1. Greening Your Products
Orchideh Gharagozlou
Niyousha Babrafkan
Mohammad Farokhi
Mohammad Ebrahim Zamani
Ahmad Manzarnejad

2. Many innovative businesses have
successfully introduced "green"
products
How do these business owners and
product designers go about
improving existing products or
introducing new green products?
What motivates them to do so?

3. While many of these products
have saved money, they have
also reduced impacts on
human health and the
environment by :
 Using recycled or recyclable
material (e.g., recycled
paper products)
 Reducing their energy usage
(e.g., efficient washing
machines that use less water
and energy)
 Eliminating the use of toxic
chemicals during their
manufacture

4. “Green” products have a lesser or reduced impact on human
health and the environment than other products that
perform a similar function
Evaluating greener products generally requires a review of
multiple environmental attributes

5. Incorporate greening concepts into your all product
development process phases
Concept Design Prototype
GREENING
Phase 2: Market Manufacture Package
Deliver
Phase 1:
special consideration should be given to the product’s
design
 studies show that about 70% of a product’s environmental
impacts are determined by decisions made during the design
stage..

6.  Traditionally, product design takes into account standard
product attributes such as price, performance, and safety
 Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP) program builds
upon these traditional attributes by adding “Environment”
and “Health” considerations into these traditional building
blocks
ENVIRONMENTALLY
PREFERABLE PURCHASING
ENVIRONMENT HEALTH
TRADITIONAL
Minimize adverse health
effects (e.g., minimize
hazardous materials)
Maintain consistency with traditional purchasing
factors (e.g., safety, price, performance)
Maximize beneficial
environmental attributes (e.g.,
maximize recycled material
content)

7.  Government agencies and businesses alike are
struggling to determine the best ways to improve their
products to better protect human health and the
environment.
 new information and ideas become available to further
improve your products and manufacturing processes
Therefore
 identifying greening opportunities should be part of the
standard product and process improvement practices of
your organization.

8.  Two approaches for improvement are product
improvement and process improvement
PRODUCT
Develop products that have preferable environmental attributes when
compared with similar products (e.g., use recycled materials, are energy
efficient, are easily recycled) and market these products as green.
 Paper made from recycled content
 Flatware that is biodegradable
PROCESS
Improve your manufacturing and business operations to reduce your use of
energy and materials as well as reduce wastes and emissions associated
with the process of making the product.
 Replacing traditional solvents with citrus-based solvents
 Installing energy efficient motors

9.  The goal for these two approaches is to benefit your
bottom line, while also benefiting the environment.
 They aim to improve your profitability in a variety of ways
Increasing
market share
Reducing
operating costs
Less tangible
benefits
Attracting green consumers by getting your
products included in environmentally
preferable purchasing programs.
Increasing efficiency and reducing waste
leads to better profit margins.
Includes benefits such as increasing
employee participation and morale,
strengthening the company’s image in the
community.

10. A product can be considered greener based on its
characteristics, or “attributes.”
Examining a product’s life cycle across its many stages
provides a useful framework for thinking about how product
changes will impact the environment
Focus is usually placed on the environmental impacts arising
from manufacturing
it is also important to consider
 upstream impacts (those that occur before the product is
manufactured, such as mining or processing the input materials)
 downstream impacts (after manufacture including distribution,
use, and final disposal)

11. Life-cycle Diagram for Paper

12. Products can also be made greener by improving the
manufacturing processes involved in producing them
Characteristics of Greener Manufacturing
Consumes less natural resources
Requires less energy to produce
Releases less gases that lead to global climate change
Uses and releases less toxic materials
Creates less waste (both hazardous and non-hazardous)

13. Greening is good for employees
Greening the manufacturing process also has
positive impacts on human health of employees
Example
traditional wall paints contain
solvents, many of which are volatile
organic compounds (VOCs.)
VOCs emitted while manufacturing
or using the product can contribute
to the formation of ground-level
ozone, a lung irritant that makes
breathing difficult

14.  Most common greening approach
 Benchmarking green products with other
products with the same function
 Benchmarking recycled content of paper with:
 Market average recycled paper content
 Guideline specifying recommended recycled content
 Recycled content levels in other green labeled papers

15.  Product Approach to Greening
Review Guidelines
 Comprehensive Procurement Guideline(CPG)
Green Seal
Environmentally Preferrable Purchasing(EPP)
Identify Greener Products
 Create a Material Inventory
Get Ideas for Green Products
Identify Other Prooduct Design Developments
 Packaging and Delivery
Design for Environment(e.g. durability,repairability,upgradability)
Market Your Green Product
 Certification
Placement into Green Procurement Systems
Green Labeling
Marketing

16.  Guidelines to help purchasers select green products:
 help you find the criteria your customers may use
 help you develop criteria for greening your existing products
 provide ideas for new green products to introduce in your
product line

17.  US Environmental Protection Agency
 Signed into law in 1998
 Initiatives Include environment in purchasing
 Part of EPA’s effort
 Use of materials recovered from solid waste
 Buying recycled content products


