Minimally invasive surgery has evolved significantly since the early 1900s. Key developments include the first laparoscopic procedures in the 1980s and 1990s like cholecystectomy, appendicectomy, and hysterectomy. Minimally invasive procedures now include laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, cystoscopy, and hysteroscopy. The document outlines the chronological milestones in minimally invasive surgery and the increasing use of techniques like hand assisted laparoscopic surgery, single incision laparoscopic surgery, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, and robotic surgery. Minimally invasive surgery is now the standard approach for many common procedures worldwide.

1. MBBS; MS; M.MAS; MRCS; FACS; Ph. D.

2. Surgical rose with different names
Key Hole Surgery
Endoscopic Surgery
Button Hole Surgery
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Minimal Access Surgery
• Laparoscopy
• Thoracoscopy
• Cystoscopy
• Hysteroscopy
1953 by Professor
Hopkins

3. Hopkins Rod Lens System

4. Chronological Milestones
1901 1983, 1985 1987, 1989 1993, 1994, 2001, 2005
- First
Inspection of
abdominal
cavity by
VONN OTT in
1901 using a
speculum and
candlelight.
- First
Laparoscopic
Appendicectomy
in 1983 by SEMM,
Cholecystectoy
by ERICH MUHE
in 1985
- First Laparoscopic
Hernia by GER in
1987. First
Laparoscopic
Hysterectomyin 1989
by RIECH
- First Robotic
Laparoscopic surgery
Dan Stoianovici 1993.
First Colorectal by GIES
1994. NOTES in 2001
and SILS in 2005

5. Frequently done Key Hole
procedures
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6. Cholecystectomy
World Wide Incidence
Appendicectomy
Fundoplication
Hernia Repair
Bariatric Surgery

7. Diagnostic laparoscopy
World Wide Incidence
Tubal and Ovarian Surgery
Laparoscopic Myomectomy
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
Genitourinary Prolapse Repair

8. 19011901
Diagnostic Laparoscopy
Electronic Eye Inside Abdomen
First Diagnostic
Laparoscopy
Kelling 1901

9. 19851985
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
• Laparoscopic choleystectomy is
now gold standard for the
treatment of gallstone
diseases.
• Most commonly performed
Minimal Access Surgery by
General surgeons worldwide.
• In Europe 97% of
cholecystectomy is now done
laparoscopically.

10. 19831983
Laparoscopic Appendicectomy

11. Right Lobectomy of Thyroid
Axillary-Breast Approach

12. Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
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13. Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
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14. Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
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15. Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
Omniport can accommodate Hand as well as Instruments
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16. Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
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17. Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
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18. Gasless Laparoscopic Surgery
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19. Gasless Laparoscopic Surgery
Abdolift
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20. World Laparoscopy Hospital

21. Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery

22. Magnetic Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery

23. Natural Orifices Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery

24. Present status in world
Coronary bypass surgery on
beating heart
Cardiac Valve Surgery
Cardiac Tumor Surgery
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25. Future of Minimal Access Surgery
Now surgeons can
operate exclusively via
a computer interface
controlling a master–
slave manipulator
through Internet.
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26. World Laparoscopy Hospital

27. Trans Atlantic
Minimal Access Surgery
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29. Robotic console
ZEUS™
console
AESOP®
console
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30. Conclusion