This document provides information on greenhouse cultivation of roses. It begins with an introduction to roses including their scientific name and origins. It then discusses various rose species and varieties that are commonly grown. The document outlines the ideal climate and soil conditions for greenhouse rose cultivation. It also describes propagation methods, pruning, irrigation, and other horticultural practices. Finally, it discusses harvesting, postharvest handling, and some common physiological disorders of roses.

1. Greenhouse Cultivation of Rose
A.VIGNESH KUMAR
Assistant Professor,
Department of Horticulture

2. Introduction
• Scientific name: Rosa hybrida
• Family : Rosaceae
• Origin : India
• Chromosome number: 2n=14
• Queen of flower/Perfume of god/ Symbol of
love.
• Other name : Gulab

3. • Bourbon rose: British introduced to India
• Damask rose: Baber introduced to India
• It is the 1st rank of the cut flower.
• Fragrance is controlled by polygene.
• Inheritance of pigments: Additive gene action.
• “Rose in India “ book written by Dr.B.P.Pal
• “Survey of Rose Breeding” in India book written by
Dr.B.P.Pal
• 1st rose variety of Dr.B.P. Pal (IARI): Rose Sherbet in
1962.
• Crimson China Rose is considered as the father of
modern roses.
• First Red is the most famous variety in rose.
• Blue colour variety- Samba
• Thorn less variety rose : Chitra

4. Species
• There are more than 120 species.
• Miniature rose is called baby rose or fairy rose.
• Bourbon roses are known as reunion rose.
• China roses are the ancestor of the present day popular
roses.
• Yellow rose- Rosa foetida
• Cabbage rose- Rosa centifolia
• Edward rose- Rosa bourboniana
• Dog rose- Rosa canina
• Himalayan musk rose- Rosa brunonii
• Musk rose- Rosa moschata
• Damask rose- Rosa damascene
• Bengal or China rose- Rosa chinensis
• Green rose- Rosa chinensis viridiflora
• Thorn less rose species – Rosa blande.

5. Uses
• Cut flowers
• Loose flowers
• Pot plants
• Garden display
• Bouquet making
• Stage decoration
• Vase table decoration

7. Garden display

8. Pot plants

9. Bouquet

10. Stage decoration

11. Stage decoration

12. Perfume and allied products
• Rose water
• Rose oil
• Gulkand
• Pankhuri
• Gul-roghan
• Vitamins- Rose fruits-Hips

13. Gulkand

14. Pankhuri

16. Rose fruit-Hips

17. Climate and soil
• Greenhouse cultivation
• Well fertile loamy soil
• Soil pH : 6.5-7
• Day temperature: 15-18˚C
• Night temperature: 10-15˚C
• RH: 70-80%

18. Varieties
• Hybrid Tea- First Red, Avon, Happiness,
Super star, Kiss of fire, Eiffel tower, Supriya,
Blue Perfume, Black lady, President.
• Floribunda-Ice-berg, Summer snow,
Chandrama, Cherisma, Angel face, Sea pearl,
Suriya kiran, Doris norman.
• Polyanthes-Anjani, Rasmi, Priti, Swati.
• Miniature- Beauty secret, Dark Beauty, Fast
fire, Silver tip, Blue bird, Star and strip,
Windy City.

19. • Climbing – Climbing crimson glory, Black
boy, High moon, Lamark, Lady water loo.
• Other- YCD-1,YCD-2, YCD-3.
• IIHR: Arka Parimala, Arka Suganya, Arka
Ivory, Arka Pride.
• IARI:Pusa Mohit, Pusa Ajay, Pusa Arun, Pusa
Ranjana, Pusa Christina, Pusa Abhishek, Pusa
Priya.
• NBRA: Summer Holiday, Winter Holiday.

20. My Valentine rose

21. Mazurka rose

22. Girafin diana rose

23. Mainzer fastnacht Rose

24. Grand chateua rose

25. Salmon patio rose

26. Jacques cartier rose

27. Tiny Orange rose

28. Roxy miniature rose

29. Velvet fragrance rose

30. Large yellow rose

31. Light pink rose

32. Miniflora rose

33. Yellow red hybrid tea rose

34. Apricot tea rose

35. Cupcake tea rose

36. Bravehaeart rose

37. Summer song rose

38. Deep secret rose

39. James mason rose

40. IARI

45. Blue angel

46. Beauty secret

47. Cindrella

48. Climbing eden

49. Dancing flame

50. Gold medal

51. Ice berg

52. Golden beauty

53. Miniature rose

54. Miniature rose

55. Angel face

56. Summer snow

57. CONFETTI

58. FIRST LOVE

59. TINEKE

60. GRAND GALA

61. SKYLINE

62. AALSMEER GOLD

63. Botanical Description
• The stem is prickly.
• The leaves are alternate and pinnately
compound.
• The oval leaflets are sharply toothed. The
fleshly berry like fruit is known as hip.
• Roses have a determinant inflorescence
that may assume corymbs, paniculate or
solitary form.

64. Propagation and planting
• T or shield budding
• Spacing 75 ˣ 75 cm

65. T-Budding

66. Manuring
• FYM 10 kg and NPK 8:8:16 g /Plant .after
each pruning

67. Irrigation
• Drip or overhead sprinkler irrigation.
• First few months –regular irrigation.
• Frequent irrigation is given 5-6days intervals.

68. Weeding
• When weeding is required that weeding can
be done.
• Manual weeding.
• Chemical weeding.

69. Pruning
• Remove unwanted branches.
• Pruning is done during March and October.

70. Special horticultural practices
• Supporting or staking
• Dis-budding
• De-shooting
• De-foliation
• Soil-loosening
• Bending

71. Dis-budding
• Remove the side buds.

72. De-shooting
• Remove dead or diseased shoots.

73. Bending

74. BUD NETTING/CAPPING
To regulate the shape of
the buds. Some
varieties should be
covered with bud nets

75. Soil loosening- After 6 month soil become hard.
It has to be loosened for efficient irrigation.
Defoliation- Removal of leaves.

76. Harvesting
 Early morning/late evening
 Tight bud stage with 60 – 90 cm long stems
 Stage of harvest depends on variety /consumers demand
 Flowers kept in water with preservatives
 Transported to cold store (2 to 40C)
YIELD
 I year : 100-120 flowers/m2
 II year : 200-240 flowers/m2
 III year : 300-360 flowers/m2

77. Physiological disorders
• Blindwood
• Bullhead or Malformed flowers
• Colour fadding
• Limp neck
• Blackening of petals

78. FLOWERS WITH PRESERVATIVES

79. PRECOOLING

80. LEAF STRIPPING

81. GRADING

82. GRADING

83. GRADING OF FLOWERS

84. PACKING

85. GRADING AND PACKING

87. COLD STORAGE UNIT

88. PACKAGING