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Krishna Prasad
Roll.n.o.12
M.B.A. T&T
 Managers   believe they are success in doing
  group decision making , goal setting,
  problem solving.
 Dynamics of group decision making.
 More than consensus, take decision by
  authority.
 Minority rule or by majority rule.
 Decision by lack of response: also called plop
  method. Some one suggest an idea and
  without any deliberations it is rejected.
 Decision by Authority rule: leader will make
  the ultimate decision. This method produce
  minimum involvement of the group. Leader
  must be very proficient.
 Decision by minority rule: a single person can
  enforce the decision. Two or more members
  come to a quick and powerful agreement and
  implement it through chairman or powerful
  members of the group.
 Decision  by majority rule: if majority of
  participants feels the same way, then that
  decision is the best.
 Difficult to implement this decision. 2 kinds
  of psychological barriers.
 Minority feels that voting results in two
  camps and their camp has lost.
 Insufficient discussion or their point of view
  were not understood properly.
 More   complete information and knowledge.

 Increased   diversity of views.

 Increased   acceptance of a solution.

 Increased   legitimacy.
 Time   consuming.

 Pressures   to conform and fit in.

 Domination    by the few.



 Disagreements    may delay decisions and cause
 hard feelings.
 Good   technique for generating alternatives.
 Generates as many ideas as possible.
 It is meant to overcome pressures for
  conformity in the interacting group that
  retard the development of creative
  alternatives.
 No criticism is allowed.
 Think the unusual
 Problems:
 Production blocking
 Evaluation apprehension
 Restricts discussion or the interpersonal
  communication during decision making.
 Members operate independently.
Steps in Nominal group technique.
 Each member independently writes down his
  or her ideas on the problem.
 Each member presents one idea to the
  group.
 Group discusses the ideas for clarity and
  evaluates them.
 Ranks the ideas. Final decision is based on
  highest rank.
 Itis good when members fear criticism from
  others.
 Permits the group to meet formally but not
  restrict in independent thinking.
 Time   consuming.

 Similar   to nominal group technique.

Steps in delphi technique.
 Problem is identified and members are asked
  to provide solutions through questionnaires.
 Each member anonymously and
  independently completes the first
  questionnaire.
 Resultsare compiled at a central location,
 transcribed and produced.

 Each    member receives a copy of the results.

 Members     are again asked for the solutions.

 Steps
      are repeated until a consensus is
 reached.
 The Delphi technique is valuable in its ability
  to generate a number of independent
  judgements without the requirement of a
  face-to-face meeting.
 used for decision making among
  geographically scattered groups.
 The cost of bringing experts together at a
  central location is avoided.
 Time  consuming. Not applicable where a
  speedy decision is necessary.
 May not develop the rich array of
  alternatives as the interacting of nominal
  group technique does.
 Blends the nominal group technique with
  sophiscated computer technology.
 Participants type their responses on the
  computer screen.
 Advantages:
 Participants can anonymously type any message
  they want and it flashes on the screen.
 It allows people to be brutally honest without
  penalty.
 It is fast because discussions don't go off the
  point and many participants can "talk“ at once.
 Disadvantages:
 Those who can type fast can outshine those
  who are verbally eloquent but poor typists;
 Those with the best ideas don't get credit for
  them.
 The process lacks the information richness of
  face-to-face oral communication.
 Beforechoosing a group decision making
 technique, the manager carefully evaluates
 the group members and decision situation.
 Then the best method for accomplishing the
 objectives of the group decision making
 process can be selected.
Group decision making

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Group decision making

  • 2.  Managers believe they are success in doing group decision making , goal setting, problem solving.  Dynamics of group decision making.  More than consensus, take decision by authority.  Minority rule or by majority rule.
  • 3.  Decision by lack of response: also called plop method. Some one suggest an idea and without any deliberations it is rejected.  Decision by Authority rule: leader will make the ultimate decision. This method produce minimum involvement of the group. Leader must be very proficient.  Decision by minority rule: a single person can enforce the decision. Two or more members come to a quick and powerful agreement and implement it through chairman or powerful members of the group.
  • 4.  Decision by majority rule: if majority of participants feels the same way, then that decision is the best.  Difficult to implement this decision. 2 kinds of psychological barriers.  Minority feels that voting results in two camps and their camp has lost.  Insufficient discussion or their point of view were not understood properly.
  • 5.  More complete information and knowledge.  Increased diversity of views.  Increased acceptance of a solution.  Increased legitimacy.
  • 6.  Time consuming.  Pressures to conform and fit in.  Domination by the few.  Disagreements may delay decisions and cause hard feelings.
  • 7.  Good technique for generating alternatives.  Generates as many ideas as possible.  It is meant to overcome pressures for conformity in the interacting group that retard the development of creative alternatives.  No criticism is allowed.  Think the unusual
  • 8.  Problems:  Production blocking  Evaluation apprehension
  • 9.  Restricts discussion or the interpersonal communication during decision making.  Members operate independently. Steps in Nominal group technique.  Each member independently writes down his or her ideas on the problem.  Each member presents one idea to the group.  Group discusses the ideas for clarity and evaluates them.  Ranks the ideas. Final decision is based on highest rank.
  • 10.  Itis good when members fear criticism from others.  Permits the group to meet formally but not restrict in independent thinking.
  • 11.  Time consuming.  Similar to nominal group technique. Steps in delphi technique.  Problem is identified and members are asked to provide solutions through questionnaires.  Each member anonymously and independently completes the first questionnaire.
  • 12.  Resultsare compiled at a central location, transcribed and produced.  Each member receives a copy of the results.  Members are again asked for the solutions.  Steps are repeated until a consensus is reached.
  • 13.  The Delphi technique is valuable in its ability to generate a number of independent judgements without the requirement of a face-to-face meeting.  used for decision making among geographically scattered groups.  The cost of bringing experts together at a central location is avoided.
  • 14.  Time consuming. Not applicable where a speedy decision is necessary.  May not develop the rich array of alternatives as the interacting of nominal group technique does.
  • 15.  Blends the nominal group technique with sophiscated computer technology.  Participants type their responses on the computer screen.  Advantages:  Participants can anonymously type any message they want and it flashes on the screen.  It allows people to be brutally honest without penalty.  It is fast because discussions don't go off the point and many participants can "talk“ at once.
  • 16.  Disadvantages:  Those who can type fast can outshine those who are verbally eloquent but poor typists;  Those with the best ideas don't get credit for them.  The process lacks the information richness of face-to-face oral communication.
  • 17.  Beforechoosing a group decision making technique, the manager carefully evaluates the group members and decision situation. Then the best method for accomplishing the objectives of the group decision making process can be selected.