1. Land use planning as an important
component of IWRM plans
Prof. RNDr. László Miklós, DrSc.
Technical University in Zvolen, Slovakia
laszlo.miklos@savba.sk
miklos@vsld.tuzvo.sk

2. Content
1. Integration and integrated approach: basic questions
2. Institutional tools for integrated management in
Slovakia
3. Integration in planning processes
4. Key messages and opportunities

3. 1. Integration, integrated approach:
the basic questions

4. Integration, integrated approach:
the basic questions
The Command of the present days,
but at the same time
a fashion,
a favorite theme for politicians
Does everybody know, what is it about?

5. Integrated approach: Why?
There is a scientific evidence:
• The nature/landscape is an integrated system
(geo-system)
• All changes on one single element of this system
cause changes on all other elements

6. We need to understand that
• When you apply a good management for the
watershed protection, you protect at the same time the
biodiversity, the soil erosion, the water pollution from
agriculture, the microclimate for conservation, you
protect the erosion of the soil, the biodiversity.
• When you apply a wrong management for the soil, you
harm the water, the biota, etc.
The pressure of science:
The integrated management is needed for a complex care of
ecosystems

7. Agenda 21, Chapter 10:
Integrated approach to the management of land resources
There is only one landscape in the same space – it is to
be accepted by each sector.
Therefore an integrated approach is needed for its use.

8. Integrated approach: the object
• landscape
• geosystem
• ecosystem
• watershed
• territory
• region
• environment
• THE SPACE
A material reality! The terms are only words!

9. What is the integration in the watershed
management? (A water manager ´s approach)
Water managers: more administrative approach:
complex approach to both the surface and groundwater
Of course ! Nothing new.
solving problems in the whole hydrological watershed
Of course ! Nothing new.
involving all stakeholders and the public to solve the
problems
A new element of democracies!

10. What is the integration in the watershed
management? (An ecologist`s approach)
The ecologists criticize that the water managers
concentrate on water,
not to the vessel = the landscape,
where the water occures!
Landscape ecologists: scientific approach
Integration of all activities on the whole watershed !

11. The object for integration?
The the geosystem as a whole!
Not its single elements!

12. Integrated approach:
what to integrate?
What is possible to integrate? ? natural bodies – not
possible
? land use form – not
possible – all the forests,
fields, constructions,
industry, transport require
the territory
? land use mode - limited
? physical management -
limited – different sectors,
owners, users

13. Integrated approach:
what to integrate?
 The approach (a theorethical issue) – the policies
The use of similar argumentation and criteria for decision.
 The integrated information system on the
landscape
- should be the same for each sector
- based on GIS (INSPIRE)
 The management tools =
The tools of organisation of the territory – the process chain of:
planning > projecting > regulation > control

14. 2. Institutional tools for integrated management
in Slovakia
The tools for spatial planning

15. Tools for spatial organisation
= tools for integrated management
Competency of the Ministry of environment:
OP Nature conservation (territorial), NATURA 2000
KP Landscape-ecological planning (?), econet planning
IMP Management of the watersheds
FP Flood protection
IPPC - Integrated prevention and pollution control
Competency of other ministries:
ÚPN Territorial planning (M of Development / Ministry of Environment)
PPÚ Agricultural land arrangement (Ministry of Agriculture)
LHP
Forest management planning (Ministry of Agriculture)

16. Agenda 21, Chapter 10:
Integrated approach to the management of land resources
Integrated management of the natural resources: the goal
Integrated physical planning and management
must act as a
frame and basement
for each sectoral plan.

17. Agenda 21, Chapter 10:
Integrated approach to the management of land resources
“Government on the appropriate level … should:
Adopt planning and management systems that facilitate the
integration of environmental components such as air,
water, land and other natural resources, using landscape
ecological planning (LANDEP) or other approaches that
focus on, for example, ecosystem or a watershed.”).

18. Integrated planning and management:
An integrated plan =
a frame plan on the optimal organisation and utilisation
of the territory for
all sectors and
for the whole territory
= What,
where,
how ?

19. Basic problems of integrated and sectoral aproaches
- Sectoral approach is very strong and prevailing
- Resistance of the sectors (officers in the sectors) to be
integrated under any over-sectoral concept/ planning/
decision-making process
- Resistance of the sectoral plans (planners and designers)
to accept the nature and landscape limitations as obligatory
regulations
- Resistance of the public and municipal authorities to the
limits and obligations in favor of nature, landscape and the
environment
- Pressure of interest groups to decide in their favor
Different understanding of the concept of integration (rarely as
the integrative decision on the use of whole landscape for
each sector)

20. 3. Integration in planning processes
Case of Slovakia

21. The Act 7/2010 Z.z. on Flood Protection
prescribes:
 The Landscape-ecological base of the integrated
management of the landscape =
the integrated information system
 Preventive measures for flood protection
 The measures slowing the run-off, increase the retention, natural accumulation.
 The key element for integration:
the Territorial System of Ecological Stability TSES =
bicorridors, biocentres, eco-stabilising measures
 The measures act as obligatory regulatives
in territorial plans

22. Provisions of the Act 7/2010 Z.z. on Flood Protection
§ 9 Coordination of the plan of the management of flood risk with the
watershed management plan and with the other spatial planning
 land arrangement
 plan of the flood projects,
risk
management shall be
coordinated  territorial plans
 watershed with the
management
plan  forest management
plans;
They alltogether will constitute the tool of
integrated landscape management
on the whole territory of the watershed.

23. Scheme of the sequence in the integrated landscape management
Integrated landscape management
Integrated management of the Integrated
watersheds management of the
National Water plan protected area
Territorial
Watershed management planning Land
Management of the arrangement Forrest
flood risk plans
Landscape planning
TSES
INTEGRATED SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
= basement for the integrated landscape management
GIS based Atlas-es, Catalogues (INSPIRE)
Geoecosystems = Landscape-ecological complexes
Abiocomplexes
Abiocomplexes Biocomplexes Socio-economic compexes

24. 4. Key messages and opportunities

25. Provisions of AGENDA 21
• Unified complex information system
based on GIS
• Landscape plans
as legal, obligatory framework and
obligatory measure for each sectoral plan
including
for water management plans.

26. Where and how to use the land?
What, where and how?

27. There is still a lot of work
for all of us!!!
Thank you for your attention!