MECHANICAL

1. Welcome!
IMPORTANCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRESENT BY
SUGUMAR.S
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2. NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES
1MW thermal plant will produce = 730 tons of CO 2 emissions
1 kg of uranium is equal to = 2000 ton of coal (24000 MW).

3. AIR POLLUTION SOURCES

4. RENEWABLE RESOURCES

5. NEED FOR SOLAR ENERGY
• Fossil fuels create massive pollution in the environment.
• This pollution affects waterways, the air you breathe, and even the meat and
vegetables that you eat.
• These fuels are expensive to retrieve from the earth and they are expensive to use.
• Other, more Eco-friendly energy sources like wind and solar energies are relatively
inexpensive and easy to produce.
• This could lead to a clean environment, less money spent on utilities, and a healthier
world.

6. HOW MUCH ENERGY DOES THE SUN PRODUCE
AND EARTH RECEIVES
• By the time it reaches Earth's surface, the energy in sunlight has fallen
to about 1,000 watts per square meter at noon on a cloudless day.
• The Earth receives 174 petawatts (1 PW=1015 watts) of incoming
solar radiation at the upper atmosphere.
• Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is
absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses.

8. OVER VIEW OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
Solar Power
Solar cell , solar thermal power plant & tower
Wind Power
Biomass
Hydro Power
Geo thermal & Tidal

9. Disadvantages
• Solar panels are expensive.
• When it is cloudy or at night
there is not enough light.
What is it?
• Solar power uses
energy from the Sun.
• Solar panels transfer
the Suns energy to
heat water.
Advantages
• The energy from the Sun is free.
• The sun does not produce
greenhouse gases.
• The sun will always be there
during our lifetime.

10. Disadvantages
• Solar cells are
expensive.
• They take up lots of
space.
• They only work in Sun
light
What is it?
• Solar cells use
energy from the
Sun.
• Solar panels
transfer the Suns
energy directly
into electricity.
Advantages
• The energy from the Sun
is free.
• The sun does not produce
greenhouse gases.
• The sun will always be
there during our lifetime.

11. SOLAR THERMAL PLANT

12. SOLAR POWER TOWER
Solar Power Tower –huge arrays of computer controlled mirrors that track the sun and focus
sunlight on a central heat collection tower.
Advantages Disadvantages
Cost will drop as Technology improves Costs is high

13. Disadvantages
• Lots of wind turbines
are needed to produce
enough power.
• Turbines can only be put
in windy areas.
• It is not always windy.
• Some people don’t like
the look of the turbines.
What is it?
• Wind turbines are
used to generate
electricity from the
wind.
• The wind turns the
large blades and the
blades turn a
generator.
Advantages
• Wind is renewable.
• Wind is free.
• No greenhouse gases are
made.
• There are few safety risks.

14. Disadvantages
• Inefficient (only 30%
efficiency).
• Releases harmful solid
carbon particles into the
atmosphere.
What is it?
• Biomass, is a
renewable energy
source made of
biological material
from living, or
recently living
organisms.
• Energy is released by
combustion (burning).
Advantages
• Produces less pollution
than fossil fuels.
• Does not cause acid
rain.
• Can be found locally.
• It is renewable.

15. Disadvantages
• There are not many places
where we can build
geothermal power stations.
• Harmful gases and minerals
may occasionally come up
from the ground below.
These can be
• difficult to control.
What is it?
• Rocks under the
ground are hot.
• Water can be
pumped through
these hot rocks
and warmed up.
Advantages
• Geothermal energy does
not produce greenhouse
gases.
• The energy source is free
and will not run out.

16. Disadvantages
• The dam is expensive to build.
• By building a dam, the nearby
area has to be flooded and this
could affect nearby habitats.
• If it does not rain much we
may not have enough water to
turn the turbines.
What is it?
• Flowing water is used
to turn a turbine which
generates electricity.
Advantages
• When the electricity is
generated, no greenhouse
gases are made.
• The water used is free.
• It is a renewable energy
source.

17. Disadvantages
• Small waves generate
small amounts of
electricity.
• Electricity needs to be
transported from the sea
onto the land.
• The equipment is
expensive
What is it?
• Waves force air in
and out of a
chamber.
• The air causes a
turbine to
generate
electricity.
Advantages
• Waves are free and will not
run out.
• Wave power does not
produce greenhouse gases.
• There are very few safety
risks.

