In this paper & presentation, i have cover Manufacturing and its content, Import, and export in the USA and then comparing the USA vs India on Manufacturing, imports, & exports etc.

1. Manufacturing,
Import & Export
HARBANS SINGH BUTTAR

2. Manufacturing
 Manufacturing can be described as the process of converting raw
material into finished products by hand or machinery.
 Manufacturing is the act of producing something by using
mechanical power or machinery with the use of labor.
 The manufacturing method is essentially a complex activity,
involved wide range of machinery, tools, and equipment with
numerous levels of automation, like computers, robots, and different
equipment.

3. History of Manufacturing
 Industrial revolution started in the 18th century in England
 Extended to neighboring nations like France and Germany
 In late 18th century industrial revolution came to United States
 The impact of changing the way items were manufactured had a
wide reach
 Industries such as textile manufacturing, mining, glass making and
agriculture had all undergone changes
 Machinery such as the spinning wheel to produce textiles, the water
wheel used to power machinery and the steam engine were invented

4. Role of Technology in the Manufacturing
 Technology made significant changes to the manufacturing field
 Manufacturing companies are utilizing technology in new and exciting ways to
make production more effective and efficient
 Tasks that at one time involved manual labor are now mechanized and automated
by computer systems
 In addition to being high-tech, today's production facilities are clean and inviting
workplaces
 New Manufacturing technology that changed the world
 3D printing, Nanotechnology, the internet of things, cloud computing, big data and
predictive maintenance technology

5. Role of IT in manufacturing
 IT plays an essential part in different areas of industry and It make production process
simple and more computerized
 IT helps drastically in delivering just-in-time insights, swift visibility, and seamless
innovation for implementing new age solutions
 IT plays an important role in various sectors and industries. Similarly, IT strives to
make things simpler in the manufacturing sector as well
 It help to achieve these goals such as Rapid shift in production from one product to
another, Faster implementation of new concepts in products
 Faster delivery of products to customers, More interactions with customers, Full
utilization of capital and human resources, focus on essential business needs
 Elimination of unnecessary or wasteful activities ,development and implementation of
it to meet these goals

6. History of technology
 Technology changes mankind’s history
 From Establishment of Neolithic farming and food-storage
techniques
 To the development of metallurgy, weaving, printing, and
electronics, history and technology
 The role of the stirrup in the Middle Ages, gunpowder in the
thirteenth century,
 Printing in the fifteenth, the steam engine in the eighteenth,
 Factories in the nineteenth, and nuclear power in the twentieth

7. Role of Technology in industries
 Automobiles: Technology has increasingly altered the manufacturing
process for motor vehicles
 Modern technologies used in advancing manufacturing for the
automotive industry include
 Programmable machines and tools, Supercomputing; Advanced
forging techniques
 Over the last 25 years, automation technology has become an
essential part of automobile assembly plants.
 Typical assembly plant uses several hundred robots to build and
paint the vehicle frame

8. Cont.……
 Textiles: innovation made machines processing simple, speedy and
efficient
 Technology like CAD, CAM, IT and Production Management
encourage numerous adjustments in the women’s style and material
industry
 Process technology to new modes of clothing production based on
the systems cost and productivity
 Petroleum: 3D technology help to find and create oil & gas asset
 3D increase success rate to find fewer well, less surface disturbance
and waste

9. Effect of Import on Economy
 Imports are the goods and services that are bought by residents,
governments or businesses of a country, but made outside of the country
 Most nations in this world would like to import less and export more
 The country import to keep fulfill the needs of population and production
industry
 A country with a higher level of imports needs to increase their currency
reserve to pay the due of imports
 Any country like to become an exporter instead of an importer
 Import give competition to its local companies, who always want to sell
more, whether it is locally or overseas

10. What does United States Import?
 In 2015 the USA imported goods of $2.273 trillion goods
 Capital goods are the largest category which consists of $599 billion
 Consumer good just covers $ 596 billion
 Automobiles covers $348 billion
 The food and Beverage cover $128 billion
 US imports $489 billion in services
 More than half of U.S. import comes from these five countries:
China, Canada, Mexico, Japan, and Germany

11. Industry Regulations
 Automobiles: The global auto industry faces change in manufacturing
technique due to innovations and change in demand for vehicles
 A new technique of labor utilizations also develops new ways to adjust
flexible manufacturing practices
 Automobile manufacturer using new manufacturing process for
redesigning vehicles to meet the unending change in taste and preferences
of consumers
 Automobile industry also facing environmental concerns which are
included like carbon dioxide and other health risks
 Textiles: Textiles must label with this following information like the fiber
content, manufacturer or dealer identity, the care instructions and the
country of origin

