India as an MRO destination myth or reality

India as an MRO Destination: Myth or Reality

Date :September 21, 2011
Presenter : Vivek Vij

Vivek Vij [ vij.vivek@gmail.com ]

Contents
Executive Summary
Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul Market
MRO Market Segmentation
Type of MRO Check
Global Airline Industry
Airline Industry
MRO Market
Indian Airline Industry
Commercial Aircraft Size – 2011
MRO Market Size
Growth Drivers
Hindrances to Growth
Tax & Regulatory Environment
• Taxes deterrent to growth of Indian MRO
Present MRO service provider in India
Third-party MRO companies
Emerging MRO service provider
Airline in India
Contract details with foreign MRO Companies

2

Executive Summary
India’s civil aviation sector is one of the most dynamic in the world, with an Administration (FAA), which result into not being able to service
estimated 15 percent annual passenger traffic growth rate triggering fleet leased aircraft of domestic and international airlines.
expansion among the country’s airlines, as well as the expansion and
modernization of airport infrastructure. With a significant and sudden rise in Major players such as Air India, Indian Airlines, Jet Airways etc have established
the total fleet size in India, the demand for MRO services has also increased their own MRO teams and have adequate maintenance capability. However,
rapidly, unfortunately aircraft maintenance has not received adequate focus several other players such as Indigo, GoAir, Kingfisher Airline do not have
and coverage. adequate manpower and skills for MRO and therefore source their
maintenance requirements from abroad, so India faces stiff competition from
The rapid growth of the industry has attracted major global aerospace neighboring MRO hubs like Dubai, Singapore, Malaysia and China .
companies for establishing their MRO facility. Great geographic location,
technically oriented, educated talent pool and competitive labour cost To support and catalyze growth in the Indian airline industry and make India as
are some of the advantageous factor for India as a MRO destination. a MRO destination a reality, the government should focus on providing benefits
The major challenge for India being a cost effective MRO hub is high taxes, similar to those that have been extended to other service sectors (IT & ITeS).
regulatory issues, shortage of space at major airports , long term contracts of Government’s support is required in several areas such as clarity in policy as
airlines with foreign MRO service providers. Indian MRO companies lack well as easing and rationalizing tax and providing incentive to companies which
globally recognized certification, such as those issued by the will help in developing and promoting the aerospace sector . Without this
European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) or the Federal Aviation support the Indian MRO industry is likely to be a myth rather than reality.

Vivek Vij [ vij.vivek@gmail.com ] 3

Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO)
• Market Segmentation
• Type of Check


MRO Market Segmentation

Airframe Heavy Maintenance
A detail inspection of the airframe and component - including any applicable corrosion prevention
program and comprehensive structural inspection and overhaul of the aircraft

Engine Overhaul
Off-wing repair and replacement of parts to restore the engine to designed operational condition
to guidelines established by the engine manufacturer. Typically the engine is disassembled,
inspected, parts are repaired or replaced as necessary, re-assembled and tested

Component MRO
Maintenance including repair and overhaul of the aircraft component, which provide the basic
functionality for aircraft control and navigation, communication, control surface movement, cabin
air conditioning electric power and braking

Line maintenance
Light, regular maintenance check up carried out to ensure the aircraft is fit for flight – including
trouble shooting, defect rectification, overnight maintenance and component replacement

Source : Secondary Search Vivek Vij [ vij.vivek@gmail.com ] 5

Type of MRO check

A Check - Done after 125 flight hours (2-3 weeks)
An amplified preflight visual inspection of plane's power plants, avionics and accessories

B-Check - Done approximately after 175 flight hours (3 to 4 months)
An open inspection for preventive maintenance (exterior wash, engine oil)
Oils filters are removed and checked, parts are lubricated and carefully examined

C-Check - Carried out approximately for every 3000 flight hours (15 months)
Incorporates both A and B checks
Components are repaired, major internal mechanism are tested, flights controls are calibrated
Other tests include minor structural inspections, compressor, flight control rigging tests, engine, compressor washes and post-check flight
tests

D-Check - The most intensive, approximately 20, 000 flights hours (6-8 years)
Cabin interiors (including seats, galleys, lavatories, cockpit, furnishings, headliners and sidewalls) are removed to enable careful structural
inspections
Flights controls are examined and the fuel system is probed for leaks and cracks
The aircraft is stripped to its shell and rebuilt to return it to its original configuration.


