Proactive Health and Safety Management

Benefits of
Proactive
Occupational
Health and
Safety
Management
P r e s e n t e d b y :
B e r n a r d L . F o n t a i n e , J r. , C I H , C S P,
FA I H A
The Windsor Consulting Group, Inc.
C e r t i f i e d H e a l t h a n d S a f e t y P r o f e s s i o n a l s
TEL: +1 732.221.5687
Email: windsgroup@aol.com

Occupational Health and
Safety Culture
•Positive safety climate perceptions were associated with better health
•Proactive in OSH management equates to higher profit margins, more
productivity, better quality, and improved human performance
•Proactive leadership contributes to lower mishap and near-miss rates, risk,
liability, and operational cost
•Excellent leadership correlates with high organizational commitment,
better communication, and regulatory compliance
•Excellent management and supervision correlates with high job
satisfaction
Copyright @ 2020 Windsor Consulting Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

Safety Culture
•Health and safety culture is defined as the way in which occupational health and
safety is assessed and managed in a workplace, community and the
environment.
•It is the combination of beliefs, perceptions and attitudes of leadership toward
the total health and safety of workers and the overall risks of the work
environment.
•Cultivating a positive health and safety culture throughout the organization is
a key toward continuous improvements in human performance, quality control,
productivity, profitability and prosperity.

Safety Culture
•Establishes a set of core values and behaviors that emphasize health and
safety as an overriding priority above production, profits, and people.
•Expressed in management actions by what is said and done through
behavior and attitude.
•Relentless in job hazard identification, risk assessment and management,
implementation of engineering and administrative controls, and selection
and use of respirators and protective clothing and equipment.
•Incorporated in emergency preparedness and readiness in the event of a
man-made or natural disaster.

Safety Culture
•Rewards for identifying and stopping at-risk behaviors and
reinforcing attitude toward health and safety on the job or
performing a hazardous work task.
•Good constructive feedback to leadership and the workforce
to promote safe behavior both on- and off-the-job.
•Avoid the blame game – conduct a job hazard, hazardous
operation, or work task hazard analysis to make improvements.
•Make changes to management systems and work practices
to encourage healthy and safe behavior

Safety Culture
•Fear of discipline or other negative connotations cause under
reporting of mishaps and near-miss events
•Discipline has its place but not for most safety issues.
•When discipline is used disproportionately relative to positive
outcomes, it leads to lower morale, reduced trust, lower
productivity, less teamwork and lower engagement.
•Suppressing reportable incidents is equally disturbing and can
cripple an organization seeking to learn and improve through
continuous improvement

Safety Culture
•Good workforce and leadership can be characterized by building trust and
relationships
•Trust is an essential component to any relationship.
•Workers should be able to speak freely with managers regarding health and
safety concerns on the job.
•Managers and supervisors also must be attentive the health and safety
concerns on the job by promoting good work practices, enforcing policy and
written programs, and providing protective equipment and training.

Safety Culture
•Building health and safety into the process from onboarding to employee
transfers, reviewing policy and programs, conducting regular inspections to
periodic audits, performing required training to performance appraisal using the
equipment.
•Conduct five (5) minute briefings before and after the work shift.
•Review work tasks in the crew so everyone understands their role and
responsibility, emergency procedures, and reporting concerns.
•Include crew members in regular safety committee meetings to provide
insight into changes to protect the workforce, public and environment.

Safety Culture
Celebrate the company success to reduce operating cost, reduce risk
and limit liability, and improve on production and profitability.
• Annual summer picnics, formal dinners, breakfast for the crew, etc.
• Sponsor outings at parks, arenas, bowling alleys, sporting events and other
venues
• Provide profit sharing and other department or personal incentives
• Focus on the short-term and the long-term success and prosperity
• Share the continued success often with the workers and supervisors

Safety Culture
Three Levels of a Health and Safety Culture
Artifacts
Espoused Values
Basic Underlying Assumptions
Visual organizational structures and processed (hard to decipher)
Strategies, goals, philosophies (espouses justifications)
Unconscious behavior, taken for granted beliefs,
perceptions, thoughts and personal feelings (ultimate
source of values and actions)

Safety Culture
How then to create an enduring, positive safety culture?
• Requires a “management safety system” approach – ISO
450001 or Safety Management System (SMS)
• Requires changes to individual behavior and factors that
influence and sustain individual behavior
• Requires total engagement of every manager and supervisor!
• Requires the commitment of every team member – every day!