12. Cont.…..
 Care instruction must be attached permanently to the item
 Labeling is not required until the final product is ready to reach final buyer
 Petroleum: The oil industry is counted among big industry and placed on
top ten largest industry
 Due to diplomacy-free trade among friendly nations is forced
 In the 1930s the USA energy market started and continued to 1970s
 Many major laws and executive actions are made to restrict competition,
control fuel prices, and limit imports

13. Importance of Export
 Exports can be simply defined as the process of shipping or
transferring goods or service produced in one country to another
country for future trade or sale
 a) Employment: - Development in exports can make the new
employment opportunity
 b) Economic growth: - Exports are a part of total demand. Rising
exports will build aggregate demand and cause higher financial
development
 c) Current account deficit: - The quality of export has a big part in
deciding the present record deficiency

14. What does United States Export?
 In 2015 the USA exported goods of $1.598 trillion goods
 Capital goods are the largest category which consists of $538 billion
 Consumer good just covers $ 198 billion
 Industry supply covers $428 billion
 The food and Beverage cover $128 billion
 Automobile contribute 10% of all goods exports
 US export is contributing one-third in service
 More than half of U.S. export goes to these five countries: China, Canada,
Mexico, Japan, and Germany

15. Industry Regulations
 Automobiles: Export of vehicles from the United States must comply with all
United States statutes and regulations related to exportation
 These regulations do not prohibit the export of new cars. Instead, they establish
rules for exporting used cars
 A company that engages in the exportation of cars must present vehicle and its
identification number documents
 Petroleum: In the 1970s when congress made it illegal to trade locally produced
unrefined petroleum without a permit
 The reason of the enactment was to moderate local oil holds and discourage the
foreign importer
 But in simple words, this rule does not help to achieve any of the targets

16. Cont.….
 It has now turned out to be to a greater extent a prevention than an
assistance.
 Textiles: The United States is an internationally competitive maker
of Textiles.
 Textile industry specialists are talented and the business is best in
class, with investments of $1.6 billion in all out capital uses in 2013
 As of late, U.S. textiles organizations have concentrated on retooling
their organizations
 Discovering more powerful work procedures, and putting resources
into specialty items and markets.

17. USA vs India
 Volume: Indian auto industry is currently producing approximately 24
million vehicles in April- March 2016
 There is a growth rate of 2.58% from last years production
 The vehicles produce in India include commercial vehicles, passenger
vehicles, three wheelers, two wheelers etc.
 In USA total car sales are approximately 4.3 million and decline by 7.7%
 Light-duty trucks total sales is approximately 6 million and increase by
9.1%
 Total SUV/Cross-over total sales is approximately 3.8 million and it raise
by 8%.

18. Major Industries
India
 Retail and Wholesale trade = 23%
 Agriculture = 15.7% of GDP
 Real Estate = 13.5%
 Banking & Insurance = 10%
 IT & ITES industry = 9%
 Transportation = 8.5%
 Machinery = 8%
USA
 Real Estate = 13% of GDP
 Professional & Business service =
12%
 State & Local Government = 9.1%
 Finance & Insurance = 7.2%
 Healthcare = 7.1%
 Durable Goods = 6.5%
 Wholesale trade = 6%

19. Major Imports
India
 OIL = 26.8% of total imports
 Gems & Precious Metal = 15.3%
 Electronic Equipment = 9.2%
 Machinery = 8.2%
 Organic Chemicals = 4.1%
 Iron & Steel = 3%
 Plastics = 2.9%
USA
 Electronic Equipment = 14.4%
 Machinery = 14.3%
 Vehicles = 12.3%
 OIL = 8.7%
 Pharmaceuticals = 3.7%
 Medical & Technical equipment's =
3.4%
 Furniture & Lighting = 2.6%

20. Major Exports
India
 Gems & Precious Metal = 14.7% of
total exports
 OIL = 26.8%
 Vehicles = 5.3%
 Machinery = 5%
 Pharmaceuticals = 4.7%
 Organic Chemicals = 4.3%
 Clothing = 3.5%
USA
 Machinery = 13.7%
 Electronic Equipment = 11.3%
 Aircraft = 8.7%
 Vehicles = 8.4%
 Oil = 7.1%
 Medical & technical = 5.5%
 Plastics = 4%