Manage Soil to Manage Water
•
0 gefällt mir•5 views
“Manage soil to manage water” by Karla Lara, Karla Trujillo, Bayron Cazún, Jennie Barron, and Jack Alexander at the 2023 Water for Food Global Conference. A recording of the presentation can be found on the conference playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSBeKOIXsg3JNyPowwJj6NDSpx4vlnCYj.
Empfohlen
Empfohlen
Weitere ähnliche Inhalte
Ähnlich wie Manage Soil to Manage Water
Ähnlich wie Manage Soil to Manage Water (20)
Mehr von Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute
Mehr von Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute (20)
Kürzlich hochgeladen
Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)
Manage Soil to Manage Water
- 1. Manage soil to manage water Creating co-benefits for watershed management through data that matters in El Salvador
- 2. K A R L A L A R A Monitoring Coordinator CRS El Salvador K A R L A T R U J I L L O Administrator Tierra Saludable Ameyalli B A Y R O N C A Z Ú N Marketing & Communications RainDrop J E N N I E B A R R O N Professor of Agricultural Water Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences J A C K A L E X A N D E R Senior Resource Specialist Synergy Resource Solutions, Inc.
- 3. KARLA LARA Monitoring Coordinator CRS El Salvador karla.lara@crs.org
- 4. El Salvador Extension: 8,124 mi2 27% Forest cover 51% Agricultural landscape
- 6. Corn Beans Sorghum Sugar cane Coffee
- 7. 400,000 Farmers Main issues that farmers are facing in El Salvador: • Land tenure: 90% of farmers have less than 3 hectares of land. • Lack of technical assistance: less than 10% of farmers have access to agricultural extension services. • Extreme weather events.
- 8. (WSA) Water Smart Agriculture
- 9. 9,000 coffee farmers applying WSA practices 18,000 hectares (44,479 acres) improved with WSA
- 10. 2018 254 smallholder farmers 183 hectares (452 acres) 2022 3,496 smallholder farmers 3,959 hectares (9,783 acres)
- 12. 1,161 farmers 567 farmers 300 farmers 3,496 farmers
- 14. KARLA TRUJILLO Co-Founder & Administrator Tierra Saludable Ameyalli tierrasaludableameyalli@gmail.com
- 19. Scaling the Network Locally TSA farmers per year 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 5 Managed area 430 ha (1,062 acres) 50 170 711 1,500 Year Number of farmers Projection
- 20. Local Champion Carlos Agreda “I'm an old farmer, but I adapt to change”. 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 2019 2020 2021 2022 Yield (Bushel/Acre) Cost (USD/Acre) 103 Corn yields and costs of production 2019-2022 Bushel / Acre $ / Acre 462 41 549 323 231 53 62
- 21. Local Champion Liliana Belloso 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 20 40 60 80 2020 2021 2022 Yield (Bushel/Acre) Cost (USD/Acre) Bushel / Acre $ / Acre 578 57 64 64 520 404 Corn yields and costs of production 2020-2022
- 23. BAYRON CAZÚN Co-Founder & Comms RainDrop raindropmultimedia@gmail.com
- 25. April 2022 90% ground cover
- 26. Corn Coffee
- 27. • Increasing in vegetative coverage 30-50 % • Soil erosion reduction 100 tons/ha • Improved infiltration 1000 cubic meters/ha
- 28. Andrés Bravo
- 30. 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.3432 0.2611 0.0176 0.2207 0.0005 0 SAN RAYMUNDO APANECA Farm / Type of management San Raymundo (1,734 mm) Apaneca (3,492 mm) Runoff Soil erosion Runoff Soil erosion Bare soil 5,950.86 m3/ha 567.13 t/ha 7,707.83 m3/ha 139.07 t/ha Traditional 4,527.72 m3/ha 11.75 t/ha 16.40 m3/ha 0.01 t/ha WSA 305.10 m3/ha 0t/ha 0 m3/ha 0 t/ha Farm Runoff coefficient San Raymundo Apaneca Bare Soil 0.3432 0.2207 Traditional 0.2611 0.0005 WSA 0.0176 0 No cover crop Convensional WSA
- 33. raindrop.ah@gmail.com info@raindropimpact.org You can make an impact, visit www.raindropimpact.org to find out how
- 34. JACK ALEXANDER Founder & Senior Resource Specialist Sinergy Resource Solutions, INC jack@countgrass.com
- 36. JENNIE BARRON Professor Agricultural Water Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) jennie.barron@slu.se