18.  Non-profit standard setting organization
 Unbiased, third party
 Awards “green seal of approval”
 Products that cause less harm to the
environment
 Develops environmental standards for
product categories
 Carries out the actual certification of
particular products from interested
manufacturers

19.  US federal gov. spends more than $200 billion
annually on goods and services.
 EPP,a federal program encouraging and
assisting Executive agencies in purchasing
environmentally preferable products and
services
 empower federal consumers to make smart
purchasing decisions that reflect
environmental considerations

20.  Use information to
 identify greener materials that can be
substituted into your current products
 identify new green products to add to your
product offerings
 Actions to take
 Create a materials inventory
 Get ideas for green products

21.  Packaging/Delivery
 Greener packaging
 Transportation costs and energy use
 Durability
 Long lasting products
 Repairability and Upgradeability
 Easily repaired or upgraded
 Design for Recycling/Disassembly
 Easily recycled after use
 Product Take back(Future)
 easily disassembled, remanufactured or recycled

22.  Actions to take:
 Get your product certified
 Get your product included in green
procurement systems and lists
 Appropriately label your green product
 Use marketing strategies

26. What is a process map? A
process map is a schematic
description of a process or
processes. It is not a quality
improvement flowchart, a floor
plan, nor a complex wiring
diagram. Enough detail should
be included to provide
adequate information to
understand the bigger picture
of your processes and stimulate
discussion on the interactions
between various processes.

30. When capital improvements are required, it is
necessary to evaluate the profitability of these
greening projects. A key element in assessing
the profitability of pollution prevention and
greener manufacturing projects is to properly
account for all environmental cost savings.
Often costs (such as waste disposal) are
neglected from the analysis. Techniques and
software are available to help in such an
evaluation

34. Evaluate greening opportunities during product design.
Greening is a moving target
Greening takes time.
Green product market is increasing.

35. The aim of Life Cycle Design (LCD) is
to integrate environmental and social considerations
into product or service design and development.
The basic principles of Life Cycle Design are
• life cycle thinking;
• introduction of the environmental and social
considerations as early as possible in the life-cycle;
• consideration of the core service provided by the product.

36. Life Cycle Management Navigator: 11_PR_LCD 36
Emphasis on product
quality along its life
cycle
Increase in
resource use
efficiency
Increase in
production eco-efficiency
and
organisation
efficiency
Consideration of
local culture and
capacities
Concern for
end-of-life
managemen
t
Elements of
Life Cycle Design
Identification of
market needs and
opportunities

37. Where?
The designers and the managers of the products use life
cycle design during the earlier phases of product
development.
LCD is a top-rank tool for
environmental and social
management. Raw
Materials can be defined
according to the
requirements of LCD.
Decisions on LCD in the
earlier phase of product
development also
influence Packaging
and Distribution, Use and
Maintenance, and the
Disposal.

38. Why?
Internal
• Product innovation
• Improves product quality
• Saves costs
• Boosts brand value and
reputation
• Reach new customers
• New opportunities for value
creation
• Social equity
• Governance and management
systems visible to stakeholders
• Green marketing
• Environmental and social
awareness
External
• Be prepared for upcoming
norms and standards
• Use of subsidy schemes
• Encounter market and
supplier competition
• Accomodate customer
demand, public opinion, and
NGO pressure
• Encounter pressure from
direct community,
environmental groups and
other stakeholders

39. 1. Create team, plan project,
SWOT drivers, company goals
2. Product selection
3. Development of
life cycle design strategy
4. Product idea
generation and selection
5. Concepts Development
6. Evaluation and
Implementation of product
7. Follow Up
Product
Specification
Manufacturing
Preparation
Conceptual
Design
Detailed
Design
Market
Launch
Review
Project Plan
Project
Key
Life Cycle
Aspects
Product
Idea
Life Cycle
Design
The Final
Product
Traditional
Design Steps
Life Cycle Design Steps Output of the
Process Step

40. 1. Create team, plan project, SWOT drivers,
company goals
 Enthusiasm and support of management
 Allocation of financial resources and when to do
2. Product selection
 Selection of a suitable product or sub-assembly
requires a screening through a check-list.
 Consider
 reduction in environmental and social impact
 market potential
 the match between life cycle gains and market potentials
 competency of the personnel
 anticipated learning effect
 available budget
 complexity of the product
 length of the Life Cycle

41. 3. Development of Life Cycle Design strategy

42. 4. Product idea generation and selection
New concept development
Selection of low impact materials
Reduction of material usage
Optimisation of production techniques
Product structure level
Reduction of impact during use
Optimisation of the initial life time
Optimisation of end-of-life system

43. 5. Concepts development
Filter the options through the criteria of
technical and financial feasibility, market
opportunities and expected environmental
and social profit and the most favourable
ones are selected.
6. Evaluation and implementation
of product
7. Follow Up

44. Work on the parts of the product rather than the
whole if you have products having short product
development time!
Concentrate on only one component or sub-assembly
of the product when you have highly complex
products and long-life span.
There is no single methodology for “Life Cycle
Design”!
Key is to integrate the environmental and social
impact consideration process into your usual design
process.
Use simple tools such as life-cycle mapping or
matrixes!
Develop an action plan!

45. BE GREEN !