ppt

1. SEMINAR ON:
ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMOF HEALTH
&
COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES
Presented by:
swati
pal

2. ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM OF
HEALTH
&
COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES
Prepared by
Swati pal
Snsr sharda university

3. INTRODUCTION
 Complementary therapy services are healing
therapies used together with conventional
medicine.
 Complementary therapies aim to treat the
whole person, not just the symptom of
diseases.
 Complementary therapy is known by
different terms including alternative therapy,
alternative medicine, holistic therapy &
traditional medicine

5. DEFINITION
 Complementary & alternative medicine is
group of diverse medical & health care
system, practices & products that are not
generally considered part of conventional
medicine.
 All practices and ideas defined by their
users as preventing or treating illness or
promoting health and well-being are
included.”

6. REASONS TO USE ALTERNATIVE
THERAPIES
 Poor prognosis
 Focus of care is comfort not cure
 Desire to be more active in one’s own health
care
 Reduce side effects of treatment
 Reduce side effects of disease
 Suggestions be family, friends and society
 Philosophical or cultural orientation
 Less expensive than conventional medicine

7.  Dissatisfaction with or loss of trust in
conventional medicine
 Desire to treat the disease in a natural
way
 Decrease the feelings of hopelessness
and helplessness
 Improve the immune system
 Improve the quality of life


8. TYPES OF COMPLEMENTARY AND
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE:
 ALTERNATIVE MEDICAL SYSTEM
 BIOLOGICALY BASED THERAPIES
 MANIPULATIVE THERAPIES
 ENERGY BASED THERAPIS.
 MIND BODY INTERVENTIONS.

9. 1.ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS OF HEALTH:

10. SUB TYPES OF ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM OF
INDIA:
 AYURVEDA
 SIDDHA
 UNANI AND TIBBI
 HOMEOPATHY
 NATUROPATHY
 HYDROTHERAPY
 YOGA

11.  In Sanskrit , the word Ayurveda consist of the words ayus ,
meaning “life” and veda , meaning “realted to knowledge ,or
science”
 Evolving throughout its history ,Ayurveda remains an
influential system of medicine in south Asia .The earliest
literature of Ayurveda appeared during the vedic period in India
.

12.  The Sushruta Samhita and
the Charaka Samhita were
influential works on
traditional medicine during
this era .
 Ayurvedic practitioners also
identified a medicinal
preparations and surgical
procedures for curing
various ailments and
diseases.

13. AIM OF AYURVEDA—
“PRAYOJANAM CHASYA – SWASTHASYA
SWASTHA RAKSHANAM
AATURASYA VIKARPRASHAMANAM CHA”
 According to charak samhita (an ancient
ayurveda text) ayurveda has two main objectives
 1st is ‘swasthasya swastha rakshanam” i.e. to
help the healthy person to protect & maintain his
swasthya ( wellness).
 2nd is “aaturasya vikar prashamanam” i.e. to help
a diseased person to become healthy & to stay
healthy forever.

14.  The aim is to remove the cause of disorders , prevent
illness and harmonize body ,mind and
consciousness. Ayurveda aids in maintain good
health , increasing longevity and overall quality of life
.
 Alternative Ayurvedic treatments and self help
regimens include :nutrition , herbal remedies ,
aromatherapy , lifestyle recommendations ,massage
treatments ,color /sound therapy ,meditation
,panckarma (etoxification ),yoga .Ayurveda
empowers the individual to take control of their own
health and well being .

15. CORE PRINCIPLES
 The knowledge of Ayurveda was passed on orally through
a lineage of sages in India until it was collated into text
more than five thousand years ago. The oldest known
texts on Ayurveda are theCharaka Samhita, Sushruta
Samhita, and the Ashtanga Hrudaya.
 These texts detail the affect that the five elements found
in the cosmic system - earth, water, air, fire, space – have
on our individual system, and expound on the importance
of keeping these elements balanced for a healthy and
happy life.