• Airline Industry
• MRO Market



 Global airline Industry was hit badly by the economic Airline Industry Net Profits (Billions US$)
18
20 14.7
downturn in 2009 (lost $9.9 billion) and the oil price hike in
10 4
2008 (lost $16 billion)
0
 The year 2011 expected to be tough and profits to soften to
-10
the level of $ 4 billion – IATA -9.9
-20 -16
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Global Fleet projection 2010 - 2030
2010 2030
Key Growth Indicators 2010 - 2030
12,960
World economy (GDP) 3.30%
8,740
6,885 Airplane fleet 3.60%
5,445 6,225
3,240 No. of passenger
2,935 2,175 4.20%
1,325
1,325 835 Airline traffic (RPK)
655 5.10%

Europe North Cargo traffic (RTK) 5.60%
Asia pacific Latin Middle
America Africa
America East
Vivek Vij [ vij.vivek@gmail.com ] Source : IATA 8

Global Airline Industry: MRO Market

Europe CIS
$12.8 billion $2.4 billion

North
America
$17.2 billion
Asia-Pacific
$13.3 billion
Middle East
South Africa $2.9 billion
America $1.8 billion
$2.6 billion

$ 53
Global MRO Market 10.7 21.8 11 9.5
Billion
Airframe Heavy Maintenance Engine Overhaul Component MRO Line maintenance

 Commercial Aircraft Size – 2011
 MRO Market Size
 Growth Drivers
 Hindrances to Growth
 Tax & Regulatory Environment
 Taxes Deterrent to Growth of Indian MRO
 Present MRO service provider in India
 Third-party MRO companies
 Emerging MRO service providers


• India is one of the fastest growing economies of the world with
an average GDP growth of over 8.9 percent in last five years
• With ever-increasing passenger traffic and fleet expansion, Indian Airline Industry Net Profits (Billions US$)
particularly by the low-cost airlines, in the Indian aviation sector 1
have opened whole new world of opportunities for international
aircraft companies in the MRO segment 0.5 0.6

• Airlines in India — carry 2% of the world's passengers
0
-0.4
Passenger Carried (Millions)
-0.5

-1.29 -1.5 -1.5
-1

51.03
42.3 -1.5
34.39
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

2008 2009 2010


Commercial Aircraft Size – 2011
Fleet Fleet
Airlines in India Airline Manufacturer
Inactive Service On Order In Service On Order

Air India + Air India Express 132 30 Airbus 182 167

Go Air 10 10 ATR 48 23

Indigo 37 58 Boeing 148 106
Bombardier 0 15
Jet Airways +Jetlite 112 47
Eurocopter 6 0
Kingfisher Airlines 67 117
Grand Total 384 311
Spice Jet 26 49
Total 384 311 In Active Service

Aircraft detail
23% of aircraft are A320-230
In Active Service 20% of aircraft are 737-800 Winglets
46% of aircraft have CFM International CFM56
Engine Detail

On Order
26% of aircraft have International Aero Engines V2500 40% of aircraft are A320-230
On Order 13% of aircraft are 737-800 Winglets
40% of aircraft have International Aero Engines V2500
24% of aircraft have CFM International CFM56
Vivek Vij [ vij.vivek@gmail.com ] Source : Secondary Search 12

Indian Airline Industry: MRO Market Size

 The MRO spend by airlines in India now is $700 million and is
likely to grow to $1.5 billion in 2020 Airframe Heavy
Maintenance ,
 Major components of MRO services in India include engine Line 13%
maintenance ,
overhaul and components. Together, these account for around 27%

60% of MRO services business in terms of value.
 Airframe inspections are labour intensive (70 per cent labour $700m
and 30 per cent materials) and constitute about 13 per cent of
Engine
MRO services business in terms of value. Overhaul, 37%
Component
 In India 80% of Airframe Maintenance is done in-house by MRO, 23%
Airlines themselves