18. Disadvantages
• A dam to make the water flow
through the generators might
be needed.
• Plants and animals that live
nearby might get harmed
• The tides only happen twice a
day, so can only produce
electricity at that time.
What is it?
• Solar power
uses energy
from the
Sun.
• Solar panels
transfer the
Suns energy
to heat
water.
Advantages
• Tides are free and will not
run out.
• No greenhouse gases are
produced.
• It is reliable because we
know exactly when the
tides happen.

19. NEW TECHNOLOGY IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
• TESLA CAR
• TESLA GIGAFACTORY
• TESLA SEMI TRUCK
• BLOOM BOX
• HYPERLOOP
• VIRTUAL POWER PLANT

20. List of countries banning fossil fuel vehicles
S.NO country Ban announced commences
1 Norway 2016 2025
2 Britain 2017 2040
3 France 2017 2040
4 India 2017 2030
5 TheNetherlands 2017 2030
6 China 2018 2018
7 Germany - 2030
9 United states of america(California) 2017 2040

21. TESLA CAR

22. History of electrical vehicle
• 1832 Robert Anderson invents a non-rechargeable electric
carriage.
• 1835 Thomas Davenport builds the first practical electric vehicle
and receiving a patent for the first electric motor in 1837.
• 1859 French physicist Gaston Planté invents the rechargeable
lead-acid battery.
• 1891 William Morrison of Des Moines, Iowa builds the first
successful electric automobile in the United States.
• 1900 One-third of all cars found on the roads of New York City,
Boston, and Chicago are electric.

23. History
• 1908 Henry Ford introduces the gasoline-powered Model T.
• 1912 Charles Kettering invents the electric automobile starter.
Eliminating the need for a hand crank starter on gasoline powered
vehicles.
• 1972 Victor Wouk builds the first full-size hybrid vehicle
• 1974 Vanguard-Sebring's CitiCar is introduced it has a top speed of 30
mph and a 40 mile range.
• 1975 The U.S. Postal Service purchases 350 electric delivery jeeps
from AM General.
1974 Sebring-Vanguard-CitiCar
Victor Wouk with 1972 Buick Skylark Hybrid

24. History
• 1996 General Motors Saturn EV1 is released.
• 1997 Toyota introduces the Prius, the first mass-produced hybrid.
• 2003 GM discontinued the EV1 and “killed the electric
car”
• 2007 the Chevrolet Volt concept car.
• 2008 Tesla Motors
• 2012 Tesla model s
• 2015 tesla model x
• 2016 tesla model 3
• 2019 tesla semi truck
1996 Saturn EV1
Chevrolet Volt Concept Car

25. What is an Electric Vehicle?

26. Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
Hybrid vehicles that can plug into the grid so they can
operate on electricity as well as an internal combustion
engine.

27. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
A vehicle that runs on electricity stored in batteries and
has an electric motor rather than an internal combustion
engine.

28. 1904 Baker Electric Stanhope
• Horsepower – 1.75
• Top Speed – 22.4 Kmph
• 3 Speed Transmission
• Range – 64 Kilometer
• Weight – 975 lbs
• Shaft drive
• $1600

29. 1975 Sebring-Vanguard CitiCar
• Horsepower – 3.5
• Top Speed – 70 Kmph
• 3 Speed Transmission
• Range – 80 km
• Weight – 1475 lbs
• Direct Drive
• Full charge in 6 hours
• $3500

30. 1998 Saturn EV1
• Horsepower – 137
• Top Speed – 128 kmph
(regulated)
• Range – 120 to 208 km
• Weight – 3084 lbs
• Full charge in 6 hours
• $33,995 ($349 per month lease)

31. Tesla Roadster
• Horsepower – 248
• Top Speed – 200 kmph
• 2 Speed Transmission
• Range – 352 km
• Full charge in 3.5 hrs (with 70 amp
home charging station)
• Shaft Drive
• Weight – 2690 lbs
• $109,000

32. Differences
• EVs are virtually silent
• Some Electric Vehicles (EVs) look no different from
gasoline-powered vehicles.
• gasoline engine is replaced by an electric motor
• electric motor gets its power from a controller
• controller gets its power from an array of rechargeable
batteries.

33. How it works

34. Benefits
• Reduced dependence on foreign
oil
• could displace 6.2 million barrels
of oil a day (1 barrels = 160 liter)
(10 crores liter)
• Zero emissions
• Can cost of less than 1.2 RS per
mile driven
• Can be recharged using a
typical household outlet

35. Drawbacks
• The prices of Electric
Vehicles are still very high
• Most EVs have slow pick-up
• Would drastically increase
electric bills
• to new areas.

