vtu belgavi, karnataka notes

1. PREPARED BY
SHIVKUMAR M H [SONOFGOD]
M.E(UVCE),AMIE
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AND HIGHWAY ENGINEER
EWIT,BANGALORE

2. UNIT – 8
SYLLABUS
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM: Definition, Necessities, Application in the
present traffic scenario. 2 Hours
EXAM QUESTIONS
(1) Explain the application of intelligent transport system in the present traffic scenario.
(10M) ( JUNE/JULY 2014) (1 - TIME)
(2) Write short note on intelligence transport system (5M) (DEC2013/JAN2014) (1 -
TIME)

3. INTELLIGENT TRNSPORT SYSTEM
DEFINITION
 Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) enables elements within the transportation system
- vehicles, roads, traffic lights, message signs, etc. to become intelligent by
embedding them with microchips and sensors and empowering them to
communicate with each other through wireless technologies.
 The core of ITS consists in obtaining, processing, and distributing information for
better use of transportation system, infrastructure and services.
 ITS is a concept that will contribute to the more efficient use of infrastructure and
transport solutions in the future.
 Transport systems can reduce impact on the environment, and increase safety and
security through real-time traffic information, remote monitoring, and
communication between transport vehicles and the infrastructure.
OR
 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is the application of computer, electronics,
and communication technologies and management strategies in an integrated
manner to provide traveler information to increase the safety and efficiency of the
surface transportation systems.
 These systems involve vehicles, drivers, passengers, road operators, and managers
all interacting with each other and the environment, and linking with the complex
infrastructure systems to improve the safety and capacity of road systems.

4. NECESSITY
 As reported by Commission for Global Road Safety(June 2006) , the global road deaths
were between 7,50,000 to 8,80,000 in the year 1999 and estimated about 1.25 million
deaths per year and the toll is increasing further.
 World health organization report (1999), showed that in the year 1990 road accidents as
a cause of death or disability were the ninth most significant cause of death or disability
and predicted that by 2020 this will move to sixth place.
 Without significant changes to the road transport systems these dreadful figures are likely to
increase significantly.
 Traditional driver training, infrastructure and safety improvements, may contribute to
certain extent to reduce the number of accidents but not enough .
 Intelligent Transport Systems are the best solution to the problem.
 Safety is one of the principal driving forces behind the evolution, development,
standardization, and implementation of ITS systems.
• ITS improves transportation safety and mobility and enhances global connectivity by
means of productivity improvements achieved through the integration of advanced
communications technologies into the transportation infrastructure and in vehicles.
• Intelligent transportation systems encompass a broad range of wireless and wire line
communication based information and electronics technologies to better manage traffic
and maximize the utilization of the existing transportation infrastructure.
• It improves driving experience, safety and capacity of road systems, reduces risks in
transportation, relieves traffic congestion, improves transportation efficiency and
reduces pollution.

5. ITS applications
One set of applications is for traffic management.
(1) Intersection control - At intersections, deciding the total signal cycle and the split of
green times among different flows.
(2) Incident detection - Pinpointing locations of accidents or vehicle breakdown is
important to handle the emergency situations.
(3) Vehicle classification – Knowing what kind of vehicles, and in what proportions, ply
a certain road stretch, helps to choose appropriate road width and pavement materials.
(4) Monitoring - Pollution and road quality monitoring are necessary for taking
corrective measures.
(5) Revenue collection - Toll taxes for infrastructure maintenance and fines for rule
enforcement need to be collected.
(6) Historical traffic data - Long term data helps to plan new infrastructure, calibrate
traffic signal times and add public transport.
Another set of applications can aid the commuters on roads.
(1) Congestion maps and travel time estimates - These help computers in route
selection.
(2) Public transport information - Information about arrival of public transport helps in
choice of travel mode and reduces wait delays.
(3) Individual vehicle management - Getting information about parking places or
estimates of carbon footprint help owners of private vehicles.
(4) Accident handling – Emergency services after accidents are a vital necessity.