MRO India: Growth Drivers

• Ever-increasing passenger traffic and fleet expansion, particularly the arrival of low-cost airlines, in the Indian

aviation sector have opened up opportunities for international aircraft companies in the MRO segment

• liberal Civil Aviation & Special Economic Zones (SEZ) policies - 100 per cent FDI in MRO sector

• Manpower cost competitiveness - labour costs in India are around $30-35 per man-hour, compared to $55-60 in

South-East Asia and the Middle East and even higher in the US and Europe

• India offers the proximity advantage for countries like Singapore, Malaysia and the UAE

• Rich pool of highly-qualified engineers who can easily be trained

• IT competitiveness


MRO India: Hindrances to Growth
• Major hindrances in India evolving as an MRO destination is the lack of MRO companies having a globally
recognized certification, such as those issued by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) or the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA), to be able to service leased aircraft of domestic and international airlines
• Certification - by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), is not comparable with mandatory European
standards
• Lack of encouragement from government agencies and the absence of an industry regulator
• Private airlines entered into long-term service agreements with foreign MRO players.
• Low investment capability of Indian Companies
• Complex and multi-tiered tax structure wherein a domestic company importing spare parts end up paying close to
30-40 per cent extra as import duty while foreign airlines are exempt from this
• Lack of infrastructure - Hangars space, parking, land availability


MRO India: Tax & Regulatory Environment
• Customs duty is exempt on parts imported for maintenance, repair and overhaul of aircraft subject to specified
conditions. In case these conditions are not satisfied, the customs duty would be up to 27 percent on the parts
imported.

• Services in the nature of maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) are covered under the taxable category of
‘management, maintenance or repair services’ under service tax legislation. In addition, in terms of the Export
of Service Rules, 2005, as amended to date, there are specified parameters (in addition to the location of
performance of the activity) which need to be fulfilled for such services to qualify as export of services and
hence be not charged to service tax.

• High rates of indirect taxes which disincentivize MRO activities

• Imported spares are charged to customs duties up to 24 percent plus Value Added Tax of 4 percent or 12.5
percent on intra State sale there of and Entry Tax / Octroi in specified States / Municipalities.

• Servicing an aircraft in India entails a service tax of 12.36 percent. This burden is reduced to the extent of
service tax credit admissible to MRO customers. Participants in India’s MRO industry believe that the tax regime
needs to change in order to enable India to positioning itself as an MRO hub to the world.


India MRO: Taxes deterrent to growth of Indian MRO

Particulars Indian MRO Foreign MRO
Labour 100.00 100.00
Spares 100.00 100.00
Sub Total 200.00 200.00
Avg. Customs duty @ 24% (On Spares & Materials) 24.00
Octroi @ 5.5% (if applicable) 7.15 -
VAT @12.5% (On Aircraft Spares) 18.40
Service tax @ 10.30% (On Labour) 10.30 -

Airport Royalties @13% on GTO 26.00

Grand Total 285.85 200.00

• Disparity in tax incidence on the Indian MRO’s v/s. foreign MRO’s on the identical / similar nature of transaction.

• 43% overall Cost Benefit to Foreign MROs.


Present MRO service provider in India
MRO Name Location Type of MRO Service Clients
Maintenance schedules and phase
Indamer Mumbai Line maintenance NA
inspections
Mumbai (Additional small
Engine, Line It provides services like Maintenance of
facilities at Delhi, Jaipur,
maintenance, Heavy Airframe, line maintenance, component Air India Express,
Air Works Ahmedabad, Chennai, Pune,
maintenance and maintenance and level of engine Reliance, Birla, Essar.
Hubli, Coimbatur and
Defence MRO maintenance.
Hyderabad)
Jet, Sahara, Deccan,
Max Aerospace Blue dart, Paramount,
Mumbai (Juhu Airport) Avionics, electrical and airframe services
& Aviation ltd King fisher, Spice jet,
Pavan Hans
Presently line and Avionics, electrical and airframe
HAMCO component services, simulation and manufacturing
(Hyderabad maintenance. services.
Aircraft Hyderabad Also planning for Developing Aero Zone in Hyderabad Not Known
Maintenance develop one stop MRO which would provide one stop MRO
Company) providing each and services. This area would be spread
every MRO facility. across 250 acres.
Line and engine Overhaul and repair services relating to Indian Air force, Pavan
HAL Bangalore
maintenance engine segment. Hans etc.