16.  According to Ayurveda, each person will be
influenced by certain elements more than others.
This is because of their prakriti, or natural
constitution. Ayurveda categorizes the different
constitutions into three different doshas:
 Vata dosha, in which the air and space elements
dominate
 Pitta dosha, in which the fire element dominates
 Kapha dosha, in which the earth and water
elements dominate

17. DIFFERENT AYURVEDIC
THERAPIES:
 Ayurvedic Treatment can grossly be divided
into Shodhana and Shamana i.e. purificatory and
palliative therapy respectively.

The shodhana therapy includes procedures that
eradicate the vitiated humors from the body. eg.vamana
(emesis), virechana (purgation), vasti (enema), nasya
(nasal errhines).
The shaman procedure comprises techniques that pacify
the doshas or bring them back to normalcy
e.g. deepana (carminative), pachana (digestive), upavasa
(fasting) etc

18. SIDDHA
The siddha medicine is a form of south Indian Tamil
traditional medicine a and part of the trio Indian
medicines ayurveda, siddha and unani ,
The system is believed to be developed by the 9 nath
and 84siddhas in the north and 18siddhas in the south
called siddhar.

19.  Siddharas were given the concept that a
healthy soul can only be developed
through a healthy body .
 So they developed methods and medication
that are believed to strengthen their
physical body and thereby their souls .
 Men and women who dedicated their lives
into developing the system were called
Siddharas

20.  The normal equilibrium of
three humors (vatha ,pitha
and kapha )is disturbed ,
disease is caused.
 The factors which assumed to
affect this equilibrium are
environment , climatic
conditions ,diet ,physical
activites , and stress .
 According to the siddha
medicine system ,diet and life
style play a major role not
only but also in curing
diseases .

21. UNANI
 UNANI :As an alternative form of medicine ,unani has
found favour in Asia especially India .
 In India these Unani practitioners can practice as
qualified doctors ,as the Indian government approves
their practice.
 Unani medicine is very close to Ayurveda .

22.  Both are based on theory of
the presence of the elements
(in unani , they are considered
to be fire ,water ,earth ,and air
) in the human body .
 According to followers of
unani medicine , these
elements are present in
different fluids and their
balance leads to health and
their imbalance leads to
illness .

23. HOMEOPATHY
 Homeopathy is a medical science
developed by Dr. Samuel
Hahnemann (1755-1843), a German
physician.
 According to this theory, the right
medicinal substance for a particular
set of symptoms is the one that
naturally produces those
symptoms in healthy people.

24.  . It is based on the principle that “like cures like”.
In simple words, it means that any substance,
which can produce symptoms in a healthy person,
can cure similar symptoms in a person who is
sick.
 This idea is referred to as the “Law of Similars“,
and was understood by Aristotle and Hippocrates
and mentioned in ancient Hindu manuscripts. It
was Hahnemann, however, who turned it into a
science of healing.

25.  Here are examples of this principle:
 . An onion is a substance which makes your eyes
water and your nose burn. If you are having an
attack of hay fever with watering eyes and a
burning nose, a homeopathic remedy made from
onion can relieve it.
 Homeopathic medicines consists of plants,
animals & minerals extracts that are diluted in
water or alcohol and vigorously shaken.

26.  .
 It is a system of therapy based on the concept that
disease can be treated with drugs (in minute doses
)which are capable of producing the same symptoms
in healthy people as the disease itself . Eg
.Thyroidinum (thyroid hormone) .

27. o Based on concepts that (treat the cause rather than
effect)
o Avoid use of medicine.
o Focus on nutrition (natural foods), light, warmth
,massage, fresh air, regular exercise, hydrotherapy,&
(recognition of inherent healing ability of the body.)

28. THERAPIES CONSIDER UNDER NATUROPATHIC
TREATMENT :
 1)Nutrition and dietetic
 2)Fasting
 3)Structural adjustment
 4)Hydrotherapy
 5)Healthy lifestyle
 6)Education

29. STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT
ALEXANDER TECHNIQUE-
 Describes connection between posture & both
physical & emotional problems.
 Therapy uses body awareness ,movement to bring
the posture & body back into balance .
 Therapy is helpful to those with chronic back pain
& back disorders.

