The document discusses climate change adaptation strategies for Egypt's agricultural sector. It notes that agriculture has the lowest greenhouse gas emissions but will be impacted by increases in temperature, rain, drought and sea level rise. Some strategies proposed include: 1. Improving field irrigation through modernizing irrigation canals and pipes to reduce water loss. 2. Developing early ripening varieties of crops like rice, wheat, and corn to rationalize water consumption. 3. Continuing to develop more efficient agricultural methods and cultivars to meet crop water demands under new conditions.

1. Climate change adaptation for
Egypt’s agricultural sector
Dr. Fadl Hashem
Executive Director of Climate Change Information
Center & Renewable Energy (CCICRE),
Cairo, 2017

2. The agricultural sector:
Lowest percentage of greenhouse gases

3. Emissions per category for the
AFOLU sector, 2015

4.  Increase of Temperature
 Increase of rain
 Increase of drought
 Sea level rise
 Food shortage
‫المناخية‬ ‫التغيرات‬
–
‫ديسمبر‬
2010
–
‫د‬
.
‫قطب‬ ‫مسعد‬

8. 1
Improving and developing field
irrigation through the development
of irrigation canals and irrigators in
old lands using PVC valves and
pipes under pressure, because lost
water on the field level reaches
sometimes up to 20%.
8

9. 9

10. Developing an early ripening varieties to rationalize water
consumption of strategic crops
 Continue the development of varieties and high production hybrids rice
tolerant to adverse conditions and short-lived (120-125 days) instead of
(155-165 days) early from the old varieties by about (30-45 days).
 The development of varieties of early ripening wheat to be harvested from
the second half of April instead of the old varieties that are harvested in late
May, leading to the escaping one-time irrigation of wheat irrigation.
 The development of early ripening individual and tripartite hybrids of white
and yellow corn after 105 days instead of 130 days, leading to escaping at
least one-time irrigation.
 The development of varieties of beans (and some other legume crops) with
a few water needs.
10
2

11. ‫سدس‬
12
‫النمو‬ ‫ة‬
‫فتر‬
:
150
‫يوم‬
‫مصر‬
1
‫النمو‬ ‫ة‬
‫فتر‬
:
150
‫يوم‬
‫ة‬
‫جميز‬
11
‫النمو‬ ‫ة‬
‫فتر‬
:
153
‫يوم‬
‫سويف‬ ‫بني‬
5
‫النمو‬ ‫ة‬
‫فتر‬
:
153
‫يوم‬

12. 12
‫سخا‬
103
‫سخا‬
103
Growth period:
120 day
‫سخا‬
107
‫النمو‬ ‫ة‬
‫فتر‬
:
125
‫يوم‬
‫جيزة‬
179
‫النمو‬ ‫ة‬
‫فتر‬
:
120
‫يوم‬
•
‫مصرى‬ ‫هجين‬
1
•
‫النمو‬
:
130
‫يوم‬

13.  Continued development and modernization of
agricultural methods that will lead to providing crop water
demands.
Cultivating wheat on benches lead to the provision of
irrigation water to about 20%, in addition to providing
seeds used in agriculture, increasing the efficiency of
fertilizers use, especially nitrogen fertilizer and increasing
branching and the size of spikes.
This requires intensifying awareness and extension
campaigns carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture to
enable wheat farmers in Egypt to adopt "benches"
cultivation method on the area allocated for wheat.
13
3

14. 14

15. 4
 Soil conditioner is manufactured from
petroleum materials (Polymers
compost material) and shale and used
in the newly reclaimed lands.
 These materials have high ability to
retain a large amount of water.
 35% of irrigation water is provided.
 The effectiveness of this material lasts
for up to 4 years.
‫الزراعية‬ ‫البحوث‬ ‫بمركز‬ ‫االنتاجية‬ ‫الوحدة‬ 15

16. Climate data
Valve to operate
the system
Irrigation through modern irrigation network
Humidity control by ground
humidity measuring devices
The closure of
the plant
depending on
the soil water
content
Management
Software
Use ATMs
communication to
run the irrigation
system

17. • Remote sensing, GIS/GPS
• Biotechnology/genetic engineering
• Simulation modeling
•Advanced artificial intelligence
• Renewable energy: solar, wind, biofuel
•New energy-saving techniques for
desalination and water transportation
• Nanotechnology

18. Conclusion
1- Increased water demands:
Needs: On-Farm Irrigation Development in the Old-
land (OFIDO)
2- Sea level rise on the Nile Delta
Needs: Develop a number of strategic national
action plans for the possible adaptation of the
rural community in the region under the risk of
SLR.
3- Increased temperature
Needs: Development of heat tolerant cultivars

19. Thank You
Fadl_hashem@yahoo.com