Renaissance by Basiakos Panagiotis

1. RENAISSANCE

2. HUMANISM-1430
Renaissancehumanism was a revival in the study of
classicalantiquity, at firstin Italyand then spreadingacross
Western Europe in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries.
During the period, the term humanistreferred to teachers
and students of the humanities, which included grammar,
rhetoric, history, poetry, and moral philosophy.
Under the influence and inspiration of the classics,
humanists developed a new rhetoric and new learning.
Some scholars also argue that humanism articulated new
moral and civic perspectives and values offering guidance
in life. Renaissance humanism was a response to what
came to be depicted by later whig historians as the
"narrow pedantry" associated with medieval
scholasticism. Humanists sought to create a citizenry able
to speak and write with eloquence and clarity and thus
capable of engaging in the civic life of their communities
and persuading others to virtuous and prudent actions.
Humanism, whilstsetup by a smallelite who had access to
books and education, was intended as a cultural mode to
influence all of society. It was a program to revive the
cultural legacy, literary legacy, and moral philosophy of
classical antiquity. There were important centres of
humanism in Florence, Naples, Rome, Venice, Genoa,
Mantua, Ferrara, and Urbino.

4. JOHANNES GYTENBERG-1455
Johannes Gutenberg was a German inventor, printer,
publisher, and goldsmith who introduced printing to
Europe with his mechanical movable-type printing press.
His work started the Printing Revolution in Europe and is
regarded as a milestone of the second millennium,
ushering in the modern period of human history. Itplayed
a key role in the development of the Renaissance,
Reformation, Age of Enlightenment, and Scientific
Revolution, as well as laying the material basis for the
modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of
learning to the masses.
While not the first to use movable type in the world,
Gutenberg was the first European to do so. His many
contributions to printing include: the invention of a
process for mass-producing movable type; the use of oil-
based ink for printing books;adjustablemolds; mechanical
movable type; and the use of a wooden printing press
similar to the agricultural screw presses of the period. His

5. truly epochal invention was the combination of these
elements into a practical system that allowed the mass
production of printed books and was economically viable
for printers and readers alike.
Gutenberg's method for making type is traditionally
considered to have included a type metal alloy and a hand
mould for casting type. The alloy was a mixture of lead, tin,
and antimony that melted at a relatively low temperature
for faster and more economical casting, cast well, and
created a durable type.
The use of movable type was a marked improvement on
the handwritten manuscript, which was the existing
method of book production in Europe, and upon
woodblock printing, and revolutionized European book-
making. Gutenberg's printing technology spread rapidly
throughout Europe and later the world. His major work,
the Gutenberg Bible (also known as the 42-line Bible), was
the first printed version of the Bible and has been
acclaimed for its high aesthetic and technical quality. In
Renaissance Europe, the arrival of mechanical movable
type printing introduced the era of mass communication
which permanently altered the structure of society. The
relatively unrestricted circulation of information including
revolutionary ideas transcended borders, captured the
masses in the Reformation, and threatened the power of
political and religious authorities; the sharp increase in
literacy broke the monopoly of the literate elite on
education and learning and bolstered the emerging middle
class.AcrossEurope,theincreasingculturalself-awareness
of its people led to the rise of proto-nationalism,
accelerated by the flowering of the European vernacular
languages to the detriment of Latin's status as lingua
franca. In the 19th century, the replacement of the hand-
operated Gutenberg-stylepress by steam-powered rotary
presses allowed printing on an industrial scale, while
Western-style printing was adopted all over the world,
becoming practically the sole medium for modern bulk
printing.

6. PRINTING GUTENBERG

7. 1450-DA VINCI

8. Leonardo da Vinci, was an Italian polymath of the
High Renaissance who was active as a painter,
draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor and
architect. While his fame initially rested on his
achievements as a painter, he also became known for his
notebooks, in which he made drawings and notes on a
variety of subjects, including anatomy, astronomy,botany,
cartography, painting, and paleontology. Leonardo's
genius epitomized the Renaissance humanistideal and his
collective works compose a contribution to later
generations of artists matched only by that of his younger
contemporary, Michelangelo.
Leonardo is among the greatest painters in the history of
art and is often credited as the founder of the High
Renaissance.Despite having manylost worksandless than
25 attributed major works including numerous unfinished

9. works he created some of the most influential paintings in
Western art. His magnum opus, the Mona Lisa, is his best
known work and often regarded as the world's most
famous painting. The Last Supper is the most reproduced
religious painting of all time and his Vitruvian Man drawing
is also regarded as a cultural icon. In 2017, Salvator Mundi,
attributed in whole or part to Leonardo, was sold at
auction for US$450.3million, setting a new record for the
most expensive painting ever sold at public auction
PAINTING ‘’MONA LISA’’

10. PAINTING ‘’THE GENIOUS’’

11. 1492- DISCOVERY OF AMERIKA BY CHRISTOFER COLOMBUS
Christopher Columbus, was an Italian explorer and
navigator who completed four voyages across the
Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for the
widespread European exploration and colonization
of the Americas. His expeditions, sponsored by the
Catholic Monarchs of Spain, were the first
European contact with the Caribbean, Central
America, and South America.
On August 3, 1492, Christopher Columbus set sail
from the Port of Palos de la Frontera in the Province
of Huelva, from the newly los Reyes Católicos
coordinated Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon, in