Safety Culture
•Begins with hiring procedures or when employee transfers jobs
•Established through an engaging employee orientation program
•Content and effectiveness of safety meetings
•Content and effectiveness of safety training
•Quality, scope and focus of inspections
•Rules and policies that are consistent and fair
•Quality of health and safety equipment
•Safety techniques, practices and procedures

Safety Culture
•Prioritize health and safety over production, profits and people
•Maintaining a high profile for health and safety issues in meetings
•Attendance of managers at safety meetings and in walkabouts
•Meetings with employees that feature safety as a topic
•Job descriptions that include safety contracts
•Communication about health and safety issues
•Pervasive channels of formal/informal communication and regular
communication with management, supervisors and workforce.
•Involve employees empowerment, delegation of
responsibility, engagement, and commitment to the
organization.

Safety Culture
What can be done?
•Conduct pre-job discussion of daily activities and conduct debrief at the end of the workday
•Encourage workers to recognize and report hazards while working
•Carry out inspections of the workplace, work practices and procedures
•Conduct job specific hazard analyses (or task evaluation processes)
•Monitor, measure and test workers and area for noise, dust, mist, fume, gas and/or vapor
•Analyze proposed changes – new/modified plant, material, process. manpower or structure
•Conduct workplace hazard (or risk) surveys, audits or inspections
•Train workers on health and safety issues relative to the job task or industry
•Review product information, e.g. SDSs, operating manuals, or safety regulator alerts; and
•Look at mishaps/near-miss reports, workers’ compensation loss, OSHA citation, and other
indicators

Health and Safety Culture and
Change Management
Change Initiated
Initial Resistance
Initial Acceptance
Acceptance
And
Integration
Phase
Decline Phase
Time Line
All organizational programs, safety initiatives, etc., have a defined life span.
How it becomes sustainable within the fabric of the organization is the real
challenge.

Change Management
Change Initiated
Initial Resistance
Initial Acceptance
Acceptance
And
Integration
Phase
Decline Phase
Re-inventing / Re-Investing Team
A cross-functional team that develops new ideas and or
approaches to existing problems and or identifying elements
which may be both known and unknown to the organization.
Change initiative must occur prior to the decline phase!
Why?
Because in the decline phase, the standard response is to “cut”
spending and programs.
Time Line

Change Management

A hazard identification (HazID) study is a method to
identifying hazards in order to prevent and reduce
any adverse impact that could cause injury or illness
to personnel, damage or loss of property,
environment and production, or become a liability.
HazID is a component of risk assessment and
management. It is used to determine the adverse
effects of exposure to hazards and plan necessary
actions to mitigate such risks.
Hazard Identification (HAZID)

Hazard Identification (HazID) studies all
process and non-process hazards in a
workplace.
The benefits of conducting a HazID study include:
• Revealing hazards at early stage, before they happen
• Hazards are recorded and managed or mitigated
• Preventive measures are controllable
• Avoiding budget overruns
• Establishing hazard screening criteria
• Enables you to document non-critical hazards that may
otherwise be ignored
Hazard Identification (HAZID)

Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a
systematic brain storming process of assessing the
existence of hazards in equipment and vulnerability
of its operation.
It is a risk assessment toll that provides information
to the management who can make decisions to
improve safety and conduct safe operations.
Hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies
concentrate on recognizing hazards and operability
problems in an orderly approach, where hazard
identification and operability are the main attentions.
Hazard and Operability (HAZOP)

HAZOP is based on the assumption that hazards
happen because elements of design and operation
can deviate from their original design.
The HAZOP team discusses possible deviations
and come up with different scenarios where the
system or process could fail.
The team can propose recommendations for
safeguards and improvements to lower the risk of
identified hazards and operational failures from
occurring.

HAZOP assesses three (3) areas of concern:
• Design - to assess capability to meet intended
function and identify its weaknesses e.g. the
composition of the chemical batch reactor
• Physical environment - to assess environment
where the system or design will operate and
ensure there enough space for the chemical
batch reactor to operate as intended
• Procedure - to assess the engineered controls
such as automation, sequence of steps, human
interactions e.g. steps in producing the target
chemical concentration

HAZAN stands for Hazard Analysis
Technique focuses on job tasks to identify hazards
before they occur.
HAZAN considers the relationship between the
employee, task to be done, tools at the workers
disposal and surrounding environment.
Once uncontrolled hazards are identified by a
HAZAN analysis; steps can be taken to either
eliminate or reduce risk to an acceptable level.
Hazard Analysis (HAZAN)

Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a part of overall
risk assessment of the individual work tasks or
jobs hazards that are associated with a workplace
or work environment.
JHAs are identified during a routine survey, audit,
or inspection and, ideally, mitigated, before they
occur.
In this way, health and safety hazards can be
eliminated or at least reduced to an acceptable
level of risk.
Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

