Food adulteration with toxic chemicals in Bangladesh has reached epidemic proportions and poses major public health issues. The document discusses various types and methods of food adulteration in Bangladesh including with adulterants like mineral oil, lead chromate, methanol, arsenic, and others. Adulterated foods can cause diseases like cancer, anemia, paralysis and even death. Stricter enforcement of food laws, advanced testing technology, awareness campaigns, and multi-sector collaboration are recommended to address the food safety crisis in Bangladesh.

2. FOOD ADULTERATION
AND ITS IMPACT ON
PUBLIC HEALTH
CAPT MOTTALIB
ROSTER – 36
MOBC 75

3. INTRODUCTION
Adulteration of food with toxic chemicals
harmful to health has reached an epidemic
proportion in Bangladesh. The newspapers
have dubbed it as the ‘silent killer’.
It is very difficult to find a sector of food
industry which is free of adulteration. Almost
every day in the news papers, newer and
newer methods of adulterating newer and
newer types of foods are reported. .

4. AIM
To discuss about different aspects of food
adulteration in BD and its hazardous
impact on public health.

5. SCOPE
a) Definition & Types of food adulteration
b) Adulterants in food and health effects
c) Issue & Impact to public health
d) Carcinoma and food Adulteration
e) Law against Food Adulteration
f) Food safety and control measures in BD
g) Detection of Adulterants on food
h) Govt measures
j) Public awareness

6. DEFINATION
• Adulteration is defined as the process by
which the quality or the nature of a given
substance is reduced through the addition of
a foreign or an inferior substance and
removal of vital element.
• The foreign and inferior substance is known
as adulterants.

7. TYPES OF ADULTERATION
Food Adulteration are 04 types.
a. Adulteration in cooked food
b. Adulteration in Fish
c. Adulteration in Vegetables
d. Adulteration in Juice

8. ADULTERANTS
An adulterants is a chemical substance which
should not be contained with other substance for
legal or other reasons. Adulterants when used in
illicit drugs are called cutting agents, while
deliberate addition of toxic adulterants to food or
other products for human consumption is known as
poisoning.
TYPES
It can be classified in two ways.
a. Intentional ex: Sand,marble,stones,mud etc.
b. Incidental ex: pesticides ,rodents etc.

9. Adulteration in food stuffs
Food Stuffs Adulturants
Cereal Soil,pieces of stone ,infested cereal
Pulses Khesari dal
Bengal gram Flour Starch powder,maize flour
Ghee Vegetable ghee,Animal fat,sweet
potato
Milk Water
Tea Used tea leavels
Pepper Papaya seeds
Clove Clove after extraction
Dhaneya Saw dust,horse dung
Red Chelli Powder Saw dust,Powdered Red Brick
Honey Sugar,Water
Turmeric Yellow Soil

11. Adulterants in Foods and their
Health Effects
Adulterants Foods Diseases
Mineral oil (white oil,
petroleum fractions)
Edible oils and fats,
Black pepper
Cancer
Lead chromate Turmeric whole and
powdered, mixed
spices
Anemia, abortion, paralysis,
brain damage
Methanol Alcoholic liquors Blurred vision, blindness, death
Arsenic Fruits such as apples
sprayed over with
lead arsenate
Dizziness, chills, cramps,
paralysis, death
Barium Foods contaminated
by rat poisons
(Barium carbonate)
Violent peristalsis, arterial
hypertension, muscular
twitching, convulsions, cardiac
disturbances
Cadmium Fruit juices,soft
drinks, etc. in contact
with cadmium plated
vessels/equipment.
‘Itai-itai (ouch-ouch) disease,
Increased salivation, acute
gastritis, liver and kidney
damage, prostrate cancer

12. Contd…
Adulterants Foods Diseases
Cobalt Water, liquors Cardiac insufficiency and
mycocardial failure
Lead Water, natural and
processed food
Lead poisoning (foot-drop,
insomnia, anemia, constipation.
Argemone seeds
Argemone oil
Mustard seeds
Edible oils and fats
Epidemic dropsy,
Glaucoma,
Cardiac arrest
Artificially coloured
foreign seeds
As a substitute for
cumin seed,Poppy
seed, black pepper
Injurious to health
Foreign leaves or
exhausted tea leaves,
saw dust artificially
coloured
Tea Injurious to health, cancer
TCP Oils Paralysis
Rancid oil Oils Destroys vitamin A and E
Sand, marble chips,
stones, filth
Food grains, pulses
etc.
Damage digestive tract
Lathyrus sativus Khesari dal alone or
Mixed in other pulses
Lathyrism (crippling spastic
paraplegia)

13. Reasons for adulteration of food
a) Lack of effective coordination
b) Lack of Proper food laws
c) Lack of government initiative
d) Politicians are not raising their voices
e) Common People are not conscious
enough

14. Purpose
The main purpose of adulteration is the
tendency to money on the part of some
selfish trades of using unfair means.

16. Disadvantage
• Disadvantages for the consumer-
a) He is paying more money for a food stuff of
lower quality.
b) Some forms of adulteration is
injurious to health even carcinogenic.

17. Carcinoma and food Adulteration
A recent studies shows that the increasing rate of
carcinoma is somehow the cause of or the effects of
using so many adulterants in food and food items.
Most of the chemical adulterants are carcinogenic.

18. Issue of public concern
Health burden
3 million cases of diarrhea
(2005-09)
Severe effects include cancer,
liver and renal failure
Impact of adulteration
Child Health
Health of pregnant women
Food diseases
Other diseases

19. Statistics on Food Adulteration
a.2 core people suffering for kidney diseases
b.76% foods are adulterated
Burden on public
health
a. Diarrhea
b. 3 million cases
reported (DGHS; 2005-09)
c. Responsible for 15%
of mortality in children
under 5 years (2011)

20. Contd..
•Large scale adulteration
• 40-60% food samples found adulterated in
Dhaka (IPH)
• Extent and severity of food-borne illnesses
unknown

21. Food Safety in Bangladesh
Action’s suggested
a. Strict enforcement of food laws
b. Using of advance technology
c. Reducing use of chemical pesticides
d. Political parties should raise their voice
e. Proper public awareness
Law against food Adulteration
a. Bangladesh pure food ordinance 1959
b. Section 18(1) of the constitution
c. Article 15 of the constitution
d. Bangladesh pure food act ,2005

22. Strategies of Policy
• Multi-sectorial involvement
• Food chain approach
• Risk Analysis
• Monitoring and Evaluation
• Scientific Research and Data
• Harmonization of International
Standards and Regulations

23. 1. Papaya seeds are used to adulterate black pepper seeds.
Add some of the adulterated sample to glass water. papaya
seeds float while pepper seeds do not.
2. Starch is used as an adulterant in milk. put few drops of
iodine solution in milk . a blue or black colour indicates
starch.
3. Old used spices are often mix with spices sold as fresh.
Smell the spice . no or less smell indicates the adulteration
4. Cheap edible oil in vanaspati. Add a solution of washing
soda to vanaspati and shake well. If froth appears on top,
cheap oil has been added to vanaspati.
5. Artificial dye in tea leaves. Put tea leaves or moistened
blotting paper. Artificial colour leaves will impart colour to
blotting paper.
Some common ways of detecting food
adulteration

24. GOVT MEASURES
RECOMMENDATION

25. Contd…

26. All the consumer should be alert and check
the quality of food.
Raise the voice towards food adulteration
PUBLIC AWARENESS

27. CONCLUSION