ARCC Community Climate Change Adaptation
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The Mekong ARCC (Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change) group and USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change gave a presentation on community climate change adaptation plan in the lower Mekong basin. This presentation gave an overview on the impacts of climate change to the basin, the community process and approach to adaptation, results from the process, and lessons learned.
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ARCC Community Climate Change Adaptation
- 1. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Community CC Adaptation Plan Development in the Lower Mekong Basin: Process, Results, & Lessons Paul Hartman, USAID Mekong ARCC
- 2. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Mekong ARCC Geographic Focus: Lower Mekong Basin
- 3. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change 1. Top down: Use modelled projections to identify climate change impacts and vulnerable livelihoods in Lower Mekong Basin 2. Bottom up: Work with communities across the Basin on adaptation planning that strengthens their resilience to climate change Goal: Increase adaptation capacity & resilience of communities to the impacts of climate change
- 4. Top Down: Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study for the Lower Mekong Basin • Temperatures >35°C reduce rainfed & irrigated rice yields • Rising temperatures stress commercial livestock breeds & amplify costs of production • Aquaculture more vulnerable to disease from increased temperature and rainfall • Loss of biodiversity and species adapted to disturbance & higher temperatures may dominate natural community composition Basin Wide Impacts
- 5. Target Provinces for Implementation Five Sites w/28,073 Target Beneficiaries
- 6. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Approach to Strengthening Community Resilience
- 7. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Adapta&on Decision Making Vulnerability Analysis -‐ Revisit Priori&es -‐ Shi> OR Validate Priori&es -‐ Capture change -‐ Translate climate profiles -‐ Local livelihood examples -‐ Joint scenario building -‐ Self-‐iden&fied vulnerability -‐ Local Priori&es -‐ Asset Mapping Community Climate Story (Bo$om-‐Up) Scien&fic Climate Story (Top-‐Down) Shared Understanding Planning Adapta7on Ini7a7ves Ac&vity Implementa&on & Monitoring L e a r n i n g Baseline Ac7vity Output Outcome I) Overview -‐ Projected community level climate impacts II) Thema7c Coverage -‐ Livelihoods -‐ Disaster Risk -‐ Ecosystems -‐ Gender Cost & Sustainability Analysis Adaptation Decision Making Template: A.K.A ‘The Bible’
- 8. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Bottom Up Community Vulnerability Assessment Huai Kang Pla Village, Chiang Rai
- 9. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Huai Kang Pla Village Sub-village: Lua Pattana Sub-village: Pa Bong Ngam Lang Sub-village: Pa Bong Ngam Bon Forests Main Road Mae Chan River Sub-village: Huai Pu Huai Kang Pla Community Resource and Hazard Maps Sub-village: Huai Ya No Forests Forests Forests for NTFP collection Forests Big flood Drought Flood Landslide
- 10. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Seasonal Livelihood & Hazard Calendars Crops Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Remarks Maize land preparation and weed elimination grow fertilizer and herbicide harvest for sale (grown mostly in Huai Kang Pla village) Upland rice land preparation and weed elimination grow fertilizer and herbicide harvest for consumption but not enough for the whole year (grown mostly in Pa Bong Ngam Bon village) Ginger harvest mature land preparati on grow fertilizer and herbicide harvest young ginger harvest mature for sale Rice (paddy) sowing, ploughing, herbicide plant fertilizer harvest for consumption and sale (for Huai Pu village) Soybean grow harvest grow for sale (grown after harvesting rice) Rambutan harvest for sale Litchi harvest for sale Passion fruit (sour) stand preparati on grow harvest for sale to Doi Kham project Pineapple grow harvest for sale Bitter rattan, galangal, lemongrass, banana flower harvest for consumption and sale Bamboo shoot, mushroom harvest for sale Edible fern harvest Honey harvest only by men Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Erratic rainfall during cultivation ** ** *** *** *** Forest fire ** *** *** ** Storm and hail *** Landslide * ** ** * Illness * * * * * * * * * * * * Hot season *** Cold season *** ** * **
- 11. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Adapta&on Decision Making Vulnerability Analysis -‐ Revisit Priori&es -‐ Shi> OR Validate Priori&es -‐ Capture change -‐ Translate climate profiles -‐ Local livelihood examples -‐ Joint scenario building -‐ Self-‐iden&fied vulnerability -‐ Local Priori&es -‐ Asset Mapping Community Climate Story (Bo$om-‐Up) Scien&fic Climate Story (Top-‐Down) Shared Understanding Planning Adapta7on Ini7a7ves Ac&vity Implementa&on & Monitoring L e a r n i n g Baseline Ac7vity Output Outcome I) Overview -‐ Projected community level climate impacts II) Thema7c Coverage -‐ Livelihoods -‐ Disaster Risk -‐ Ecosystems -‐ Gender Cost & Sustainability Analysis Scientific Climate Story and Shared Understanding
- 12. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Top Down: Scientific Climate Story
- 13. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change Activities Form Livestock Group Form Local Vegetable Producer Group Form Rice Producer Group Short Medium Long Cattle Group, Fish Group, Chicken Groups Formed Vegetables grow in Home Garden or interspersed in fields Livestock Group Formed Community produces more food, variety of food, and is able to sell or use manure Pioneer local veg group formed to change from mono to multi culture Cooperative to work with study centers Sharing knowledge and techniques Agriculture group expands Knowledge on diversity of native race collected Training program on native rice and conservation Native rice for selling developed Rice strains suitable for changing climate grown with sugarcane and cassava Adequate food for consumption. Land cultivated better Reduce use of chemicals Safe food provided Sustained system of management Adequate supply of good quality rice developed Reduce mono cropping Reduce high use of chemicals Increase rice yield Increase income Kok Klang Village Vision: “A harmonious community with clean and adequate water for consumption and agriculture, adequate rice and food for domestic consumption, a variety of beautiful natural assets, reduced agricultural chemicals uses, and restored ecosystems and biodiversity”. CommunityVisioning Sakon Nakon,Thailand
- 14. How do these solutions address the threats? Climate Change Threat Adaptation Solution Increased temperature Ag diversification/integration Climate smart pig rearing Improved forest management & Water filtration Diversified risk Increased tolerance to heat Maintaining water table (lowlands) & disease prevention from turbid H2O (highlands) Floods and storms Irregular Rain/ Lack of Rain Result: Adaptation Plans Developed and Initiated
- 15. USAID Mekong Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change • Need to reconcile differences between scientific and community lens to find common language • Relevant timescales, threats, benefits must serve as starting point for plan development • Education level and power structures need to be addressed to assist communities to • CC education should focus on weather vs. climate (1st), directionality vs. absolutes (2nd) • Identify systems, context & solutions that allow for replication from pilots • Keep solutions simple! • Good preparation sometimes allows for good luck The Road Ahead Lessons Learned from Adaptation Decision Making Process