The document discusses the roles of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in international fire management. It outlines FAO's efforts to facilitate international cooperation through strategies and guidelines. It also describes FAO's work to build national capacity and provide global access to fire information through its Global Fire Information Management System (GFIMS).
4. Role of FAO: international strategy Strategy to Enhance International Cooperation in Fire Management Fire Management Voluntary guidelines. Fire Management Actions Alliance Global assessment 2006 Review of international cooperation 2006
18. Aggregated Land Cover (2007) from the GLCN-Regional Harmonization Programme: http://www.glcn.org/activities/rhap_en.jsp Active fires from GFIMS Nepal fires by major land cover (%) Nepal Himalaya Region fires #
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Hinweis der Redaktion
Introduction Over the past 20 years, FAO has produced more than 100 reports on forest fires and implemented more than 60 field projects in some 40 countries, supported by the FAO Technical Cooperation Programme, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and a number of bilateral donors. In the past these projects mostly took place at national level, although some regional activities were organized in the Mediterranean. Fire management activities by FAO are increasingly being developed at global level, like the coordination of a strategy to enhance international cooperation in fire management. The different roles of FAO in fire management can now be described as: Facilitating the development and implementation of global and regional strategies, Producing and facilitating global access to fire management data and information Building capacity at national and regional levels Enhancing international cooperation in fire management. Most activities in fire management developed by FAO are implemented through partnerships and with a participatory and integrated approach.
The following is an outline for a template of areas that need to be considered when countries are developing international cooperative agreements. There may be other areas that need definition and consideration besides those listed below. This template is drawn from an annex of a UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) document Legal Frameworks for Forest Fire Management: International Agreements and National Legislation . This FAO document provides excellent reference materials, which should be reviewed prior to entering into international agreements. Developing countries will require special consideration because they may not be able to reciprocate in a partnership as fully as a developed country can. The important role of Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) should be considered as part of any bilateral or regional assistance arrangement. It is strongly recommended that the parties to a mutual assistance agreement should exercise the agreement through exchanges, field exercises Outline for international cooperative agreements 1. Parties to the agreement • includes governmental and non-governmental agencies and organizations at a variety of levels; 2. Purpose • defines areas and forms of cooperation; • defines the scope of the cooperation; 3. Definition of terms • defines terms used in the agreement; 4. Expenses and costs • defines how personnel costs will be set for payments; • defines how equipment cost use will be set; • sets the procedures, amount and criteria for reimbursement of costs; • Under certain agreements, all parties may agree to assist each other on a mutual aid, non-reimbursable basis. 5. Information and coordination • defines the protocols and methods for coordinating and exchanging information; • defines the types, amount and timing of information exchange; • sets the notification procedures for emergencies or for other significant events; • defines methods of coordination and under what organizational structure the work will take place; 6. Liabilities, claims and compensation • lists and defines how and when the cross-waivers and exemptions are used; • lists and defines those areas or circumstances in which the exemptions do not apply; • outlines remediation for third-party damage; • defines the protocols and procedures for medical assistance and possible evacuation of injured personnel; • defines the timing, levels and limitations of compensation for injury or death; • defines privileges and immunities of the assisting personnel;
7. Operating plans/operational guidelines • provides for operating plans/operational guidelines – Such plans and guidelines are a critical component of all cooperative agreements. They should be carefully crafted and reviewed by all parties to the agreement. 8. Border crossings • sets protocols and procedures for border-crossing, immigration and customs procedures; 9. Link to disaster management plan for the receiving country 10. General provisions • entry into force of the agreement – defines when agreement is activated; • specifies how long the agreement will remain in force; • defines how countries or organizations can withdraw from the agreement; • defines under what circumstances the agreement will terminate; • provides understandings and interpretations for countries and organizations concerning the circumstances and limitations under which each party is entering into the agreement; • defines the method of dispute resolution; • defines when and how amendments to the agreement may be submitted, reviewed and acted upon; 11. Standard operational procedures 12. Other provisions • provides the opportunity for any country, agency or organization signing this agreement to define other areas of cooperation; 13. Participating countries/agencies/organizations signature page • It is important that all potential participants review and confirm their authorities to sign such an agreement.