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An Assessment of Environmental Impact of Sugar Mills in District Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of M. Phil in Zoology. By Saghir Ahmad Roll No. 1 Session 2005-2007 INSTITUTE OF PURE AND APPLIED BIOLOGY BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY, MULTAN
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ,[object Object]
Materials and Methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
KEY: JDW Sugar Mills  Hamza Sugar Mills  United Sugar Mills  Ettehad Sugar Mills
JDW Sugar Mills
Sampling Sites  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Saim- Nullah near Humza Sugar Mills
Sampling Duration and Analysis  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Figure 1:  Showing average monthly variation of EC in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
Figure 2: Showing monthly variation of Ca++, Mg++ in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
Figure 3: Showing monthly variation of sodium in water at JDW Sugar Mills (Pvt.) Limited
Figure 4: Showing Monthly variation of Bi-carbonate in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
Figure 5: Showing monthly variation of sodium absorption ratio (SAR) in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
Figure 6: Showing monthly variation of Chloride in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
Figure 7:  Showing monthly variation of EC in water at Humza Sugar Mills
Figure 8: Showing monthly variation of Ca++, Mg++ in water at Humza Sugar Mills
Figure 9:  Showing monthly variation of Chlorides in water at Humza Sugar Mills
Figure 10: Showing Monthly variation of sodium in water at Humza Sugar Mills.
Figure 11: Showing monthly variation of SAR in water at Humza Sugar Mills.
Figure 12: Showing monthly variation of Bi-carbonates in water at Humza Sugar Mills.
Figure 13: Showing monthly variation of overall Parameters in water at United Sugar Mills.
 
Figure 15: Graph showing monthly  depth wise (6” –  48”) EC comparison  in soil samples taken from JDW Sugar Mills  effluent sites. EC at 6” EC at 12” EC at 18” EC at 24” EC at 30” EC at 36” EC at 48” Figure 15: Graph showing monthly  depth wise (6” –  48”) EC comparison  in soil samples taken from JDW Sugar Mills  effluent sites. Depth wise
pH at 6” pH at 12” pH at 18” pH at 24” pH at 30” pH at 36” Depth wise Figure 16: Graph showing monthly depth wise (6” – 48”) pH comparison  in soil samples taken from JDW Sugar Mills effluent sites.
DISCUSSION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONCLUSION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RECOMMENDATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object]
QUESTIONS ?

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Viva presentation

  • 1. An Assessment of Environmental Impact of Sugar Mills in District Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of M. Phil in Zoology. By Saghir Ahmad Roll No. 1 Session 2005-2007 INSTITUTE OF PURE AND APPLIED BIOLOGY BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY, MULTAN
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  • 5. KEY: JDW Sugar Mills Hamza Sugar Mills United Sugar Mills Ettehad Sugar Mills
  • 7.
  • 8. Saim- Nullah near Humza Sugar Mills
  • 9.
  • 10. Figure 1: Showing average monthly variation of EC in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
  • 11. Figure 2: Showing monthly variation of Ca++, Mg++ in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
  • 12. Figure 3: Showing monthly variation of sodium in water at JDW Sugar Mills (Pvt.) Limited
  • 13. Figure 4: Showing Monthly variation of Bi-carbonate in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
  • 14. Figure 5: Showing monthly variation of sodium absorption ratio (SAR) in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
  • 15. Figure 6: Showing monthly variation of Chloride in water at JDW Sugar Mills.
  • 16. Figure 7: Showing monthly variation of EC in water at Humza Sugar Mills
  • 17. Figure 8: Showing monthly variation of Ca++, Mg++ in water at Humza Sugar Mills
  • 18. Figure 9: Showing monthly variation of Chlorides in water at Humza Sugar Mills
  • 19. Figure 10: Showing Monthly variation of sodium in water at Humza Sugar Mills.
  • 20. Figure 11: Showing monthly variation of SAR in water at Humza Sugar Mills.
  • 21. Figure 12: Showing monthly variation of Bi-carbonates in water at Humza Sugar Mills.
  • 22. Figure 13: Showing monthly variation of overall Parameters in water at United Sugar Mills.
  • 23.  
  • 24. Figure 15: Graph showing monthly depth wise (6” – 48”) EC comparison in soil samples taken from JDW Sugar Mills effluent sites. EC at 6” EC at 12” EC at 18” EC at 24” EC at 30” EC at 36” EC at 48” Figure 15: Graph showing monthly depth wise (6” – 48”) EC comparison in soil samples taken from JDW Sugar Mills effluent sites. Depth wise
  • 25. pH at 6” pH at 12” pH at 18” pH at 24” pH at 30” pH at 36” Depth wise Figure 16: Graph showing monthly depth wise (6” – 48”) pH comparison in soil samples taken from JDW Sugar Mills effluent sites.
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  • 28.