1. Nisrina Atikah

2. Present & past
 Present Simple
 Present Continuous
 Present Perfect
 Present Perfect Continuous
 Past Simple
 Past Continuous
 Past Perfect
 Past Perfect Continuous
 Future Simple
 Future Continuous
 Future Perfect
 Future Perfect Continuous
 Past Future Simple
 Past Future Continuous
 Past Future Perfect
 Past Future Perfect
Continuous
Future & past future

3.  To talk about Habitual Action (Habit), Timetable, General Truth
and Fact.
Forms:
+ S + base verb (-s/-es) + complement.
ex: We pass the national exams.
- S + do/does + not + base verb + complement.
ex: We don’t pass the national exams.
? Do/Does + s + base verb + complement?
ex: Do we pass the national exams?
-? Don’t/Doesn’t + s + base verb + complement?
ex: Don’t we pass the national exams?

4. OR
+ S + am/is/are + adjective + complement.
ex: She is lovely.
- S + am/is/are + not + adjective + complement.
ex: She is not lovely.
? Am/Is/Are + s adjective + complement?
ex: Is she lovely?
-? Isn’t/Aren’t + s + adjective + complement?
ex: Isn’t she lovely?

5.  Something is Happening now, at this very moment.
Forms:
+ S + am/is/are + present participle + complement.
ex: I am daydreaming now.
- S + am/is/are + not + present participle + complement.
ex: I am not daydreaming now.
? Am/Is/Are + s + present participle + complement?
ex: Am I daydreaming now?
-? Isn’t/Aren’t + s + present participle + complement?
ex: Aren’t I daydreaming now?

6.  To talk about experience.
Forms:
+ S + have/has + past participle + complement.
ex: They have gone there.
- S + have/has + not + past participle + complement.
ex: They haven’t gone there.
? Have/Has + s + past participle + complement?
ex: Have they gone there?
-? Haven’t/Hasn’t + s + past participle + complement?
ex: Haven’t they gone there?

7.  Something started in the past and has been continuing up until
now.
Forms:
+ S + have/has + been + present participle + complement.
ex: He has been talking about it before.
- S + have/has + not + been + present participle + complement.
ex: He has not been talking about it before.
? Have/Has + s + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Has he been talking about it before?
-? Haven’t/Hasn’t + s + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Hasn’t he been talking about it before?

8.  An action started and finished at a specific time in the past.
Forms:
+ S + past verb + complement.
ex: You destroyed my book.
- S + did + not + base verb + complement.
ex: You did not destroy my book.
? Did + s + base verb + complement?
ex: Did you destroy my book?
-? Didn’t + s + base verb + complement?
ex: Didn’t you destroy my book?

9. OR
+ S + was/were + adjective + complement.
ex: It was delicious!
- S + was/were + not + adjective + complement.
ex: It wasn’t delicious!
? Was/Were + s + adjective + complement?
ex: Was it delicious?
-? Wasn’t/Weren’t +s + adjective + complement?
ex: Wasn’t it delicious?

10.  To indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted.
Forms:
+ S + was/were + present participle + complement.
ex: She was singing in the bathroom yesterday.
- S + was/were + not + present participle + complement.
ex: She wasn’t singing in the bathroom yesterday.
? Was/Were + s + present participle + complement?
ex: Was she singing in the bathroom yesterday?
-? Wasn’t/Weren’t + s + present participle + complement?
ex: Wasn’t she singing in the bathroom yesterday?

11.  Completed action before something in the past.
Forms:
+ S + had + past participle + complement.
ex: We had done it very well.
- S + had + not + past participle + complement.
ex: We hadn’t done it very well.
? Had + s + past participle + complement?
ex: Had we done it very well.
-? Hadn’t + s + past participle + complement?
ex: Hadn’t we done it very well.

12.  Something started in the past and had been continuing up until
another time in the past.
Forms:
+ S + had + been + present participle + complement.
ex: He had been locking the door.
- S + had + not + been + present participle + complement.
- ex: He hadn’t been locking the door.
? Had + s + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Had he been locking the door?
-? Hadn’t + s + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Hadn’t he been locking the door?

13.  Express the idea of a general prediction about the future.
Forms:
+ S + will/shall + base verb + complement.
ex: They will do it.
- S + will/shall + not + base verb + complement.
ex: They will not do it.
? S + will/shall + base verb + complement?
ex: Will they do it?
-? Won’t + s + base verb + complement?
ex: Won’t they do it.

14.  To indicate that a longer action it the future will be interrupted
by a shorter action in the future.
Forms:
+ S + will + be + present participle + complement.
ex: She will be going to United Kingdom.
- S + will + not + be + present participle + complement.
ex: She won’t be going to United Kingdom.
? Will + s + be + present participle + complement?
ex: Will she be going to United Kingdom?
-? Won’t + s + be + present participle + complement?
ex: Won’t she be going to United Kingdom?

15.  Completed action before something in the future.
Forms:
+ S + will/shall + have + past participle + complement.
ex: I will have made it!
- S + will/shall + not + have + past participle + complement.
ex: I will not have made it!
? Will + s + have + past participle + complement?
ex: Will I have made it?
-? Won’t + s + have + past participle + complement?
ex: Won’t I have made it?

16.  Something will have been continuing up until a particular event or
time in the future.
Forms:
+ S + will + have + been + present participle + complement.
ex: You will have been going there.
- S + will + not + have + been + present participle + complement.
ex: You will not have been going there.
? Will + s + have + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Will you have been going there?
-? Won’t + s + have + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Won’t you have been going there?

17. Forms:
+ S + would/should + base verb + complement.
ex: He would write that journal.
- S + would/should + not + base verb + complement.
ex: He wouldn’t write that journal.
? Would + s + base verb + complement?
ex: Would he write that journal?
-? Wouldn’t + s + base verb + complement?
ex: Wouldn’t he write that journal?

18. Forms:
+ S + would/should + be + present participle + complement.
ex: They would be jogging around there.
- S + would/should + not + be + present participle + complement.
ex: They wouldn’t be jogging around there.
? Would + s + be + present participle +complement?
ex: Would they be jogging around there?
-? Wouldn’t + s + be + present participle +complement?
ex: Wouldn’t they be jogging around there?

19. Forms:
+ S + would/should + have + past participle + complement.
ex: She would have read that book.
- S + would/should + not + have + past participle + complement.
ex: She wouldn’t have read that book.
? Would + s + have + past participle + complement?
ex: Would she have read that book?
-? Wouldn’t + s + have + past participle + complement?
ex: Wouldn’t she have read that book?

20. Forms:
+ S + would/should + have + been + present participle + complement.
ex: We would have been eating it.
- S + would/should + not + have + been + present participle +
complement.
ex: We wouldn’t have been eating it.
? Would + s + have + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Would we have been eating it?
-? Wouldn’t + s + have + been + present participle + complement?
ex: Would we have been eating it?