Third-party MRO companies (1/2)

Component
Airframe Engine Avionics Aircraft Passenger-
/ systems Repair Helicopter
Company City maintenanc maintenanc maintenanc interiors to-Freighter
maintenanc services MRO
e e e MRO conversion
e

Air India Maintenance Ltd Mumbai Y Y Y

Air Works India
Hosur Y Y Y Y Y Y
Engineering Pvt Ltd

Blue Dart Aviation Ltd Chennai Y

Eaton Aerospace Pune Y Y Y

HAMCO - Hyderabad
Hyderabad Y
Aircraft Maintenance Co


Third-party MRO companies (2/2)

Component
Airframe Engine Avionics Aircraft Passenger-
/ systems Repair Helicopter
Company City maintenanc maintenanc maintenanc interiors to-Freighter
maintenanc services MRO
e e e MRO conversion
e

Hindustan Aeronautics Bangalore Y

Kazi Aviation & Travel
Chennai Y
Services

Max AeroSpace &
Mumbai Y Y Y Y
Aviation Ltd

NACIL - Air India Mumbai Y

Taneja Aerospace & Belagondap
Y Y Y
Aviation - TAAL alli


Emerging MRO service providers (1/2)
MRO Name Location Types of MRO Status
Maintenance
and Jet Airways has signed a land-leasing and framework agreement with Bangalore
Jet Airways Bangalore
engineering International Airport Limited (BIAL) to set up MRO at BIAL.
facility
Malaysia Airlines and
Signed agreement to set up MRO at Rajiv Gandhi international Airport in 2008. For
GMR Hyderabad Airframe MRO
Hyderabad Airbus A320 family and Boeing 737 aircraft - including 737 Classic and 737 NG (Next
International Airport unit
Generation) investment of RS 400 Cr.
Ltd
Boeing plans to establish a facility spreading across 100 acres of land at Mihan SEZ
Maintenance in Nagpur. The facility will have two hangars (each measuring 100x100 meters),
Boeing and Air India Nagpur
work capable of accommodating aircrafts like the Boeing-777, 747-800, will have a
capacity to service nearly five aircraft every month. Investment of $100 Million.
Thales International, the aerospace, defence and security major, has tentatively
Thales International Gurgaon
planned to build an avionics maintenance centre in Gurgaon, Haryana.
TAAL entered into a MRO facility agreement with Air Works Commercial MRO
Taneja Aerospace &
Hosur MRO and Services Pvt Ltd in 2008, wherein the company would be licensing 7 acres of land
Aviation Ltd (TAAL)
(Tamilnadu) aviation park and up to 5 hanger space on a long term basis which is a step towards the
with Air Works
company's strategy to develop its private air field as a MRO and Aviation park


Emerging MRO service providers (2/2)
MRO Name Location Types of MRO Status

Manufacturing
Sabena Technics of TAT
Hosur of components Sabena technics has signed agreement with TAAL to develop an MRO at TAAL's
Group, France with
(Tamilnadu) and airfield in Hosur.
TAAL
maintenance

Indian Airlines and aerospace company Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL) will team up
Airbus with Indian Nashik and
MRO with European aircraft manufacturer, Airbus Industries, to set up a maintenance,
Airlines + HAL Mumbai.
repair and overhaul (MRO) venture at an estimated cost of over Rs 500 crore.

Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL) entered into a joint venture agreement with global
HAL and Pratt and
Engine aerospace major Pratt and Whitney Canada (P&WC) for an aircraft maintenance,
Whitney Canada Bangalore
maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO) centre in Bangalore. The MRO would have yearly
(P&WC)
capacity of 150 aircraft.

Indian Airlines has signed an agreement with Airbus and Bangalore-based Jupiter
Jupiter Aviation and
Aerospace to form a MRO joint venture. The joint venture is for MRO and life cycle
Logistics Pvt. Ltd
support of commercial aircraft.


