being efficient means doing the
task correctly, at least possible cost
with minimum wastage of resources.
6.
7. elements of management
The Four Pillars of Management are
Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling
(P-O-L-C).
If used correctly, the P-O-L-C framework
proves to be a comprehensive and useful guide
for managing all critical functions of business
management.
Before going to discuss, let’s take a look at
how each element supports the management
process.
8.
9.
10. P-O-L-C FRAME WORK
Planning is the process of setting
objectives and deciding on the best
methods of achieving those
objectives, including short, medium
and long-term goals.
14. Organizing is the function of
management that involves
developing an organizational
structure and effectively
allocating the resources needed
to accomplish the objectives.
20. Basic Elements of Organizing
Designing Jobs:
• Job design is the determination of an
individual’s work-related responsibilities.
• The most common form is job
specialization.
• Because of various drawbacks to job
specialization, managers have experimented
with job rotation, job enlargement, job
enrichment, the job characteristics approach,
and work teams as alternatives.
21. Basic Elements of Organizing
Grouping Jobs:
• After jobs are designed, they are grouped into
departments.
• The most common bases for
departmentalization are function, product,
customer, and location.
• Each has its own unique advantages and
disadvantages.
• Large organizations employ multiple bases of
departmentalization at different levels.
22. Basic Elements of Organizing
Establishing Reporting Relationships:
Establishing reporting relationships starts
with clarifying the chain of command.
The span of management partially
dictates whether the organization is
relatively tall or flat.
In recent years there has been a trend
toward flatter organizations.
Several situational factors influence the
ideal span.
23. Basic Elements of Organizing
Distributing Authority:
• Distributing authority starts with delegation.
• Delegation is the process by which the manager assigns
a portion of his or her total workload to others.
• Systematic delegation throughout the organization is
decentralization.
• Centralization involves keeping power and authority at
the top of the organization.
• Several factors influence the appropriate degree of
decentralization.
24. Basic Elements of Organizing
• Coordinating Activities:
• Coordination is the process of linking the
activities of the various departments of the
organization.
• Pooled, sequential, or reciprocal
interdependence among departments is a
primary reason for coordination.
• Managers can draw on several techniques to
help achieve coordination.
25. Basic Elements of Organizing
Differentiating Between Positions:
•A line position is a position in the direct chain
of command that is responsible for the
achievement of an organization’s goals.
• In contrast, a staff position provides
expertise, advice, and support for line
positions.
•Administrative intensity is the degree to
which managerial positions are concentrated
in staff positions.
32. P-O-L-C FRAME WORK
Leading involves the decision making
process, demonstrating effective
communication, and the ability to motivate
teams to achieve a specific vision and/or
goal.
To be an effective leader, there are many
characteristics that need to be employed,
including humility, courage, and
adaptability, to name a few.
38. The controlling process is
comprised of three steps:
• First, focus is to establish the
performance standards.
• Second, compare the actual performance
against the predetermined standards.
• Last, if there is a deviation – take
corrective action when necessary.
39.
40.
41. main objectives of management
The main objectives of management are:
Getting Maximum Results with Minimum Efforts
- The main objective of management is to secure
maximum outputs with minimum efforts &
resources. Management is basically concerned
with thinking & utilizing human, material &
financial resources in such a manner that would
result in best combination. This combination
results in reduction of various costs.
42. Increasing the Efficiency of factors of
Production - Through proper
utilization of various factors of
production, their efficiency can be
increased to a great extent which can
be obtained by reducing spoilage,
wastages and breakage of all kinds,
this in turn leads to saving of time,
effort and money which is essential
for the growth & prosperity of the
enterprise.
43. Maximum Prosperity for Employer &
Employees - Management ensures smooth
and coordinated functioning of the
enterprise. This in turn helps in providing
maximum benefits to the employee in the
shape of good working condition, suitable
wage system, incentive plans on the one
hand and higher profits to the employer on
the other hand.
44. Human betterment & Social Justice -
Management serves as a tool for the
upliftment as well as betterment of
the society.
Through increased productivity &
employment, management ensures
better standards of living for the
society.
It provides justice through its
uniform policies.
45. Importance of Management
•It helps in Achieving Group Goals
It directs group efforts towards achievement of pre-determined goals.
•Optimum Utilization of Resources
Management utilizes all the physical & human resources productively.
•Reduces Costs
It gets maximum results through minimum input by proper planning and by using
minimum input & getting maximum output.
•Establishes Sound Organization –
No overlapping of efforts (smooth and coordinated functions).
•Establishes Equilibrium -
It enables the organization to survive in changing environment.
•Essentials for Prosperity of Society -
Efficient management leads to better economical production which helps in turn
to increase the welfare of people.
