Argon is a colorless, odorless, and non-toxic noble gas that makes up 0.93% of the Earth's atmosphere. It was discovered in 1894 by British scientists William Ramsay and Lord Rayleigh. Ramsay obtained pure argon by removing other gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water from air samples. Common uses of argon include filling light bulbs and fluorescent tubes to prevent filaments from burning out, as well as for inert gas shielding during welding and growing crystals in the semiconductor industry. Argon lasers are also used for applications like eye surgery, holography, and semiconductor processing.