Airline in India
• Air India + Air India Express
• Indigo
• Jet Airways + Jetlite
• Spice Jet
• Kingfisher
• Go Air


Air India + Air India Express

Air India - India's flag-carrier operating a network of
passenger and cargo services worldwide, together
with an extensive domestic network. Passenger Carried (Million)

Air India Express - Low-cost Air India subsidiary 5.69
6.21
5.41 5.19
operating flights to international destinations, 4.99 5.03

primarily in the Middle East.

Air India Air India Express
Type of Airline Full Service Low Cost
Parent Company Air India Limited 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Subsidiaries Air India Express
IATA Code AI IX
Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra, Indian
Destinations 75 31


Air India + Air India Express
MRO Detail (Engine)
Row Labels In Service On Order Contract Detail
CFM International CFM56 69 0
Airbus A319-110 24 0
23 Feb, 2011 - SR Technics Partners with Air India for 2 years
Airbus A320-210 4 0
20 April, 2010 - Chromalloy partners with Air India for two-year for repair of certain
Airbus A321-210 20 0
parts and components on the airline’s CF6, PW4000, CFM56-7B engines and APUs.
Boeing 737 (NG)-800 Winglets 21 0
General Electric CF6 4 0
Airbus A310-300 4 0
General Electric GE90 20 3
Boeing 777-200LR 8 0
03 Feb, 2011 - GE Aviation partners with Air India for 20-year
Boeing 777-300ER 12 3
General Electric GEnx 0 27
April, 2011 - GE Aviation and Air India have signed a GE Branded Services
Boeing 787-8 0 27 Agreement (GBSA) under which GE Aviation will provide technical support as Air
India offers MRO services for the GEnx-1B engine
International Aero Engines V2500 32 0
Airbus A320-230 32 0 Internal ( Air India )
Pratt & Whitney PW4000 7 0
Airbus A330-220 2 0
SR Technics Partners with Air India for Engine Maintenance and Component support
Boeing 747-400 5 0
Grand Total 132 30

Indigo Airline

Privately owned budget airline operating domestic
passenger services to domestic destinations. Passenger Carried (Million)

8.5

6.1
4.75
Type of Airline Low Cost 3.25

Parent Company InterGlobe Enterprises 0.42 0.42
Subsidiaries
IATA Code 6E 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Headquarters Gurgaon, Haryana, India
Destinations 26 (in India) 3 (International)


Indigo Airline
MRO Detail (Engine)
International Aero Engines
37 58
V2500
30 Mar, 2011 - SriLankan Airlines aircraft maintenance arm SriLankan Engineering
Airbus A320-230 37 58
secured contract to carry out maintenance (C-checks) on 20 aircraft in 2011.
Grand Total 37 58

IndiGo Airline has signed a Memorandum of Understanding for 180 eco-efficient Airbus A320 aircraft of which 150
will be A320neo and selected Pratt & Whitney PurePower PW1100G engines to power its fleet of 150 new Airbus
A320neo aircraft.


Jet Airways + Jetlite
Jet Airways - India’s largest airline by passengers carried. It a
privately owned carrier that operates scheduled services to
destinations across India and to North America, Europe,
Passenger Carried (Million)
Africa, Asia, Europe, the Gulf and North America.
19.00

Jetlite - Jet Airways subsidiary operating all-economy class 13.91 14.78 14.48
15.65

flights to India's metropolitan centre from hubs at Chennai, 12.10

Delhi, Kolkata and Mumbai. Helicopter charter services and
aerial work are available.
Jet Airways Jetlite
Type of Airline Full Service Full Service 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Parent Company Tailwinds Limited
Subsidiaries JetLite
IATA Code 9W S2
Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Destinations 75 30

Jet Airways + Jetlite
MRO Detail (Engine)
Boeing 737 (NG)-700 / 700 Winglets 16/4 0/0
31 Mar, 2010 - Jet Airways and JetLite partners with ST Aerospace for
Boeing 737 (NG)-800 / 800 Winglets 14/ 37 0/30
maintenance of CFM56 engines ( 67 Boeing 737) for 10 years.
Boeing 737 (NG)-900 2 0
General Electric CF6 10 5
Airbus A330-200 10 5
General Electric GE90 3 2
Boeing 777-300ER 3 2
Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100 20 0
ATR ATR 72-500 20 0
Rolls-Royce Trent 2 0
Airbus A330-240 2 0
Turbomeca Arriel 1 0
Eurocopter AS365-SA365N2 1 0
Turbomeca Arrius 3 0
Eurocopter AS355-N 3 0
Unannounced 0 10
Boeing 787-8 0 10
Grand Total 112 47