36. PERCENTAGE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE SALES IN US

37. -121
-34
488
88
49
14
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Technology Costs Other Costs Lifetime Fuel
Savings
Other Benefits CO2 Local air quality
benefits
Billion2010dollars Cost and benefits (2011-2025)

38. Why Tesla ?

39. Technology and Products
“Aim to provide the best products for customers”
 Leading battery and charging technology
 Highest NHTSA(National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration )
safety rating
Top speed to 250 km/h and accelerate from 0 to100
km/h within 3.3-second, While the normal speed is
below 100 km/h.
 The fastest 4-door sedan in history
 The longest range
The maximum range is 426 km with 85 kWh ,
while others can only achieve 150 km.
Super charge : Finish 80% charging within 30 minutes

40. Complexity is hidden behind an elegant and functional design.
 Totally Touchscreen Display  Simple and reliable powertrain  lowest drag coefficient

41. ADVANTAGES
• Luxury vehicles
• All-electric green vehicles
• Sports cars in fashion
• Target customers
• Expand the products value
• Uniqueness
Direct sales
Buy Tesla directly online

42. Economic Benefits
Volatile Gas Prices
• Reduce dependence on the pump
Lower Fueling Costs
• Off peak charging Time-Of-Use rates
Lower Maintenance Costs
• No more oil changes, reduced tune ups

43. The Idea
• There are dozens of eco-friendly cars and dozens of luxury vehicles in
the market today, however, Tesla has is the first to combine the two.
• Tesla utilizes both the luxury market and green market in the car market,
by providing the world’s first luxury electric car.
• It’s eco-friendly capacities and sharp aesthetics attract many sectors of
the car-buying market.
• Tesla also provides the electric powertrain equipment, such as the Tesla
Supercharger Station and their backup batteries.

44. http://www.zgeek.com/first-tesla-electric-sedans-hit-the-road/
Over the past several
years, there has been a
search for alternative
fuel and greener forms
of transportation. We
feel that Tesla has
utilized this market to
its full potential, as they
are the only car on the
market of its type (fully
electric car)
Future Landscape of
Success

45. They also look to increase the number of their
Supercharger stations nationwide.
https://gotentrepreneurs.com/project/tesla-motors/

46. Tesla Roadster
Energy Efficiency- Solar
“…the panels
produce about
$3,200 worth of
transportation fuel
plus about $600
worth of home
energy, for a total
of about $3,800
per year.”- Martin
Eberhard

47. Tesla Roadster
Maintenance
• 12,000 miles/12 months
• Reduced Maintenance
• No motor oil or oil filters to change
• No smog equipment to check
• No air filters to replace
• No power steering fluids to refill

48. Model S

49. Tesla Model s
Battery
• The Model S is offered with two battery packs: a base model with a 60 kW·h battery expected to
deliver 230 miles and 85 kW·h battery expected to deliver 300 miles.
• Tesla released software that features new energy-saving “sleep" functionality. The software allows
Model S owners to choose between keeping the displays and vehicle electronics instantly available
each time you turn on the car, or powering off the display and vehicle electronics each time you exit
through a "sleep" state. it can increase the Model S range up to 8 mi per day.
• The lithium-ion battery consists of more than 7,000 battery cells for the 85 kW·h pack. The battery
pack uses Panasonic cells with nickel-cobalt-aluminum cathodes.
• The battery pack location underneath the car in the floor provides the Model S with a very low
center of gravity.
• The Model S battery is guaranteed by Tesla Motors for eight years or 100,000 mi for the base
model with the 40 kW·h battery pack, while the base model with the 60 kW·h battery has an eight
years or 125,000 mi warranty. All models with the 85 kW·h battery pack are guaranteed for eight
years and unlimited miles.

50. Charging
• The charger for the Tesla Model S provides 10 kW 110/240-volt charging standard. An optional
US$1,500 upgrade will support 20 kW charging
• Instead of a power port that opens like a gasoline cap, like other electric cars in the market, the Model S
charge port is hidden behind the left rear taillight. The port is circled in LED lights that indicate how
much the battery is charged by how rapidly the lights blink.
• Adapters are provided for 110 and 240 volt outlets, and for public charging stations.
• Tesla has deployed several 90 kW 250 amp Tesla Supercharger units between key cities to allow fast
charging on road trips with plans to build more.
• A Supercharger can add 150 miles of range in 30 minutes and a full charge in approximately one hour

51. Charging

52. Model S Charging Vocabulary
110V Outlet
240V Outlet
Tesla
Mobile
Connector
Tesla
High Power Wall Connector
Twin charger(s)

