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Mobility and the politics of
place
Tensions and transactions between corporations and
communities in the global economy
IMER presentation 29.11.2013

Tarje I. Wanvik, Dept. of Geography, University of Bergen
Content
Master findings
Curiosity killed the career…
PhD research questions
Main hypotheses
Existing research
Theoretical base
Empirical base
Methodological base
Stakeholder management
CSR
Company

Local
Government
Oil and gas
regulator

National
government

Local
Community
Curiosity killed the career
”I would say that CSR curbs inquiries of bribes or
other forms of corrupt practices. We don’t bribe, but
instead we want to create something that lasts”
(CEO Company B, interview 08.11.12).
“CSR ties our company to the local
communities. And vice versa. We build
common trust and tolerance of each
other’s different roles and
responsibilities. It is like with friends: you
have to get to know them before you
can do something together”
(CEO, Company B)
All fine…
But how are the social
investments received and
perceived by the local
communities?
PhD Research objectives
I will examine how Norwegian companies abroad
and their expatriate personnel are received and
perceived within the local communities they
operate. Are they subject to territorialising forces,
and if so, are they responding relevant to local
expectations?
Second, I will explore the different mediating and
mitigating activities employed by all parties
following the encounters of such polarised
realities, formulating three main hypotheses:
Main hypotheses
1. Corruption is a consequence of the lack of reciprocity

between transnational companies, expatriates and
the local community
2. Corporate Social Responsibility activities may curb

expectations of corruption and other irregular
resource transfers, and contribute to a more
transparent and accountable reciprocity between
companies, expatriates and communities.
3. Both companies and local communities develop

strategies of attachment and detachment in the
intersection of hyper mobile corporate activities and
more place bound local communities.
Reciprocity mismatch
Global scale

National scale

Local scale

Company
Reciprocity mismatch
Global scale

National scale

Local scale

Company
Existing research
Transnationalism and globalism:
Labour migration (south-north, south-south)
Expats in gated communities (cultural shocks and
adjustments, urban landscapes, management
literature)
Technology-driven mobility (cyber societies, virtual
mobilisation, networks)
The shrinking world of tourism

Missing:
The dialogue between companies, expats and local
communities – tensions and transactions caused by
mobility and inequalities
Existing research
CSR
Profitability studies for companies, triple bottom
line
Motivational base
Missing:
Grounding effects of social investments
Reality checks of social investments on the
ground
Strategic choices
Existing research
Corruption
Economic costs for companies (management)
Structural explanations and causes (political
science)
Morality and social exchange (anthropology)

Missing
Linking frictions caused by mobility and
inequalities, with corruption and social
investments
Theoretical base
Geographies of globalisation:
Dwelling
Spatial capital
Mobility
Assemblages: territorialisation and de-territorialisation
Grounding: attachment and detachment
Social investments, trust and knowledge
Socio-spatial tensions
Scales
Politics of place
(Heidegger, Stock, Levy, Cailly, Massey, De Landa,
Cresswell, Tuan, Grimen, Agnew, Said, Amin)
Empirical base
Norwegian companies in Indonesia and Canada
Norwegian expatriate communities
Local communities; NGOs, local governments or
authorities, CSOs and other interest groups
Methodological base
Case studies
Interviews
Document analysis
Achievements
What I hope to achieve is a broader
understanding of
Corporate Social Responsibility and social
investments
How corporations and expats are responding to
local expectations
How social investments are effecting local
communities
Finally, I want to examine if social investments
have an impact on expectations of corruption and
other irregular resource transfers from companies
to communities.

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Mobility and the Politics of Place: tensions and transactions between corporations and communities in the global economy.

  • 1. Mobility and the politics of place Tensions and transactions between corporations and communities in the global economy IMER presentation 29.11.2013 Tarje I. Wanvik, Dept. of Geography, University of Bergen
  • 2. Content Master findings Curiosity killed the career… PhD research questions Main hypotheses Existing research Theoretical base Empirical base Methodological base
  • 3. Stakeholder management CSR Company Local Government Oil and gas regulator National government Local Community
  • 4. Curiosity killed the career ”I would say that CSR curbs inquiries of bribes or other forms of corrupt practices. We don’t bribe, but instead we want to create something that lasts” (CEO Company B, interview 08.11.12).
  • 5. “CSR ties our company to the local communities. And vice versa. We build common trust and tolerance of each other’s different roles and responsibilities. It is like with friends: you have to get to know them before you can do something together” (CEO, Company B)
  • 6. All fine… But how are the social investments received and perceived by the local communities?
  • 7. PhD Research objectives I will examine how Norwegian companies abroad and their expatriate personnel are received and perceived within the local communities they operate. Are they subject to territorialising forces, and if so, are they responding relevant to local expectations? Second, I will explore the different mediating and mitigating activities employed by all parties following the encounters of such polarised realities, formulating three main hypotheses:
  • 8. Main hypotheses 1. Corruption is a consequence of the lack of reciprocity between transnational companies, expatriates and the local community 2. Corporate Social Responsibility activities may curb expectations of corruption and other irregular resource transfers, and contribute to a more transparent and accountable reciprocity between companies, expatriates and communities. 3. Both companies and local communities develop strategies of attachment and detachment in the intersection of hyper mobile corporate activities and more place bound local communities.
  • 9. Reciprocity mismatch Global scale National scale Local scale Company
  • 10. Reciprocity mismatch Global scale National scale Local scale Company
  • 11. Existing research Transnationalism and globalism: Labour migration (south-north, south-south) Expats in gated communities (cultural shocks and adjustments, urban landscapes, management literature) Technology-driven mobility (cyber societies, virtual mobilisation, networks) The shrinking world of tourism Missing: The dialogue between companies, expats and local communities – tensions and transactions caused by mobility and inequalities
  • 12. Existing research CSR Profitability studies for companies, triple bottom line Motivational base Missing: Grounding effects of social investments Reality checks of social investments on the ground Strategic choices
  • 13. Existing research Corruption Economic costs for companies (management) Structural explanations and causes (political science) Morality and social exchange (anthropology) Missing Linking frictions caused by mobility and inequalities, with corruption and social investments
  • 14. Theoretical base Geographies of globalisation: Dwelling Spatial capital Mobility Assemblages: territorialisation and de-territorialisation Grounding: attachment and detachment Social investments, trust and knowledge Socio-spatial tensions Scales Politics of place (Heidegger, Stock, Levy, Cailly, Massey, De Landa, Cresswell, Tuan, Grimen, Agnew, Said, Amin)
  • 15. Empirical base Norwegian companies in Indonesia and Canada Norwegian expatriate communities Local communities; NGOs, local governments or authorities, CSOs and other interest groups
  • 17. Achievements What I hope to achieve is a broader understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility and social investments How corporations and expats are responding to local expectations How social investments are effecting local communities Finally, I want to examine if social investments have an impact on expectations of corruption and other irregular resource transfers from companies to communities.