32. HYDROTHERAPY
 Hydro- and hydrothermal are
traditional methods of treatment
used for treatment of disease and
injury by many cultures.
 The recuperative and healing
properties of hydrotherapy are
based on its mechanical and/or
thermal effects.
 Generally, heat quiets and soothes
the body, slowing down the activity
of internal organs. Cold stimulates
and increases internal activity.

33.  Water also has a hydrostatic effect. It has a
massage-like feeling as the water gently kneads the
body.
 Water, in motion, stimulates touch receptors on the
skin, boosting blood circulation and releasing tight
muscles.
 Hydrotherapy and hydrothermal therapy are chiefly
used to tone up the body to stimulate digestion, the
circulation, and the immune system and to bring
relief from pain.

34. YOGA
Yoga derived from
Sanskrit word meaning
“To Bind”.
It is unity of all the
powers of body, mind and
spirit based on Hindu
spiritual treatises.
Classified on the
teachings of
Upanishads(Ashtanga
Yoga).

35.  Integrated as eight limbed
Yoga:
Yams, Niyama, Asanas,
Pranayama, Pratyahara,
Dharana, Samadhi.
 The goal of Yoga is
attainment of physical&
mental well being through
mastery of body achieved
through exercise, holding of
posture, proper breathing,&
meditation.

36. BENEFITS OF YOGA THERAPY :
 Yoga therapy shows positive results in
treating depression
 Deep breathing associated with yoga is
beneficial in controlling premature ventricular
complexes .
 Yoga therapy shows significant benefits that
includes emotional functions ,fitness
variations and psychological benefits .
 It also variations in tension ,mood
disturbances ,cognitive function and
gastrointestinal disturbances .

37.  Yoga exercises increases your body ability in
using antioxidants .This is beneficial in the
prevention of cancer .
 Yoga helps in treating some problems lie
asthma ,respiration problems ,back pain
,diabetes mellitus ,arthritis .
 CRITICISMS OF YOGA :
 The practice of yoga therapy is impossible if
you have limited mobility and flexibility

38. BIOLOGICALLY BASED
THERAPIES
Use of substances
found in nature such
as herbs, foods and
vitamins .Use of other
so called natural but
as yet scientifically
unproven therapies.

39. HERBAL MEDICINE
 Use of herbs Is to restore balance within the
individual by facilitating self healing ability.
 some selected herbal medicines:
 Echinacea-Prevention of UTI.
Garlic-To reduce cholesterol, hypertension
Ephedra-Weight lose
GinkgoBiloba -Treatment of dementia
Asian ginseng-Stamina building
St John’s Wart– Treatment of Depression
Saw palmetto-Treatment of BPH
Green tea catechins- Antiviral action
+

40.  Horse chestnut seed extract can
alleviate the symptoms of
varicose veins.
 Tea tree oil may be effective
against fungal infections such as
athlete foot .
 Vegetables from the allium family
(onions and garlic )may protect
against certain cancers
 if eaten regularly ,especially
cancers of the digestive tract ,
thought futher studies need to
be done .
 Ginger used in vomiting and
nausea

41.  There are so many herbs that demonstrate excellent
therapeutic results for some specific conditions.
Herbal medicines improve the body’s natural
immunity and sage, which increase the mental ability
in patients. There are many more that together with
western herbalism.
 Ayurveda and traditional medicine treat a host of
health conditions such as diabetes, IBS, eczema,
anxiety disorders and high cholesterol with good
clinical outcomes.
 A major benefit or use of herbal medicine is that they
are generally safer than synthetic pharmaceuticals.
Herbs taken as a whole will have compounds in them
that buffer their action.

