2. ⢠Science Behind SchedulingTopic
⢠One HourPlanned Duration
⢠Open
Type of
Interaction
⢠Management Sciences
Area of
Knowledge
3. Definition
â˘Brief History and Evaluation of Scheduling
â˘What is Scheduling
Explanation
â˘Definition of related terms
â˘The Process of Schedule Development
Example
â˘Practical
4. The concept of Scheduling is not new; Sun Tzu
wrote about scheduling and strategy about
5000 years ago from a military prospective
Pyramids in Egypt (3000 years ago approx),
Transcontinental railways (200 years) ago;
None of these could have been accomplished
without some sort of scheduling i.e.,
understanding of activities and sequencing.
5. Henry L Gantt An American engineer and social scientist
invented a bar chart which we know as Gantt Chart - 1917
Kelley and Walker invented CPM -1956-57
The Pert Project invented the name âCritical Pathâ and
everyone else borrowed it -1957
In 1968 PERT and CPM emerged as a standard
nomenclatures
Dr. Fondhal invented a non- computerized methodology for
scheduling which is being used by every scheduling
computer package today (Precedence Diagramming Method
-1977 )
The Science of Scheduling as defined by Critical Path
Analysis âCPAâ celebrated its 50th Anniversary in 2007.
6. ď˝ The term Schedule means
ď˝ Arrange or plan (an event) to take place at a
particular time.
ď˝ Make arrangements for (someone or
something) to do something.
7. ď˝ Work Breakdown Structure
ď˝ Work Package
ď˝ Decomposition
ď˝ Rolling Wave Planning
ď˝ Schedule Compression
⌠Crashing
⌠Fast Tracking
9. ď˝ According to Project Management Institute, The
Following is the process from Start to End in order to
create a Project Schedule
ď˝ Activity Definition
ď˝ Activity Sequencing
ď˝ Activity Resource Estimating
ď˝ Activity Duration Estimating
ď˝ Schedule Development
ď˝ Schedule Control
10. ď˝ Activity Definition is a process of defining
the Activities which are part of scope of
work in order to complete the Project
ď˝ We drive the following things after Activity
Definition process
⌠Activity List
⌠Activity Attributes
⌠Milestone List
11. ď˝ For Activity Sequencing , different
Techniques can be used which are
⌠Precedence Diagramming Method (AON)
⌠Activities can have four types of
dependencies under this method which
are
ď Finish to Start
ď Start to Start
ď Start to Finish
ď Finish to Finish
12. ⌠Arrow Diagramming Method
⌠Activities can have one type of
dependency under this method which is
ď Finish to Start
13. ď˝ Durations in Project Network Diagram are
calculated by using the following
ď˝ Early Start
ď˝ Early Finish
ď˝ Late Start
ď˝ Late Finish
ď˝ Forward Pass Calculation
ď˝ Backward Pass Calculation
14. ď˝ Activity Resource Estimation is a
process where the resources
(physical, human, infrastructure) are
determined
ď˝ Top down or
ď˝ Bottom up
ď˝ Estimation
15. ď˝ Activity Duration Estimation is a process where
the duration against each Activity is calculated.
ď˝ Following Techniques can be used to calculated
Duration for activity
⌠Analogous Estimating
⌠Parametric Estimating
⌠Three Point Estimate or PERT Estimate
ď˝ Reserve Analysis
18. ⌠Following are some methods to develop
the Project Schedule
⌠Project Network Diagram Method
⌠Critical Path Method, longest path in
project network diagram
⌠Critical Chain Method , adjusted schedule
after incorporating dead lines and
resources constraints in critical path
method
19.
20. ď˝ Suppose we have a project with Following
Activities
ď˝ Start
ď˝ Requirement Analysis -TASK 1 â 3 Days
ď˝ Development - TASK 2 â 10 Days
ď˝ Installation - TASK 3 - 6 Days
ď˝ Deployment - TASK 4 - 8 Days
ď˝ UAT - TASK 5 - 4 Days
ď˝ Close
21. ď˝ Second Step would be to find the
dependencies among activities and draw a
network diagram
ď˝ Lets say we have only Finish to Start
Relationship between activities as under
ď˝ Start-TASK 1-TASK 2- TASK 5-End
ď˝ Start âTASK 1-TASK3-TASK4-TASK5-End
22. ď˝ Let us Calculate Early Start and Early Finish of
Theses Tasks by Forward Pass.