- 37. Are (rainfed) production landscapes transforming into better states? • Globally 75% crop land and grazing rainfed • Manage soils for nutritious crops and healthy water • What are the needs forward? Document 4 cases of successful scaled rainfed intensification (C. America, India, Ethiopia, Brazil)
- 38. Example Bhundelkand (India): Research and innovation co-design farming systems under new rainfall regimes Re designed haveli RWH , Bhundelkahnd region (ICRISAT) Eg Garg et al , 2020; Anantha et al , 2021 Since 2017, KISAN MITrA initiative Re-design soil/water/crop technology Impact - <20 000 farmers - Yields increased +50% - Water infiltration, reduce runoff: -30-50% In 2000: Increasing aridity, traditional rainwater mgt not viable
- 39. Example Scaling Water Smart Agriculture (C. America): Development action with science input in co-design rainfed systems Farmer technician and numerator exploring soil cover options Courtesy CRS WSA impact on maize yield in soil fertility (phosphorus) limiting, and water limiting, sites in 2018 (N=973 farms)
- 40. Investments need to find the water and soil in rainfed systems! • Transformation happens in production landscapes and can be measured (environment, economic, social) • Critical components are known: farmer- centric and evidence - based/new knowledge • Process of 10-30 years before scaled evidence Thank you! RainDrop consultancy lab for soil health (2023 El Salvador)
- 42. www.raices.sv Instagram, Facebook & Twitter as somosraicessv K A R L A L A R A karla.lara@crs.org K A R L A T R U J I L L O tierrasaludableameyalli@gmail.com B A Y R O N C A Z Ú N info@raindropimpact.org J E N N I E B A R R O N jennie.barron@slu.se J A C K A L E X A N D E R jack@countgrass.com
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Introduce El Salvador to the audience El Salvador it´s located in Central America and it is the smallest country in the region. It’s almost the size of New Jersey, here in United Sates. The agricultural landscape in El Salvador is mostly crops and livestock, reaching 51% of the country. We have small patches of forest through the country, especially in high elevations. Recent data indicates that the forest cover in the count is only 27%.
- Over the years the forest has been reduced due to the expansion of the agricultural border, and with this, poor agriculture practices, such as burning and excessive use of pesticides, causing, not only an impact on the soil but also on the quantity and quality of our streams and rivers.
- The main crops in El Salvador are mostly corn, beans, and sorghum, followed by sugar cane and coffee in a larger scale. Corn, beans, and sorghum represents about 20% of the value of agricultural production in general, so, for Salvadorian, especially farmers, the importance of these crops is not only economical, but also social, cultural, and environmental.
- In El Salvador, we have 400,000 (four hundred thousand) farmers, and a big majority are smallholder rainfed farmers. These farmers produce about 75% of the corn and beans consumed in El Salvador. So, if these farmers have problems, we all have. The main issues that these farmers are facing in El Salvador are: Land tenure: 90% of farmers have less than 3 hectares of land, and the vast majority are renting these lands year by year, making this difficult to implement conservation practices in their farms. Lack of technical assistance: less than 10% of smallholder farmers in El Salvador have access to agricultural extension services. Most of the national agriculture budget goes to seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides in order to increase food production, without any assistance in conservation agriculture and land restoration. Extreme weather events: erratic weather patterns such as high-intensity storms and frequent dry stretches during the “rainy season” make it difficult for farmers to know when to plant.