43. NUTRITIONAL THERAPY :
 Nutritional therapy is a system of healing based
on the belief that food ,as a nature intended
,provides the medicine we need to obtain and
maintain a state of health :our food is our
medicine and our medicine is our food .

44. 3. MIND BODY INTERVENTIONS
Used to enhance the mind’s capacity to
affect bodily function and symptoms
Mind body techniques are based on the therapy
that mental and emotional factors can influence
physicalhealth,behavioural,psychological
,social, and spiritual methods are used to
preserve health and prevent or cure disease

45. MEDITATION:
 Meditation is a technique
used to quiet the mind and
focus it in the present and to
release fears, worries,
anxieties, and doubts (past
,future).
 It is an self directed practice
for relaxing the body and
calming the mind using
focused rhythmic breathing.

46. TYPES-
CONCENTRATIVE MEDITATION
MINDFULNESS/OPENING UP MEDITATION.
 Meditation has been shown to have favourable
effects on heart and blood vessels functions
,immunity and brain activity such as increasing
activity in parts of the brain associated with
mental clarity .
 Meditation often induces physical realaxation
,mental calmness ,and emotional states such as
loving –kindness .

47. RELAXATION TECHNIQUES
 Relaxation techniques are practices
specifically designed to relieve tension
and strain .
 The specific technique may be aimed
at reducing activity of the nerves that
control the stress response ,lowering
blood pressure ,easing muscle tension
,slowing metabolic processes ,or
altering brain wave activity .

48. GUIDED IMAGERY :
 Guided imagery involves the use
of mental images to promote
relaxation and wellness ,reduce
pain or facilitate healing of a
particular ailment ,such as cancer
or psychological trauma .
 The images can involve any of
the senses and may be self
directed or guided by a
practitioner ,sometimes in a
group setting .For example a with
a cancer might be told to imagine
an army of white blood cells
fightning against the cancer cell.

49. HYPNOSIS
 Hypnosis can be used to
control pain, alter body
functions and change life
style habits.
 Is an altered state of
consciousness in which
an individual’s
concentration is focused
and distraction is
minimized.

50.  Hypnosis works by activating
nerve pathways in brain that
causes release of natural
morphine like substances which
modify behavior and perception
of pain.
 It requires a client’s active
participation.

51. BIOFEED BACK MECHANISM:
 These are group of therapeutic
procedures that uses
electromechanical instruments
to measure process and provide
information to persons about
their nervous system activity .
 The information or feed back is
given in physical ,
physiological, auditory or visual
feed back signals.

52.  It immediately demonstrate to clients
their ability to control physiological
responses.
 It demonstrates the relationships
between thoughts, feelings and
physiological responses

53. MANIPUALTIVE AND BODY BASED
METHODS
 Manipulative and body-
based therapies treat
various conditions through
bodily manipulation.
 These therapies include
chiropractic, massage,
rolfing, reflexology, and
postural re education

54. CHIROPRACTICE
 Based on spinal manipulation.
 Assumption that maintaining the alignment
of the spine & joints facilitates the flow of
energy through out the body.
 Maintenance of self regulatory system of
the body and focus on helping the body to
heal itself.

55.  Chiropractors may use x-rays, visual inspection
,muscular strength and weakness, range of motion &
posture to assess the spine for mis- aligned vertebra
 Therapy focus on restoring structural and functional
imbalances .

56. TAI CHI:
 What is tai chi?
Sometimes called “Chinese shadow
boxing,” tai chi is a gentle form of
martial art and exercise that involves
a formal series of flowing, graceful,
slow-motion movements designed to
harmonize the circulation of “chi”
around the body.
 Chi, also rendered as ch’i or qi, is a
term from Traditional Chinese
Medicine (TCM) used to describe an
energy flow that pervades the
universe and sustains the living
beings within it

57.  Tai chi is a healthy form of movement, especially
for those with osteoarthritis or other
musculoskeletal impairments.
 It can build core strength and improve lower limb
musculature, as well as improving posture,
balance, flexibility, and mobility.
 Tai chi can facilitate relaxation and focus even
while executing the moves, and synchronizes the
musculoskeletal and nervous systems.

