This presentation is answering the questions of chapter 11 from Jack Meredith's book,'Project Management', and is about how a project can and has to be controlled.

1. Master student: Marius Miron
2014

2. “Man does not plan to fail, he just fails to plan.”
Anonymous
Murphy’s law: “If anything can go wrong, it will.”

3. The aim of this presentation is to answer the following questions:
1.What is the purpose of control? To what is it
directed?
-the purpose:
 the regulation of results through the alteration of activities
 the stewardship of organizational assets
-control is the act of reducing the difference between plan and
reality, hence it is in relation to physical assets, human and
financial resources from initial planning and further to
termination of a project.
Control
Performance Cost Time

4. 2.What are the three main types of control system?
What question would a control system answer?
A. Cybernetic system control
-negative feedback loop
-path for correction
of deviation P from S

5. B. Go/no-go control system
A & B are directed to ongoing projects
Checkpoints
plan budget schedule
control
Pass=GO No pass=No-go

6. C. Postcontrol
- applied after the fact
-may become a problem if the specification of a project have
not being met
-risk: “locking the barn after the horse has been stolen”
-directed to improving the chances for future projects to
meet their goals
OBS: whatever work is planned,
will also have to be controlled

7. 3.What tools are available to the PM to use in controlling a
project? Identify some characteristics of a good control
system.
source: PMBOK

8. Tools: Critical ratio control chart
 (actual progress/scheduled progress) x (budgeted
cost/actual cost)

9. Tools: Critical ratio control limits

10. Tools: Cost/time chart

11. Tools: Cost control chart

12. Tools: Pareto-diagrams

13. 4.What is the mathematical expression for the critical ratio?
What does it tell a manager?
 (actual progress/scheduled progress) x (budgeted
cost/actual cost)
 “good” or “bad”?

14. 5.Describe the relationship between motivation and control.
Control systems have a close relationship to motivation and
should be well-balanced:
 cost-effective
 appropriate to the desired end results
 not overdone.

15. 6.How is creativity control?
The approaches to the control of creativity are:
 process review
 personnel reassignment
 control of inputs.

16. 7.What are go/no-go gauges?
-are tools that tell to an inspector if an object’s
dimension is within certain limits.
-can be any measure that allows a manager to decide
whether to continue, change, or terminate an activity
or a project.

17. 8.What is a champion?
Champion
 A person with organizational clout who takes
on personal responsibility (though not usually day-to-
day management) for the successful completion of a
project for the organization.

18. 9. Describe a cybernetic control system.

19. 10.What should the postcontrol report include?
- Project objectives
–Milestones and budgets
–Final project results
–Recommendations for improvement

20. 11.How should change be controlled?
Acknowledge
Assess
Accept
Approve

21. 12.Describe the quality(or phase)-gate process

22. “If you are solving problems faster than they are arriving to be
solved, you have the project under control. If not, you
haven’t.”