12. present-day Spain, financed by Queen Isabella I of
Castille. Columbus's Letter on the First Voyage of
his discovery of the Bahamas, Cuba, and Hispaniola
spread the news across Europe quickly. Columbus
rediscovered and explored much of the Lesser
Antilles in his second voyage then discovered both
Trinidad and Tobago on his third voyage whilst
skirting the northern South American coast.
His fourth voyage was spent scanning the Central
American coast. The Voyages of Christopher
Columbus opened the New World.

14. 1496-MICHELANGELO

15. Michelangelo, was an Italian sculptor, painter,
architect and poet of the High Renaissance. Born in
the Republic of Florence, his work had a major
influence on the development of Western art,
particularly in relation to the Renaissance notions
of humanism and naturalism. He is often
considered a contender for the title of the
archetypal Renaissance man, along with his rival
and elder contemporary, Michelangelo is one of
the best documented artists of the 16th century

16. and several scholars have described Michelangelo
as the most accomplished artist of his era.
He sculpted two of his best-known works, the
Pietà and David, before the age of thirty. Despite
holding a low opinion of painting, he also created
two of the most influential frescoes in the history
of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the
ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome, and The Last
Judgment on its altar wall. His design of the
Laurentian Library pioneered Mannerist
architecture. At the age of 74, he succeeded
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger as the architect of
St. Peter's Basilica. He transformed the plan so that
the western end was finished to his design, as was
the dome, with some modification, after his death.
MICHELANGELO STATUE

17. MICHELANGELO PAINTING- THE CREATION OF ADAM

18. MICHELANGELO IN THE SISTINE CHAPEL

19. 1504-BOTTICELI

20. Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi, known as
Sandro Botticelli, was an Italian painter of the Early
Renaissance. Botticelli's posthumous reputation
suffered until the late 19th century, when he was
rediscovered by the Pre-Raphaelites who
stimulated a reappraisal of his work. Since then, his
paintings have been seen to represent the linear
grace of Early Renaissance painting.
In addition to the mythological subjects for which
he is best known today, Botticelli painted a wide
range of religious subjects (including dozens of
renditions of the Madonna and Child, many in the
round tondo shape) and also some portraits. His
best-known works are The Birth of Venus and
Primavera, both in the Uffizi in Florence. Botticelli
lived all his life in the same neighbourhood of
Florence; his only significant times elsewhere were

21. the months he spent painting in Pisa in 1474 and
the Sistine Chapel in Rome in 1481–82.
Only one of Botticelli's paintings, the Mystic
Nativity (National Gallery, London) is inscribed with
a date (1501), but others can be dated with varying
degrees of certainty on the basis of archival
records, so the development of his style can be
traced with some confidence. He was an
independent master for all the 1470s, which saw
his reputation soar. The 1480s were his most
successful decade, the one in which his large
mythological paintings were completed along with
many of his most famous Madonnas. By the 1490s
his style became more personal and to some extent
mannered. His last works show him moving in a
direction opposite to that of Leonardo da Vinci
(seven years his junior) and the new generation of
painters creating the High Renaissance style, and
instead returning to a style that many have
described as more Gothic or "archaic."
BOTTICELI PAINTINGS

24. 1540-EL GRECO

25. Domenikos Theotokopoulos, most widely known as
El Greco ("The Greek"), was a Greek painter,
sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance.
"El Greco" was a nickname,[a][b] and the artist
normally signed his paintings with his full birth
name in Greek letters, Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος,
often adding the word Κρής (Krḗs), which means
Cretan.
El Greco was born in the Kingdom of Candia
(modern Crete), which was at that time part of the
Republic of Venice, Italy, and the center of Post-
Byzantine art. He trained and became a master

26. within that tradition before traveling at age 26 to
Venice, as other Greek artists had done.
In 1570, he moved to Rome, where he opened a
workshop and executed a series of works. During
his stay in Italy, El Greco enriched his style with
elements of Mannerism and of the Venetian
Renaissance taken from a number of great artists of
the time, notably Tintoretto. In 1577, he moved to
Toledo, Spain, where he lived and worked until his
death. In Toledo, El Greco received several major
commissions and produced his best-known
paintings, such as View of Toledo and Opening of
the Fifth Seal.
PAINTING- VEW OF TOLENDO

27. PAINTING- THE LAST SUPPER

30. ΤΕΛΟΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ
ΟΝΟΜΑ: ΜΠΑΣΙΑΚΟΣ ΠΑΝΑΓΙΩΤΗΣ
ΤΜΗΜΑ: Β2
ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΡΙΑ: ΚΑΡΟΥΖΟΥ ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΗ
ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ: ILLUSTRATED TIMELINE
1ο ΛΥΚΕΙΟ ΛΙΒΑΔΕΙΑΣ