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User Interviews
Wayne Pau, Emerging Technologies SAP
Mar28, 2013

Internal
Introduction to User Interview
Using Design Thinking to Create Solutions
Wayne Pau, Emerging Technologies SAP
Feb 4, 2013 – MEIC’s Mobile Accelerator Programme – Workshop #6
My Apology Slide

“If I'm curt with you it's because time is a
factor. I think fast, I talk fast and I need you
guys to act fast if you wanna get out of this.
So, pretty please... with sugar on top…”
- Winston Wolfe (Pulp Fiction)

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

3
Overall Agenda

1.

Empathy Basics

2.

Interview & Prep

3.

Collate & Process Data

4.

POV & Composites

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

4
Empathy Basics
d.School Bootleg

http://dschool.stanford.edu/use-our-methods/

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

6
Design Thinking Phase: Empathy
•

Core component of “Design Thinking”

•

Empathy via:

1. Observe
2. Engage
3. Immerse

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

7
Why Empathy?
• Guide, Direct
Innovation
• Narrow/Refine
Target Users
• Mine for
Emotions and
Motivations
© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

8
Quick Video on Empathy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDDWvj_q-o8

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

9
Interview & Prep
Preparing for Interview
•

Brainstorm Questions

•

Identify Focus, Theme & Order

•

Refine and Edit Questions:
•

Re-word Leading or Biased Questions

•

Expand Yes or No type-questions

•

Make vague questions more specific

•

Ensure you questions eliciting *FEELINGS*

•

Eliminate redundancy

•

Simplify questions, short as possible.

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

11
Sample Questions
•

What was you last cellphone case?

•

Can you describe it?

•

Did you purchase it? How much did you pay?

•

How often do you use you cellphone case? Is it
always on your phone?

•

Why do you keep using your cellphone case?

•

Can you tell a story of when your were thankful you
had a cellphone case?

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

12
Tips & Tricks
•

What makes a successful cellphone case?

•

A cellphone case need be black, right?

•

Let’s talk a cellphone case a friend has that you think you
might like…

•

On a scale of 1 to 10, how do you rate your current case?

•

Can you draw me what an ideal case would be?

•

If you just had $40 to buy a cellphone case because you
spent all the rest on apps and there was only 4 choices left
at the store in your budget which fix you phone but had
various materials and didn’t allow for…
© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

13
User Interview – Ideal Timeline

(http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/dschool/method-cards/interview-for-empathy.pdf)
© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

14
Collect & Review
Group Story Share
•

Catches up Team & distributes info FAST

•

Forces speaker to “process” observations

•

More evenly distributes input (Equal Voice)

•

Trigger collaborative & Additional Questions

•

Quickly remove duplicates

•

Quickly see patterns

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

16
Inferred

I SAY…
• I DO…
• THINK…
• FEEL…
•

Observed

Empathy Map

(http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/dschool/method-cards/empathy-map.pdf)
© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

17
Brain Storming Rules
1.

One Conversation at a Time

2.

Go for Quantity

3.

Headline!

4.

Build on the ideas of Others

5.

Encourage “Wild Ideas”

6.

Be VISUAL…

7.

Stay on Topic

8.

Defer Judgment – No BLOCKING
(http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/dschool/method-cards/brainstorm-rules.pdf)

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

18
“Stickies” Grouping & Voting

•

Start to Group &

Categorize
•

Focus on Quantity and

Quality
•

Look for “Patterns”

•

Employ Group Voting

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

19
POV and Composites
Composite Sketch
•

Semi-Fictional

•

Give them a Name, Age, Gender, etc

•

“Enough” detail for empathy

•

Get Team Buy-in for Target User

•

Initially *only* focus on Target User

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

21
Point of View statements (POV) – Mad Lib
Isolate:

•

USER
• NEED
• INSIGHT
Into:
•

[USER] needs to [USER’S NEED] because [SURPRISING INSIGHT]

“Semi-Pro Drummer needs portable, silent drum kit so he can
practice while travelling on business to keep up his skills.”

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

22
Point of View statements (POV) – Wanted Ad
•

Think Craigslist or Kijiji

Drummer Wanted. Any skill level. (Newmarket)
Two guitarists seeking drummer with small portable kit for ambient space rock jamming/song-writing
collaboration.
We're both in our early 40's, pretty easy-going intermediate level players, hoping for about a session per
week in a moderate-volume home rehearsal setting in the Newmarket area.
Any skill and experience level, but must be comfortable with jamming and into being a part of a ground-up
creative process.

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

23
How Might We (HMW)
•

Create a list of HMW based on POV

•

USER + NEED + INSIGHT
1.

How to create/produce lighter weight Drum
Stands?

2.

How to create portable/folding drum kits?

3.

How to create a quick set-up drum kit?

4.

How to reduce the volume of drum kit?

5.

….

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Internal

24
Wrap-Up Exercise

I Like…

© 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

I Wish….

