Would you bet on restoration?
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Managing the earth system through landscape approaches
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Would you bet on restoration?
- 1. Would you bet on restoration? Managing the earth system through landscape approaches
- 3. I want you to panic.
- 4. The UNFCCC has failed.
- 9. Agriculture, Forestry, Land Use emissions IPCC AR6 (2014) • ¼ of global emissions! • Cheap / negative cost to drive to 0 ! • Can act as a net sink !
- 10. Jordán, A. (2015) European Geosciences Union Land degradation
- 12. 12
- 13. Cost of land degradation • ELD estimate: –$ 10.6 tn p.a. ! –17% of global GDP ! • Consensus that the costs are highest in arid semi-aird and sub-humid regions of Sub- Saharan Africa
- 16. Northern Tigray, Ethiopia, 1980s
- 17. Gergera, Northern Tigray, 2018 Imagination, demonstration and belief
- 19. These ca. 10 million hectares of new agroforest parklands are yielding ca. 1,000,000 tonnes more than before. (Reij, 2012; Tappan, 2017) Zinder today
- 20. What explains this? Is it the chemicals? Is it the tractors? Is it the money? No. It’s just the management
- 21. • Cost of restoration in Niger: < 20 $/ Ha ! –Scaling-up FMNR in Maradi:$ 14/Ha. –Annual labor costs low Place & Binam (2013) And that means it can be cheap. Dirt cheap.
- 22. What do we think we need to get to paradise?
- 23. Smallholders. “Asia’s post-war miracle economies emerged by following a recipe with just three ingredients: land reform; export- led, state-backed manufacturing; and financial repression. The process began with the ousting of the landlords. Feudal estates were broken up and divided among small farmers, who also received cheap credit and valuable advice. Smallholder farming requires “grotesque” amounts of labour. But that is a good thing, because countries as poor as Taiwan or South Korea were in the 1950s have labour—and only labour—in abundance." -- The Economist, July 2013 The same applies to today's LDCs.
- 24. FAO, State of Food and Agriculture 2014 Selected yields by farm size Smallest ¼ of all farms Largest ¼ of all farms
- 25. Trust and good governance Imagination, demonstration, belief… And governance !
- 27. Trees.
- 28. Brazil: oil palm, banana, coffee, timber…
- 29. Burkina Faso: Shea parklands
- 30. Liagre F., personal communication France: wheat, timber
- 31. Arctic taiga: meat, timber, wood pellets
- 32. Densidade: UD1: 81 pl/hectare UD2 e Conv: 99 plantas/hectare * * 98% 125% 27% 14% 71% 149% 99% 49% 0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 12,0 14,0 2011 2012 2013 2014 SAF Biodiverso UD1 SAF Biodiverso UD3 ProduçãodoDendê(ton/hectare) PROJETO SAF DENDÊ Produtividade de Dendê Resultado esperado t/ha(FFB) Year 4 (2011) Year 5 (2012) Year 6 (2013) Year 7 (2014) Castellani et al 2014, Internal Report Oil palm agroforestry Plot 1 (81 pl/ha) ) Oil palm agroforestry Plot 2 (99 pl/ha) Monocrop oil palm* (considering 99 pl/ha) *Average yields at the same age in the same region according to Perez et al. 2007 Viabilidade de extração de óleo de dendê no Estado do Pará. Viçosa, UFV. 2007. http://portal.mda.gov.br/portal/saf/arquivos/view/biodisel/18_-_Dende.pdf Oil palm agroforestry
- 33. 13 Farmer plot management Sampling Frequency Mean (Kg/Ha) Standard error Maize without fertiliser 36 1322 220.33 Maize with fertiliser 213 1736 118.95 Maize with fertiliser trees 72 3053 359.8 Maize with fertiliser trees & fertiliser 135 3071 264.31 2009/2010 season; data from 6 Malawian districts Mwalwanda, A.B., O. Ajayi, F.K. Akinnifesi, T. Beedy, Sileshi G, and G. Chiundu 2010 Malawi agroforestry
- 34. Opportunity: restore productivity and function
- 35. But, if this is the future...
- 36. … why does the world tend to this?
- 37. Patrick Worms Senior Science Policy Advisor p.worms@cgiar.org WhatsApp +32 495 24 46 11 https://www.facebook.com/pworms
Hinweis der Redaktion
- … or here, in France.
- Second, for almost as many months, its ground is bare. If the wind blows, it looks like this.
- Aberdeen, South Africa – 4x more livestock on the left
- 900 HHS, 1350 youths came back over a few years. Private sector growth.
- Gergea water table. Water table went up from -15 m to -1m. They give 2 months/yr.
- … this astonishing graph from the FAO. They found that no matter which crop or which country you look at, the smallest quartile of farms always outperforms the largest quartile of farms, sometimes by huge amounts. The reason is simple. Small farmers already use the most advanced precision agriculture tool available:
- Gergea water table. Water table went up from -15 m to -1m. They give 2 months/yr.
- Oil palm agroforestry in Brazil
- Walnut and what agroforestry in France
- One of the world’s largest agroforestry systems: reindeer in the northern taiga. The animals’ dejections fertiise the trees, whose protection helps fodder grow.