This is a simple seminar explaining about the types in the anther wall development.

2. Content
 Introduction
 Antherwalldevelopment
 BasicType
 ReducedType
 Conclusion
 References

3. Introduction
Pollengrains,which
contributethemalegametes,
areformedwithinananther.
Atypicalantheris
tetrasporangiate.

4. Anther Wall Development
 AVeryyounganthercomprisesa
homogeneousmassofcellsboundedby
awelldefinedepidermis.
 Duringitsdevelopmenttheanther
assumesafourlobedappearance.
 Ineachlobesomehypodermalcells
becomemoreprominent–thesecells
constitutethearchesporium.

5. Anther Wall Development
 Thearchesporialcellsdivideintopericlinal
division.
 Primaryparietalcellstowardsthe
epidermis.
 Primary sporogenenouscellstowardthe
interioroftheanther.
 Thecellsoftheparietallayerundergoa
seriesofpericlinal&anticlinaldivisions–2
to5concentriclayersofantherwall.
 Theprimarysporogenouscells,either
directlyorafterafewmitoses,functionas
microsporemothercell.

7. Types
 Basedonthebehaviourof secondary parietallayers,Davis
(1966)recognised into 4types of antherwall.
 BasicType
 DicotyledonousType
 MonocotyledonousType
 ReducedType

8. BasicType
Primary Parietal layer
OuterSecondary InnerSecondary
parietallayer parietallayer
Endothecium Middle layer Middlelayer Tapetum

9. BasicType
 Primary parietalwall undergoes periclinaldivision formingouterand
inner secondary parietal layers.
 Boththelayersundergoes periclinal division.
 Onetowardstheepidermisdifferentiatesintoendotheciumfollowedby
middlelayer.
 Anothersecondaryparietallayerproducesanothermiddlelayerandthe
tapetum.
 Itis the most primitivetype.
 Ex:Anacardiaceae, Rhamnaceae,Tiliaceae.

10. ReducedType
PrimaryParietallayer
OuterSecondary InnerSecondary
parietallayer parietallayer
Endothecium Tapetum

11. ReducedType
 Primaryparietallayerundergoes periclinaldivisionforming2
secondarylayers.
 OuterlayerfunctionsasEndothecium.
 InnerlayerfunctionsasTapetum.
 Middlelayersareabsent.
 Ex:Lemnaceae.

12. Conclusion
 Onlydiferencebetween theBasicandReducedtypeis
that,BasicTypecontains middlelayers andinReduced
typemiddlelayersareabsent.
 Thesewalllayerslikeendothecium is protective,Middle
layersarefoodreservoirsandTapetuminnutrition.

13. Bhojwani, S.S. & Bhatnagar, S.P. 1978. The
embryology of Angiosperms. Vikas publiser
house, New Delhi. Pp:16-28.
 Pullaiah.T , Lakshminarayana.K. & Hanumantha
rao.B. Plant reproduction. Scientific publishers(
India) Jodhpur. Pp: 08-20.
 Johri, B.M. 1984. The embryology of
Angiosperms. Springer Verlag. Pp:53-67.