Enabling resilient, equitable smallholder farming systems through improved agricultural land and water management (ALWM)
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By Meredith Giordano, IWMI.
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Enabling resilient, equitable smallholder farming systems through improved agricultural land and water management (ALWM)
- 1. Enabling resilient, equitable smallholder farming systems through improved agricultural land and water management (ALWM)
- 2. Smallholder ALWM: A vibrant and growing sector Smallholder farmers are increasingly initiating and financing small-scale land and water management technologies themselves, e.g.: • In India > 50% of the irrigated area watered by smallholder pumps. • In much of Africa, smallholder AWM reaches more farmers than public irrigation. Farmers’ reliance on different types of irrigation in Ghana
- 3. Smallholder ALWM: Potential to impact millions Source: Adapted from Giordano et al. 2012
- 4. Livelihood benefits: Employment, empowerment and labor saving opportunities Irrigation Service Providers: Local entrepreneur owns 1+ pumps. Paid per hour for irrigation. Potential Benefits: • Incomes for entrepreneurs • Income from dry season crops for farmers Conservation agriculture for home gardens: Conservation agriculture (mulching, low till, drip irrigation) in home gardens can: • Save labor, water • Improve yield quantity and quality • Empower women
- 5. Nutrition outcomes: Improved food security and dietary quality • In general, irrigators perform better than non-irrigators in terms of household food security and dietary diversity • Irrigation significantly improves both household income and production diversity • Increasing household income leads to higher dietary diversity
- 6. The opportunity • India has 130,000 GW of installed pumping capacity in the form of electric and diesel tube wells • Sustainable solar irrigation pumps with feed-in tariff for selling excess electricity to the grid Triple wins • Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions • Sustainable use of groundwater • Higher incomes for farmers Improving productivity and livelihoods through smart solar irrigation The result • Launch of the world’s first Solar Pump Irrigation Cooperative (SPICE) • Potential to solarize 100 million 10kW grid-connected irrigation pumps generating 150mkWh green energy Climate resilience: Smart solar solutions
- 7. Opportunities to further enhance ALWM benefits and beneficiaries • Improve access to information, financing and control over ALWM assets and inputs • Better target technologies to meet women’s preferences • Identify opportunities to reduce labor requirements in ALWM • Increase the ‘voice’ of women in ALWM discussions and decision- making • Further understand which ALWM interventions fit different climate change profiles Female farmer in Ethiopia learning to use irrigation scheduling tools. For ALWM decision-support tools and business models, see: https://wle.cgiar.org/solutions/smallholders