7 air-to-air combat

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Air-to-Air Combat
SOLO HERMELIN
http://www.solohermelin.com

Table of Content
Air-to-Air CombatSOLO
Air-to-Air Combat Introduction
Air-to-Air Weapon System
History of Air-to-Air Combat in Gun Only Age
World War I (1914 – 1918)
Spanish Civil War (1936 - 1939)
World War II (1939 – 1945)
Battle of Britain (10 July – 31 October 1940)
WWII USA vs Japan (1941 – 1945)
Jet propulsion
Korean War (1950-1953)
Sinai War 1956
Six Days War 1967 Air Combat
History of Air-to-Air Combat in Missile Age
Vietnam war (1965 – 1975)
Attrition War (1969 – 1970)
India-Pakistan Conflicts: MiG-21s in Air-to-Air Combat (1971)
Yom Kippur War of October 1973
Falkland War (1982)
Bekaa Valley Air Battle 1982
Operation Desert Storm's (1991)

Table of Content (continue - 1)
Air-to-Air Weapon System Development
Air-to-Air Missiles
USA Air-to-Air Missiles
Hughes AIM-4 Falcon
Sidewinder Family
AIM - 7 Sparrow
Phoenix
AMRAAM AIM-120
Sidewinder AIM-9X
A-A Missiles Development in RAFAEL
SHAFRIR
PYTHON 3
PYTHON 4
PYTHON 5
EVOLUTION OF SHORT RANGE A/A IR MISSILES
DERBY
British Air-to-Air Missiles
Sky Flash
Active Sky Flash

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Air-to-Air Combat
French MATRA R.530
SOLO
Russian Air-to-Air Missiles
R-27 Air-to-Air Missile Types
AA-11, R-73 Archer
VYMPEL RVV-AE, R-77 Adder
People’s Republic of China (PRC) Air-to-Air Missiles
Aspide (Albatros/Spada)
ASTRA - India BVR Air-to-Air Missile
Taiwan Tien Chien II (Sky Sword 2)
Japan Type 99 (AAM - 4)
French MATRA R.550 MAGIC
French MICA
IRIS - T
ASRAAM
Meteor BVRAAM
Summary Air-to-Air Missiles

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Modern Fighters
Sukhoi Su-25
Sukhoi Su-27 (Flanker)
Sukhoi Su-30
Sukhoi Su-33
Sukhoi Su-35
Sukhoi Su-37
Sukhoi Su-47 (Berkut)
Sukhoi PAK FA
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 (Foxbat)
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-27 (Flogger D/J)
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 (Fulcrum)
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-31 (Foxhound)
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-35 (Fulcrum F)
Dassault Rafale
Eurofighter Typhoon
Saab JAS 39 Gripen
Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor
Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II

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Air-to-Air Combat
Air-to-Air Combat Movies History (TV Channel)
WWII Dogfight Movies
SOLO
WWI Dogfight Movies
Dogfights – The First Dogfighters – Part 1-5
The War File - The Battle Of Britain 1-4
Battle of Britain Movies
WWII in Color-The Battle of Britain and the Blitz Over London
The Lost Evidence: The Battle of Britain, 1-5
Battle of Britain Heroes
Dogfights: The Zero Killer Part 1-5
Dogfights – The P-51 Mustang – Part 1-5
Dogfights – The Thunderbolt– Part 1-5
Dogfights – No Room for Error– Part 1-2
Incredible Dogfight in Korean War
Dogfights – No Room for Error– Part3-4
MIG15 Trashed the Americans in Korea – Part 1-5How Russian

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Air-to-Air Combat
Air-to-Air Combat Movies (Continue – 1)
History (TV Channel)
SOLO
Dogfights Desert Aces – Part 1
Dogfight of the Middle East – Part 1-4
Motti Hod about the Six Day War
Israeli Air Force During Six Day War
Six Day War Movies
Operation Focus - 05 Jun 07 - Part 1-2
IAI Kfir
Dogfights, Gun Kills Of Vietnam, Part 1-5
Dogfights, The Bloodiest Day, Part 1-4
F15 Dogfight Movies – 1979:Dogfight of the Middle East – Part 4 - 5
Dogfights Desert Aces – Part 2 - 4
Giora Epstein (Ace of the Aces – 17 Victories, in Jet Aircraft Era)
Falkland War (1982)
1982 Israeli Air Force Gave a Lesson to Syria
Israeli Air Force and their F-15
Israeli and American Mig-21 Kills
Bekaa Valley Air Battle 1982 Movies