Direct and Indirect Cost
Tip of the Iceberg
Direct Cost of Injuries and Illness
• Medial and insurance costs
• Wage indemnity and claims administrative fees
• Regulatory compliance citations and fines
Underlying and Unforeseen Costs
Additional Cost of Injuries and Illness
• Litigation and schedule delays
• Damage to customer relations and public image
• Damage to property, equipment and environment
• Loss of productivity and reduce quarterly earnings
• Replacement labor/ overtime to meet productivity
• Administrative time for mishap investigation

Mishap Root Cause Analysis
Five Topics for Root Cause Analysis
• Task – Consider work procedure or practice, PPE
and tools used?
• Material – Consider machines, chemicals and
other equipment involved. Did something fail?
• Environment – Consider surroundings, lighting,
noise or unusual weather a problem?
• Personnel – Consider employees if they were
properly trained, stressed or ill?
• Management – Consider management of the
safety system played a role. Did supervisors
communicate instructions clearly and inspect
machinery regularly?

ROI of Positive Safety Culture

ROI of Positive Safety Culture
Ways Health and Safety Affect Bottom Line
• Lower employee absenteeism and presenteeism
• Less costly employee turnover
• Less management and supervision required
• Sound working environment and good morale
• Appearance is everything – professionalism to integrity
• Commitments to improvement and business continuity
• Sustainable business mission, value and vision
• Physical and mental health and well-being
• Culture within the culture – leadership to the deck plate
• Employee engagement and empowerment
• Construct of policy, programs and procedures
• Initial and refresher training and education for everyone

Aligning Health and Safety Culture

Tips for Positive Safety Culture
•Construct enterprise-wide statement of safety culture
•Develop global process, tools and metrics
•Engage and empower top-down leadership
•Clearly define and link roles and responsibilities
•Clearly define accountability and reportability
•Establish consistent targets and reporting
•Prioritize criteria on issues and aligning resources
•Recognize positive behavior and performance
•Provide refresher training and review of job tasks
•Built trust – demonstrate business improvements

Health and Safety Attitude
Take Your Health and Safety Seriously
Every employee must take health and safety
seriously both on- and off-the-job in order to:
• Avoid accidents causing fires, explosions, or other
dangers
• Avoid accidents that can cause job-related injuries
• Avoid exposure to hazardous substances
potentially causing serious illness or disease
• Comply with OSHA safety and health regulations
• Establish company work rules, policies, and
procedures

Positive Safety Attitude, Safety Tools and
Training
When health and safety are taken seriously, workers
have an advantage of protection on the job. Safety and
health procedures, equipment, and info include:
• Use engineering controls such as ventilation
• Use work procedures such as lockout/tagout
• Wear PPE - gloves, hard hats, protective eyewear
• Plan and respond to emergencies such as alarms,
evacuation plans, and eyewashes
• Read safety information like product label and SDS
• Train workers on how to do the job safely

Carelessness Most Common Cause of
Workplace Accidents
Unsafe acts are often a factor in mishaps. Result when
workers’ attitude or behavior changes toward safety:
• Complacency. After performing a job many times without
an incident, workers skip safety procedures or steps.
• Being upset or angry. Don’t let emotions get in the way
of doing your job correctly. Distraction can be dangerous.
• Fatigue. Being tired can slow physical/mental reactions.
• Recklessness. Taking chances with tools, machinery,
chemicals, or work procedures is foolish and dangerous.
• Being afraid to ask questions. Training and work
procedures are sometimes hard remember but everyone
must be smart enough to know what you don’t know.

Positive Attitude Toward Health and Safety
on the Job
• Personal responsibility for own safety and co-workers.
• Pay attention to formal and job training and your work
• Follow every step in every job every time.
• Know and follow the health and safety rules.
• Use required respirator and personal protective equipment.
• Keep an eye out for hazards and potential risk.
• Put feelings, problems, attitude aside while working.
• Urge co-workers to follow health and safety procedures.
• Know what to do in an emergency evacuation or response.
• Ask questions about the rules or precaution that’s not clear.
• Report any safety hazards you can’t fix.
• Save fooling around for your personal time.