58.  It helps to develop concentration and
coordination, and can help reduce the risk
of falls in the elderly. Because it promotes
calming and relaxation, tai chi can be useful
for conditions caused or worsened by stress
and anxiety, such as hypertension, pain
syndromes brought on by muscle tension
and insomnia.
 Tai chi has many different styles. Each style
may subtly emphasize various tai chi
principles and methods.

59.  There are variations within each style. Some styles may
focus on health maintenance, while others focus on the
martial arts aspect of tai chi.
 Tai chi is different from yoga, another type of meditative
movement. Yoga includes various physical postures and
breathing techniques, along with meditation.

60.  Qigong (Chi Kung) means
cultivating energy, it is a system
practiced for health maintenance,
healing and increasing vitality
 Chinese system o
 f breathing exercises, body
postures and movements, and
mental concentration, intended to
maintain good health and control
the flow of vital energy.

62. ENERGY THERAPIES
Massage therapy
Reiki therapy
Acupuncture
Reflexology
Hand mediated bio-
field therapies

63. MASSAGE THERAPY
 Benefits are categorized as physical , mental-
emotional and spiritual.
 Physically, massage relaxes muscles and
releases lactic acid. It improve the flow of blood
and lymph, stretch joints, and relieve pain &
congestion.
 In mental-emotional area, massage relieve
anxiety and provide relaxation.
 Spiritually it provides a sense of harmony &
balance.

66. REIKI THERAPY
 Reiki is a Japanese technique for
stress reduction and relaxation that
also promotes healing. It is
administered by "laying on hands"
and is based on the idea that an
unseen "life force energy" flows
through us and is what causes us to
be alive.”

67. PRINCIPLES OF REIKI:

68. REIKI THERAPY
 In this therapy the practitioner places the hands on the
client and energy flows from one to the other.
 Amount and effectiveness of the energy is said to
depend on the openness and need of recipient rather
than the direction of flow by practitioner.
 Performed using direct contact between the practitioner
and the client.
 Reiki can be performed from a distance.
 Benefits- purifies and relaxes the body, releases stress,
 heals the body & mind.

70. ACUPUNCTURE
A part of Traditional
Chinese Medicine (TCM)
A therapy with traditional
Chinese medicine ,is one
of the most widely
accepted alternative
therapies in the western
world .
36 States have state
license for acupuncture

71. ACUPUNCTURE :
 Specific points on the body are stimulated ,usually
by inserting thin needles into the skin and
underlying tissues .
 Stimulation is added by using a very low voltage
electric current , by twisting the needle ,or by
warming the needle
 2,000 acupuncture points on the body .Connected
via 12 main and 8 secondary pathways (Meridians

72.  Meridians connect energy,
qi (“chee”), between the
surface of the body and the
internal organs
 Qi regulates spiritual,
emotional, mental and
physical balance
 Qi is influenced by the
opposing forces of yin and
yang

73.  When yin and yang are balanced, they work
with the natural flow of qi to keep the
body healthy.
 The placement of needles in the
acupuncture points helps to keep the flow
of qi unblock.
 The procedure is not painful but may cause
a tingling sensation

75.  REFLEXOLOGY :
 A Variant of massage therapy ,relies on manual
pressure applied to specific areas of the foot ,these
area are believed to correspond to different organs
or body systems via meridians .
 Stimualtion of these areas is believed to eliminate
the blockage of energy responsible for pain or
disease in body part .

76. FOOT REFLEXOLOGY
 Based on the principle that hands and
feet are mirrors of body and have reflex
points corresponding to body’s glands,
structures, and organs.
 When a reflex area is massaged, it
stimulates the corresponding organs in
that zone.
 Like other massage it can stimulates
relaxation affecting autonomic response
which in turn affects the endocrine and
immune systems.