Spice Jet

Spice Jet - Low-fare, no-frills, airline operating scheduled
domestic passenger services linking nearly 20 domestic
destinations from New Delhi and 6 regional hubs. 6.77

International services link Delhi with Kathmandu and 5.45
4.47
Chennai with Colombo. 3.4
2.1

0.67
Type of Airline Low Cost
Parent Company Sun Group 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Subsidiaries
IATA Code SG
Headquarters Gurgaon, Haryana, India
Destinations 22

Spice Jet
MRO Detail (Engine)
Boeing 737 (NG)-800 1 0
19 Jan,2010 - MAS Aerospace Engineering partners with SpiceJet (3-year ) for
Boeing 737 (NG)-800 Winglets 20 30
“C” and Heavy check for 19 aircraft
Boeing 737 (NG)-900ER 5 4
Bombardier (de Havilland) Dash 8-
0 15
400 NextGen
Grand Total 26 49

Bombardier Aerospace has announced that SpiceJet has signed a 10-year agreement under the
SmartParts programme that will provide a wide spectrum of cost-per-flight-hour maintenance for the
airline’s fleet of Q400 NextGen aircraft. The Indian low-cost carrier has just taken delivery of the first
two of 15 aircraft.


Kingfisher Airline

Kingfisher Airline - Operates an extensive domestic
network , targeting the business traveller in particular.
Plans to develop regional and long-haul international
12.58
11.79
10.96
services were put on hold in November 2008 due to
8.68
7.54
poor market conditions 6.46

Type of Airline Full Service
Parent Company United Breweries Group 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Subsidiaries Kingfisher Xpress
IATA Code IT
Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra
Destinations 71

Kingfisher Airline
MRO Detail (Engine)
Row Labels In Service On Order
Honeywell (Garrett) TFE731 1 0
BAE SYSTEMS (HS) 125/ Hawker-700 1 0
International Aero Engines V2500 32 67
Airbus A319-130 2 0
12 Jan, 2011 - Kingfisher Airline, partners with Lufthansa Technik for 10 years to provide
Airbus A319-CJ 1 0
Total Engine Support (TES), Total Component Support (TCS), and Airframe Related
Airbus A320-230 21 67
Component (ARC) Services for Airbus A320 fleet.
Airbus A321-230 8 0
ATR ATR 42-500 2 0
18 July, 2006 - Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. (P&WC), a United Technologies Corp, partners
ATR ATR 72-500 25 0
with Kingfisher Airlines (5 years) to maintain engines of 35 ATR 72-500 turboprop aircraft
ATR ATR 72-600 0 23
Pratt & Whitney PW4000 5 15
Airbus A330-220 5 15
Rolls-Royce Trent 0 7
Airbus A340-540 0 2
Airbus A350-800XWB 0 5
Turbomeca Arriel 2 0
Eurocopter EC155-B1 2 0
Engines Unannounced 0 5
Airbus A380-800 0 5
Grand Total 67 117

Go Air

Go Air - Privately owned budget airline operating
domestic passenger services to domestic destinations. Passenger Carried (Million)

3.09

2.06
1.79
1.36
0.91 0.91

Type of Airline Low Cost
Parent Company Wadia Group
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Subsidiaries
IATA Code G8
Headquarters Mumbai, India
Destinations 11


Go Air
MRO Detail (Engine)
In On
Row Labels Contract DEtail
Service Order
8 July, 2009: Abraaj Capital subsidiary Jordan Aircraft Maintenance Ltd. Partners with GoAir
Airbus A320-210 10 10
for heavy C-checks on Airbus A320s.
Grand Total 10 10

23Jun11: GoAir signed a order for 72 Airbus A320neos


Transcending boundaries…

Thank You …

Contact Details

Vivek Vij
E-mail : vij.vivek@gmail.com

India as an MRO destination myth or reality

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