- As a response to these problems, CRS started working with local partners to promote Water Smart Agriculture (WSA) practices, through the development of an extension network of farmers based on “learning by doing” methodology between field technicians, community leaders and farmers. Why doing this? Because we know the only way that farmers will adopt conservation practices is when they are seeing positive results in their farms. We are working across El Salvador with multiple local actors, and in multiple contexts. Coffee in the highlands, and corn and beans in the lowlands, for example:
- “The Blue Harvest initiative” – is basically the application of WSA practices in key watershed to protect and restore water resources. In El Salvador, this initiative is oriented on coffee farms located in medium and high elevation, where water is being produced. In number, so far, we have reached: - 9,000 (nine thousand) coffee farmers applying WSA practices - 18,000 (eighteen thousand) hectares of farms improved with WSA
- And then, we have RAICES, an 8-year initiative funded by The Howard G. Buffett Foundation (HGBF), to promote conservation agriculture in a larger scale. In four years of work, we were able to increase the number of farmers participating in the program by 13% and we have reached almost 4,000 (four thousand) hectares of land under WSA.
- RAICES is not only building a network of farmers, but also creating a network of partners and local actors. Thanks to these efforts, it has been possible to establish a dynamic of co creation with all these institutions, allowing innovation and capacity building in the territory.
- The experience shows that agriculture landscape restoration, based on WSA approaches and the extension network of farmers, offers a great opportunity to restore degraded farmland and improve the livelihood of farming families. RAICES and its partners have demonstrated clear benefits of WSA practices to smallholder farmers. For example, we have farmers that have been applying WSA practices in their farms for more than two or three seasons, and now, they are getting higher yields, making the farms more productive. Building on lessons learned from WSA and RAICES, we are starting to extend the impact in El Salvador, by incorporating this approach into large-scale emergency response and resilience programming, with the financial support of of USAID Bureau of Humanitarian Assistance (BHA). RAICES El Salvador in Chalatenango and PROSPERA (“Thrive”), are short-term projects located in different parts of the country. Both projects are working at the community level to improve food security and to provide technical assistance with WSA practices to farming families in order to recover from the impact of crop losses due to extreme weather events. This map shows the growth and scaling of our work in the country. Thanks to the interventions of RAICES in western El Salvador, and the USAID-funded programs in the north and east of the country, we have reached nearly 5,500 (five thousand five hundred) smallholder farmers who are implementing WSA practices and contributing to the restoration of the landscape.
- In all these experiences we have learned that “keeping it simple and putting the farmers first” is key for the success in each agriculture program. The decision to aimed on a few WSA practices, such as cover crops, no burning, 4R for fertilization and crop stubble management and to come up with field-based results, makes the greatest difference for farmers.
- 1. C America: Rainfed intensification 2. India Bundelkhand (UP, MP) region watersheds 3. Brazil, Parana State: Conservation agriculture for watersheds 4. Ethiopia Sust. Land Magt Program (SLMP)
- In 2000 : degradation , shift in rainfall papetrn and amount traditional haveli and other water infrsatructure nopt delivering .. partnership in research , farmers, local council innovations of Haveli , innovations in crop system monitor landscape water balance d to distribute water for productive use in 2 season Rabi ? Example : runoff reduce Waterbalance redistribution (through infiltration m, storage ) reduce runogff (ca 50% ) increase Gw recharge (double) and Eta (ca +10%) Since 2017 Knowledge Intensive Sustainable Network Mission India for Transforming Agriculture (KISAN MITrA). now reaching 20 000 farmers , across several district , and pilot (demo) catchments alone covers 5000ha in Sweden 60 000 registered farmer enterprise , but only 16 000 fulltime farmers Means Co-design with researchers Capacity building Improved cultivars and practises
- I would like to to make a call for evidence based inevetsmts also into rainfed systesm , for food nutrition and for sustainability Transformations are happening to scale , and can be measured in environment soicla and economic benefits , this was shown in our case study , and detailed exampels were provided by Carla dn Byron In addition to technologies and best practises in soil water and crop management (many known , but often still to be innovated) , there are ke process components that emerge : the farmer centric approach and the need for a evidence (science) based approach . It helps reinventing wheels and helps both sciences and practitioners to accelerate change However , processes are partner intensive , and takes time! So the stable investments are fundamental . When they are there , the budgets has the opportunity work for more and for bigger areas