Look for Opportunity to Improve Workplace
Health and Safety
Demonstrate right attitude toward health and safety by:
• Volunteer to participate in health and safety committees or
special projects
• Taking an active role in safety meetings and training
sessions
• Propose health and safety improvements through the
suggestion in the management safety system
• Cooperate with safety inspections and monitoring
• Setting an example of a good safety attitude and behavior
for others, especially new hires, personnel transfers, and
contract workers

Health and Safety Management
Components of an OHS management system
• Management leadership and commitment to business
mission, value and visions
• Health and safety work policy, programs, procedures and
written instructions
• Health and safety training and instruction
• Identify hazards and controls, and managing risk
• Inspect premises, equipment, workplace (operations and
processes) and work practices
• Investigate mishaps and near-miss incidents
• Program administration
• Joint health and safety committee and labor representatives
• Occupational health and safety written compliance programs
• Periodic OSH management system audit

Tools to Calculate Safety ROI
•$afety Pays (OSHA) Interactive software assists
employers to evaluate impact of occupational injuries
and illnesses on their profitability.
•It uses a company's profit margin, the average costs of
an injury or illness, and an indirect cost multiplier to
project amount of sales needed to cover those costs.
•NIOSH has estimated the total costs of workplace
injuries and illness to a company in the mining industry
and the impact of profitability.
•Similar ROI assessments have been in the Bangladesh
ship breaking industry with astounding results.

Tracking KPI Performance Metrics
Lagging indicators of safety performance
• Injury and illness frequency and severity
• OSHA recordable injuries and illness
• Lost workdays, restricted work activity, and removal
• Worker’s compensation and healthcare costs
Leading indicators of safety performance
• Safety training – formal and informal (jobsite)
• Ergonomic opportunities identified and corrected
• Reduction of MSD risk factors
• Employee perception surveys
• Safety audits, inspections and surveys

Performance Metric Characteristics
SMART
•Specific – it should be clear what is being measured
•Measurable – measurable against set standards
•Achievable – target a realistic/achievable goal
•Relevant – offer insight into overall safety performance
•Timely – follow a set time-frame

ISO 45001 Health and Safety
Management System
Benefits for business
•Reduction of workplace incidents, illness and disease
•Reduced absenteeism and staff turnover, leading to increased
productivity
•Reduced cost of healthcare and insurance premiums
•Creation of health and safety culture
•Employees take an active role in their own OHS
•Reinforced leadership commitment to proactively improve OHS
performance
•Meet legal and regulatory requirements
•Enhanced business brand, image and reputation
•Improved staff morale and loyalty
•Improved product quality and/or service

Management System
Standard is a risk approach to health and
safety involving multiple stakeholders
• Pre-assessment – Identification and framing; provide
early warning, and preparations; involves multiple
stakeholders and potential strategies
• Appraisal – Assess technical and perceived threats
and consequences of risk and select options to
prevent, mitigate, adapt to or share the risk
• Characterization and evaluation – Making a
judgment about risk and need to manage it by
comparing risk appraisal, determine significance, and
prepare decision outcomes to manage risk

Management System
Standard is risk approach to health and
safety involving multiple stakeholders
•Management – Leadership policy decisions on
how implement the risk controls to avoid, reduce
(prevent, adapt, mitigate), transfer or retain the
risk
•Cross-cutting aspects – Communicating risk,
engaging stakeholders, considering the context in
open, transparent and inclusive communication;
engage stakeholders to both assess and manage
risk; and fully account for the societal, economic,
and political context of both risk and the decision

Management System
Standard applicable to many aspects of health and safety…
•Handling, use, transport, storage of hazardous chemicals
•Research, development, and product safety
•Physical agents (e.g. light, noise), radiological agents
•Human factors and ergonomic working conditions
•Safety behavior, culture and accountability
•Property damage from environmental waste, discharge,
and contamination
•Indoor, environmental and workplace air quality
•Total wellness and well-being programs
•Procurement and supply chain management
•Process, equipment/machinery, and operational safety
•Mishap investigations and return-to-work program
•Training, education, and certification of the workforce
•Inspections, surveys, and audits of jobsites and facilities
•Recording and communicating workplace incidents
•Selection and use of hierarchy of control measures

ISO 45001 Management System
Harmonization

Safety System Management (SMS)
Safety Management System (SMS) is a formal, top-
down, organization-wide approach to managing safety
risk and assuring effectiveness of safety risk controls.
Differs from ISO 45001 with systematic procedures,
practices, and policies to management safety risk.
• Structured safety risk management decision making
• Means to demonstrate safety management capability
before system failures occur
• Increased confidence in risk control though structured
safety assurance processes
• Effective interface for knowledge sharing between
regulator and certificate holder
• Safety promotion framework to support safety culture

http://windsgroup.wixsite.com/windsconsultingroup
605A Winchester Lane, Monroe,
NJ 08831
֍ TEL: +1 732.221.5687
֍ Email: windsgroup@aol.com

http://windsgroup.wixsite.com/windsconsultingroup

The Windsor Consulting Group, Inc.
605A Winchester Lane, Monroe, NJ 08831 ֍ TEL: +1 732.221.5687 ֍ Email: windsgroup@aol.com

Proactive Health and Safety Management

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