I Will…

Internal

25
Thank you
Contact information:
Wayne Pau (wayne.pau@sap.com)
Emerging Technologies

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Design Thinking: User Empathy

  • 1. User Interviews Wayne Pau, Emerging Technologies SAP Mar28, 2013 Internal
  • 2. Introduction to User Interview Using Design Thinking to Create Solutions Wayne Pau, Emerging Technologies SAP Feb 4, 2013 – MEIC’s Mobile Accelerator Programme – Workshop #6
  • 3. My Apology Slide “If I'm curt with you it's because time is a factor. I think fast, I talk fast and I need you guys to act fast if you wanna get out of this. So, pretty please... with sugar on top…” - Winston Wolfe (Pulp Fiction) © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 3
  • 4. Overall Agenda 1. Empathy Basics 2. Interview & Prep 3. Collate & Process Data 4. POV & Composites © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 4
  • 7. Design Thinking Phase: Empathy • Core component of “Design Thinking” • Empathy via: 1. Observe 2. Engage 3. Immerse © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 7
  • 8. Why Empathy? • Guide, Direct Innovation • Narrow/Refine Target Users • Mine for Emotions and Motivations © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 8
  • 9. Quick Video on Empathy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDDWvj_q-o8 © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 9
  • 11. Preparing for Interview • Brainstorm Questions • Identify Focus, Theme & Order • Refine and Edit Questions: • Re-word Leading or Biased Questions • Expand Yes or No type-questions • Make vague questions more specific • Ensure you questions eliciting *FEELINGS* • Eliminate redundancy • Simplify questions, short as possible. © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 11
  • 12. Sample Questions • What was you last cellphone case? • Can you describe it? • Did you purchase it? How much did you pay? • How often do you use you cellphone case? Is it always on your phone? • Why do you keep using your cellphone case? • Can you tell a story of when your were thankful you had a cellphone case? © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 12
  • 13. Tips & Tricks • What makes a successful cellphone case? • A cellphone case need be black, right? • Let’s talk a cellphone case a friend has that you think you might like… • On a scale of 1 to 10, how do you rate your current case? • Can you draw me what an ideal case would be? • If you just had $40 to buy a cellphone case because you spent all the rest on apps and there was only 4 choices left at the store in your budget which fix you phone but had various materials and didn’t allow for… © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 13
  • 14. User Interview – Ideal Timeline (http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/dschool/method-cards/interview-for-empathy.pdf) © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 14
  • 16. Group Story Share • Catches up Team & distributes info FAST • Forces speaker to “process” observations • More evenly distributes input (Equal Voice) • Trigger collaborative & Additional Questions • Quickly remove duplicates • Quickly see patterns © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 16
  • 17. Inferred I SAY… • I DO… • THINK… • FEEL… • Observed Empathy Map (http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/dschool/method-cards/empathy-map.pdf) © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 17
  • 18. Brain Storming Rules 1. One Conversation at a Time 2. Go for Quantity 3. Headline! 4. Build on the ideas of Others 5. Encourage “Wild Ideas” 6. Be VISUAL… 7. Stay on Topic 8. Defer Judgment – No BLOCKING (http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/dschool/method-cards/brainstorm-rules.pdf) © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 18
  • 19. “Stickies” Grouping & Voting • Start to Group & Categorize • Focus on Quantity and Quality • Look for “Patterns” • Employ Group Voting © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 19
  • 21. Composite Sketch • Semi-Fictional • Give them a Name, Age, Gender, etc • “Enough” detail for empathy • Get Team Buy-in for Target User • Initially *only* focus on Target User © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 21
  • 22. Point of View statements (POV) – Mad Lib Isolate: • USER • NEED • INSIGHT Into: • [USER] needs to [USER’S NEED] because [SURPRISING INSIGHT] “Semi-Pro Drummer needs portable, silent drum kit so he can practice while travelling on business to keep up his skills.” © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 22
  • 23. Point of View statements (POV) – Wanted Ad • Think Craigslist or Kijiji Drummer Wanted. Any skill level. (Newmarket) Two guitarists seeking drummer with small portable kit for ambient space rock jamming/song-writing collaboration. We're both in our early 40's, pretty easy-going intermediate level players, hoping for about a session per week in a moderate-volume home rehearsal setting in the Newmarket area. Any skill and experience level, but must be comfortable with jamming and into being a part of a ground-up creative process. © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 23
  • 24. How Might We (HMW) • Create a list of HMW based on POV • USER + NEED + INSIGHT 1. How to create/produce lighter weight Drum Stands? 2. How to create portable/folding drum kits? 3. How to create a quick set-up drum kit? 4. How to reduce the volume of drum kit? 5. …. © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. Internal 24
  • 25. Wrap-Up Exercise I Like… © 2012 SAP AG. All rights reserved. I Wish…. I Will… Internal 25
  • 26. Thank you Contact information: Wayne Pau (wayne.pau@sap.com) Emerging Technologies