Key Business understanding

1. Communication And Decision Making Section 1 Team 5 Section 1 Team 5

2. Contents Interpersonal Communication Interactive Communication Section 1 Team 5

3. Interpersonal Communication The means through which people exchange information, thoughts and ideas with each other Interactions in one to one or small group settings Verbal and nonverbal components Also known as people skills or soft skills Section 1 Team 5

4. Communication Models Mechanistic thinking and the linear model Linear and one-way process Feedback and the interactional model Two-way on-going process Shared meaning and the transactional model Cooperative process where the individuals interact with each other to build meaning Section 1 Team 5

5. Communication Styles The concept behind the categories is that people differ on two scales- whether they emphasize tasks or people more, and whether they usually ask questions or make statements. Section 1 Team 5

6. Cultural Influence Same behaviour can send different messages in different cultural contexts Assumptions about how to communicate with others may not be universal Insights into other cultures will make communication more effective when interacting with people Section 1 Team 5

7. Exchange of ideas between both participants Interactive communication is a exchange of ideas where both participant are active and can have effect on each other Interactive communication has two forms 1. Verbal 2. Non Verbal Verbal and Nonverbal communication must agree or else it can lead to confusion or misunderstanding. Section 1 Team 5

8. Effects Understanding Information Respect Motivation Section 1 Team 5

9. Benefit Successful Business Rich relationship Accurately and comprehensively expression of thoughts feelings and ideas. Section 1 Team 5

10. PARTICIPATIVE DECISION MAKING(PDM) VinodKumar Balasundaram FT12174

11. What is Participative Decision Making? Participative Decision-Making (PDM) is the extent to which employers allow or encourage employees to share or participate in organizational decision-making(Probst, 2005) Formal & Informal Degree of Participation 0-100% Power Sharing Arrangement

12. Types of PDM Collective Members have Little say in DMP* Final decision maker: Leader Responsibility: Leader Decision Time: Fast Democratic Members have Complete authority over DMP*(Take Vote) Final decision maker: Vote Responsibility: Member Decision Time: Fast Autocratic Members have NO say in DMP* Final decision maker: Leader Responsibility: Leader Decision Time: Fast Consensus Members have Complete authority over DMP*(Take Vote) Final decision maker: Consensus Responsibility: Member Decision Time: Slow

13. Dimensions of PDM

14. Diamond of PDM

15. Advantages of PDM Job satisfaction Organizational commitment Perceived organizational support Organizational citizenship behavior Labor-management relations Job performance and organizational performance Task productivity (Locker & Schweiger, as cited in Lowin, 1968) Organizational profits (Cotton et al., 1988) Employee absenteeism (Probst, 2005)

16. Risks of PDM Social pressures to conform to group domination Time can be an issue High costs Inefficiency Indecisiveness Incompetence

17. References Employee Participation: Diverse Forms and Different Outcomes; Cotton et al., 1988; Organizational Communication: Perspective and Trends Sage;Black & Gregersen, 1997; Brenda, 2001 The Effects of Participative Management on Employee Commitment, Productivity, and Community Satisfaction in a Police AgencySteinheider, B., Bayerl, P.S. & Wuestewald, T.,2006 Participation in decision making: One more look Locke & Schweiger, 1979 "Facilitator's Guide to Participatory Decision Making" by Sam Kaner et al. (1998)