53. Model S Supercharging
• Industrial grade, not available for home use
• Up to 120 kW input
• Up to 120 kW off-board charger
• Bypasses on-board vehicle chargers
• Fills battery directly

54. TESLA GIGAFACTORY

55. GIGAFACTORY
• Gigafactory : The lithium-ion
battery factory , reduce battery
prices by 30% by 2017 .
• The Tesla Gigafactory was
born out of necessity and will
supply enough batteries to
support Tesla’s projected
vehicle demand.
• Tesla’s mission is to accelerate the world’s transition to sustainable energy through increasingly affordable
electric vehicles and energy products.
• To achieve its planned production rate of 500,000 cars per year by 2018, Tesla alone will require today’s entire
worldwide supply of lithium-ion batteries.

56. TESLA SEMI TRUCK

57. Tesla Electric Semi Truck (2020)

60. The Bloom Box

61. BACKGROUND INFO
Headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, Bloom Energy is a company
that was founded in 2001 by K.R. Sridhar
Bloom Energy has created an innovative technology that can change
the way the world generates and consumes electricity
The “Bloom Box” is a unique on site power generation system that
uses new fuel cell technology with roots in NASA’s Mars program

62. What is the Bloom Box?
A collection of fuel cells, skinny batteries that
use oxygen and fuel to create electricity with
no emissions
made of sand that is baked into diskette-sized
ceramic squares and painted with green and
black ink
The fuel cells are stacked into brick-sized
towers sandwiched with metal alloy plates
The Bloom Box consists of these fuel cell
stacks that are housed in a refrigerator-sized
unit

63. How does it work?
 Oxygen is drawn into one side of the unit, and fuel (fossil-fuel, bio-fuel, or even solar
power can be used) is fed into the other side
 The two combine within the cell and produce a chemical reaction that creates energy with
no burning, no combustion, and no power lines
 The device was originally invented to produce oxygen on Mars but when NASA scrapped
the Mars mission, Sridhar reversed his Mars machine, pumping oxygen in, instead of
making oxygen

64. Benefits
Lower your energy costs and eliminate volatility
Save the environment and save money
Improve your energy security and reliability
Start small and "pay as you grow"
Get access to power quickly

65. Cost
Cost is always a concern with fuel cells, as is round-the-clock, 24-7
functionality
Bloom Energy still has to figure out how to mass-produce the unit and
get its costs down low enough to outfit every home with a Bloom Box
Sridhar says he eventually wants to get costs down to $2,000 per box

66. Hyperloop
from Dubai to Fujairah
UAE

67. Introduction and Background
• Hyperloop is fast becoming considered the future of transportation around the globe.
• It will soon be our fifth primary mode of transport (after aircraft, trains, boats and cars) and promises to provide
fast, easy and environmentally friendly transportation which is cost effective as well.
• Hyperloop is emerging as a mode of transportation which will change the way we live together – literally moving
passenger traffic and transport at supersonic speeds and bringing us all closer together.
• The Hyperloop System consists of two one-way low pressure tubes with capsules that transports passengers inside
them between termini located at each end. Capsules can travel at both low and high speeds throughout the length
of the tube.
• Passengers are allowed to enter and exit the capsules at stations located at either ends of the tube, or at the end of
branches along the tube length.
• Capsules travel in air tight tubes over a low pressure air cushion and are propelled by magnetic linear accelerators
fixed inside the low pressure tube and rotors fixed beneath each capsule.

69. • The Government of Dubai is planning to build Hyperloop infrastructure in the near future between
two great global cities, Dubai and Fujairah City in the neighboring Emirate of Fujairah. The
government aims to reduce the transportation time between these two cities to 10 minutes from
the current 1hr20mins over road transport.
• Build Earth Live 2016 challenges participants to imagine and design the world’s first Hyperloop
system to connect Dubai and Fujairah City for seamless passenger and freight transport.
• Participants need to design two parallel Hyperloop systems, one for two-way passenger transport
and second for two-way freight transport. The Hyperloop tubes and capsules for both transports
should be different however both systems should be connected with the same termini.
The Challenge

72. VIRTUAL POWER PLANT
• The South Australian government will build what it says is the world’s
largest virtual power plant by rolling out solar panels and Tesla
batteries to at least 50,000 homes.
• Installation is planned over the next four years, and those households
will combine to create the 100 MW virtual power plant.
• Energy generated from the solar panels will be stored in the Tesla
batteries, and any excess energy will be fed back to the grid, which
will be centrally controlled and provide energy to the rest of the state
when required.

75. THANK YOU!