77. HAND MEDATED BIO –FIELD
THERAPIES
This was started by Dolores Kriger in the early
1970s.therapeutic touch is a mostly secular variant
of faith healing .
 Therapeutic touch practitioner moves his hands
over the patient body , specifically the affected area
,without actually touching the patient .
 Therapeutic touch adherents claim that this directs
the flow of chi so that the patient can heal .

78. OTHER THERPIES
Traditional medicine:
Traditional medicine is the sum total of
the knowledge, skills, and practices
based on the theories, beliefs, and
experiences indigenous to different
cultures, whether explicable or not,
used in the maintenance of health as
well as in the prevention, diagnosis,
improvement or treatment of physical
and mental illness

79. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
 TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE :
 Traditional Chinese medicine based on
the theory that disease results from
improper flow of the life force (qi).
 Qi is restored by balancing the
opposing forces og yin and yang ,which
manifest in the body as heat and cold
,external and internal , and deficiency
and excess .various practices (eg,
herbal remedies , massage ,meditation
,acupuncture )are used to preserve and
restore health

80. AROMATHERAPY
 Based on premise that odours
stimulate the limbic system help
control pain & stress.
 Aroma therapy is the controlled
use of essentials oils for specific
measurable outcomes.
 The essential oil used in
aromatherapy are distilled from
flowers , roots, barks, leaves,
wood resins and lemon or orange
rinds.

81.  Oil can be massaged in to the
body, applied as hot or cold
compress added to water or
inhaled.
 Aromas are detected by olfactory
receptor , stimuli travel along
nerves to brain where they play a
role in emotions , memory & a
variety of body functions.
 Some selected oils – lavender
(relief from headache stress,
insomnia, peppermint (relief from
nausea),sandalwood (dry skin,
depression, bronchitis),geranium
(mood modifier)

82. SPIRITUAL THERAPY
•Spiritual therapy is a regimen
designed to heal ones spirit
and psyche as well as the body
.In many traditions it is to be
believed if one ,s spirit is ailing
one ,s whole being suffers .
•This is where spiritual therapy
comes in .It treats the whole
being ,especially the spirit to
promote a healthy whole
person .

83. PRAYER
 Prayer is a conversation with
GOD who believes to answer the
prayer.
 Prayer may be conducted
individually or in groups.
 Prayer even be conducted at a
distance by individuals unknown
to the person for whom the
prayers of healing are made
(intercessory prayers).
 It incorporates caring,
compassion,love,empathy.

84. MUSIC THERAPY
It is concerned with systematic applications of
music to produce relaxation and desired
changes in emotions, behaviour and
physiology.
 It relate to the body’s fundamental frequency
on vibrating pattern which have a profound
healing effect on the entire human body, mind
and spirit.
 It consists of listening rhythm, body movement
and singing.
 Serve as a vehicle for altering ordinary levels
of consciousness to achieve mind’s fullest
potential and induce relaxation.

85. HUMOR AND LAUGHTER
 Laughing is found to lower blood pressure ,reduce
stress hormones ,increase muscle flexion , and
boost immune function by raising levels of infection
–fighting T-cells , disease fighting proteins called
Gamma –interferon and B-cells ,which produce
disease –destroying antibodies .Laughters also
triggers the release of endorphins , the body ,s
natural painkillers , and produces a general sense
of well –being .

86.  Laughter activates the immune system .
 Laughter decreases “stress” hormones .
 Laughters brings in positive emotions that can
enhance well beings but cannot replace
conventional treatments .Hence it is another tool
available to help fight the disease

87.  PHOTO ENERGY THERAPY: Photo energy
therapy devices emit near infrared light (NIR
Therapy )typically at a wavelength of 880 nm .This
wavelength is believed to stimulate the release of
nitric oxide , an Endothelium –derived relaxing
factor into the blood stream , thus vasodilating the
capillaries and venuoles in the microcirculatory
system

88. PET THERAPY
Therapeutic use of pets as
companions
Based on concept that
animals provide a constant
source of comfort and
focus for attention .

89.  Animals bring out our
nurturing instinct.
 Pet ownership can reduce
stress induced symptoms,
add years to life, boost
peoples’ moods and
enhance their social
interaction.
 Pet ownership also affect
people physiologically
through the soothing and
relaxing effect of touch and
produce a relaxation
response.

90. DANCE THERAPY
 Dance/movement
therapy (DMT) or dance
movement
psychotherapy (DMP)] is the
psychotherapeutic use of
movement and dance to support
intellectual, emotional, and motor
functions of the body.
 As a form of expressive therapy,
DMT looks at the correlation
between movement and emotion. A
typical DMT session has four main
stages: preparation, incubation,
illumination, and evaluation

92. NON CONTACT
THERAPEUTIC TOUCH
 Is a process by which practitioners
can transmit energy to a person
who is ill or injured to potentiate
the healing process.
 Based on concept that human
being is an energy field (human
field) and this energy can be
channeled from one person to
another.
 This energy extends beyond level
of skin and is perceptible to the
trained sense of a healer.

93. DETOXIFICATION:
 Detoxification therapy involves
the removal of toxic substances
. Our body naturally eliminates
or neutralizes toxins .
 But due to industrial revolution
the accumulation of toxins (food
additives ,chemicals
anaesthetics and residue of
pharmacy drugs , pesticides and
heavy metals )surpasses its
elimination

94. NURSING THEORY PROVIDING CONTEXT
 Alternative/complementary modalities performed
from within a context of a nursing theory/model take
on meaning from within the theory.
 E.g. Roy adaptation model, deals with the concept
of focal, contextual and residual stimuli.
Nurse working within the context of this, assesses
the stimuli and takes action to promote the client’s
adaptation in physiologic needs, self-concept, role
function, and relations of interdependence nursing
health and illness.

95. Nursing Diagnosis/concern
Nursing
Intervention(s)
Rationale
Impaired Comfort Acupressure, TT
to decrease perceived
pain
Disturbed Sleep Pattern Massage
to promote relaxation,
rest
Impaired Communication Art therapy to facilitate expression
Impaired Coping Humor
to facilitate
appreciation of that
which is funny, to
relieve tensions
Spiritual Distress Spiritual support
to facilitate a sense of
inner peace

96. EVIDENCE
 A 2017 study published in the Journal of
Dietary Supplements bears this out, as it
studied the use of ashwagandha root extract for
improving memory and cognitive functions in 50
people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).4

 MCI is a slight decline in cognitive abilities
that's associated with an increased risk of
developing more serious dementia, including
Alzheimer's disease. Participants received
either ashwagandha root extract or a placebo
for eight weeks.

97.  Those who took ashwagandha had significant
improvements in a number of areas compared to the
placebo group. This included greater improvements
in:
 Immediate and general memory
 Executive function
 Sustained attention
 Information-processing speed
 The researchers pointed to ashwagandha's sedative
properties as a potential mechanism behind the
memory benefits, noting they "may be indirectly
involved in improving memory and cognition in human
subjects, as stress, anxiety and sleep disorders can
affect normal cognitive function

98. YOGA:
 Greenlee and her colleagues conducted the study to
update clinical guidelines for the Society for Integrative
Oncology. Greenlee is past president of the society. She
said that past research indicates that as many as eight in
10 people with cancer turn to complementary or integrative
therapies at some point.
 The study looked at complementary and alternative
therapies, defined as those outside the range of
conventional treatments. Complementary treatments are
those used along with conventional care, she said.

99.  Alternative treatments are often used instead of
conventional care. She prefers the term integrative
therapy, which describes the use of non-conventional
treatments in conjunction with conventional care.
 The researchers limited the study to integrative therapies
for breast cancer patients. Use of these treatments is
popular among women with breast cancer, and there is
evidence for some treatments.

100.  The integrative therapies were graded. An A grade
indicates there is strong evidence in favour of that
treatment, and B is moderate. C represents preliminary
evidence. D means the evidence suggests the treatment
is not effective. H means the treatment has the potential
to be harmful.
 Meditation got an A. This therapy was found to have the
strongest evidence, recommended for lessening anxiety,
improving depression and quality of life. Yoga and music
therapy got a B for lessening anxiety and improving
mood. Yoga also got a B for improving quality of life.
Yoga, acupuncture and hypnosis got a C on fatigue
improvement

101. ACUPUNCTURE
 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre (New York,
USA) and University of York (York, UK) researchers
conclude that acupuncture is “more effective than both
usual care and sham acupuncture” for the treatment of
chronic pain.
 The researchers state that their conclusion is based on
“robust evidence from high-quality trials on
acupuncture” with a sample size of approximately
18,000 patients. Specifically, the researchers find
acupuncture effective for alleviating pain due to knee
osteoarthritis, low back pain, headaches, and
migraines

102.  They add, “Acupuncture was also found to be better
than standard medical care for all of these chronic pain
conditions.” Moreover, the researchers find acupuncture
a cost-effective treatment modality for the alleviation of
both knee pain and depression.
 The researchers note, “Our research also provides a
valuable basis for considering the potential role of
acupuncture as a referral option in health care and
enabling providers and policy-makers to make decisions
based on robust sources of evidence.”

103. TAI CHI
 The findings, published in the Journal of Clinical
Oncology, show that tai chi leads to significant
improvements in sleep health in breast cancer
survivors with insomnia, with the additional benefits of
improving depressive symptoms and fatigue.
 Furthermore, both tai chi and cognitive behavioral
therapy show similar rates of clinically significant
improvements in symptoms or remission of insomnia.
Both tai chi and CBT showed enduring benefits over
one year.

104. ROLE OF NURSE
 In interest of safe & effective
practice, nurses are expected
to maintain current knowledge
base and obtain ongoing
education in areas of practice.
 In using any therapy a nurse
must observe the Code of
Professional Conduct ,as well
as the requirements of
legislation..

105.  The individual nurse is responsible to
judge whether her /his qualification
education and or experience in use
of complementary therapy has
brought her /him to a level of
competence to use that skill.
• Nurses practicing complementary
therapies must be cognizant of the
limits to their practice and should
refer to other health professionals as
necessary.

106.  The informed consent of the individual or his
/her guardian is essential prior to the
provision of any therapy.
 Therapeutic interventions should be
supported by written policies and protocols
which are endorsed by the employing
facility.
 Practice of complementary therapies should
be incorporated into the total care of the
individual.

107. ROLE OF NURSE CONTD….
 Multidisciplinary team approach should be
used where relevant
 The practice of complementary therapies
should be appropriately documented.
 Practice of complementary therapies should
be incorporated into the total care of the
individual

108.  The practice of complementary therapy
should be supported by quality assurance
activities.
 Nurses should comprehend well to client ‘s
that when to seek conventional therapies or
complementary therapies.
 Nurses should know client religious &
cultural view points so that to determine
which complementary therapies would be
more appropriate with client believes &
values

109. SUMMARY:
 Introduction of complementary and alternative
medicine.
 Definition of complementary and alternative
medicine
 Types of complementary medicine:
 ALTERNATIVE MEDICAL SYSTEM
BIOLOGICALY BASED THERAPIES
MANIPULATIVE THERAPIES
ENERGY BASED THERAPIS.
MIND BODY INTERVENTIONS.
EE
 Evidence based practice.
 Role of nurse

110. REFERNCES
• The National Library of Medicine
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed/
• The National Center for Complementary and
Alternative Medicine http://nccam.nih.gov/
• The NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
http://ods.od.nih.gov/
• Shabeer. Basheer, S.Yaseen Khan. “A concise Text
book of Advance Nursing Practice” Pub. EMMESS.
Pp661-670
• Babyworld.co.uk/2011/10/complementary-therapy-
forlabour.