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Air-to-Air Combat
SOLO
AMRAAM AIM 120A
AIM 9X
PYTHON 4
Python 5 and Shafrir Air-to-Air Missiles
PYTHON 5
DERBY Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile
RVV-MD, RVV-BD New Generation Russian Air-to-Air Missiles
Russian Air Power
Russian Air Force vs USAF (NATO) Comparison
SU-30SM Intercept with R-77 Missile
Ukranian A-A Missile ALAMO, R-27
Russian Air-to-Air Missiles
MICA A-A Missile Movie
IRIS - T
Meteor BVRAAM
Meteor promo
ASRAAM Movie

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Air-to-Air Combat
SOLO
SU-27 Flanker, Movie
Su-30 MKI The Thrust Vectored Beast, Movie
Su-30 SM Intercept with R77 Missile, Movie
Sukhoi Su-30 MK2, Movie
Sukhoi Su-33 NATO Code Flanker D
Su-33 Great Video
Su-35 Most Advanced Russian Fighter, Movie
SU-37 The best fighter in the world
Sukhoi Su-47 , Movie
Su-47 (Pentagon’s Nightmere), Movie
MIG 29 Fulcrum Western Analysis Movie
F-22 RAPTOR in Action, Movie
F-22 RAPTOR Cancelled, Movie

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Air-to-Air Combat
SOLO
F-35 Data Fused Sensors
F-35 JSF-Radar Movie
F-35 EO DAS Movie
F-35 Cockpit Movie
F-35 Glass Cockpit, Movie
The Unique F-35 Fighter Plane, Movie
USP 3” part F35 Joint Strike Fighter ENG, Movie
Dogfights of the Future, Movie

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Air-to-Air Combat
Destroy Enemy Aircraft to achieve Air Supremacy in order to prevent the enemy
to perform their missions and enable us to achieve our goals.
UNCLASSIFIED
SOLO
Return to Table of Content

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Air-to-Air Weapon System
• Pilot - performs the Air-Combat tasks
• Air Control supervises, controls and provides data
• Sensors (internal & external) provide the Air Situation Picture
• Fighter Avionics (Displays, Weapon System, Navigation, Communication,…)
• Air-to-Air Missiles
• Guns
UNCLASSIFIEDSOLO

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History of Air-to-Air Combat in Gun Only Age
• First Powered Flight – December 17, 1903, Wright Brothers
•WWI (1914 - 1918) - Piston Engines
• Spanish Civilian War (1936 - 1939) - Piston Engines
German Air superiority over Republicans
• WWII (1939 - 1945) - Piston Engines 1500 HP
German Air Superiority at the beginning lost to the Allied Air Forces
at the end
• Korea War (1950 - 1953) - Jet Fighters
• Sinai War (1956) - Jet Fighters
• Six Days War (1967) - Jet Fighters -
Israeli scored 79 victories
60 Mystere IV
72 Mirage III 1962
UNCLASSIFIEDSOLO

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Enemy pilots at first simply exchanged waves, or shook their fists at each other. Due to weight restrictions, only
small weapons could be carried on board. Intrepid pilots decided to interfere with enemy reconnaissance by
improvised means, including throwing bricks, grenades and sometimes rope, which they hoped would entangle the
enemy plane's propeller. The first dogfight is believed to have taken place on 28 August 1914, when Norman
Spratt, flying an unarmed Sopwith Tabloid,[7] forced down a German Albatros C.I two-seater.
Pilots then began firing hand-held guns at enemy planes, such as pistols and carbines. In August 1914, Staff-
Captain Pyotr Nesterov, from Russia, became the first pilot to ram his plane into an enemy spotter aircraft. In
October 1914, an airplane was shot down by a hand gun from another plane for the first time over Rheims,
France. Once machine guns were mounted to the plane, either on a flexible mounting or higher on the wings of
early biplanes, the era of air combat began.
The biggest problem was mounting a machine gun onto an aircraft so that it could be fired forward, through the
propeller, and aimed by pointing the nose of the aircraft directly at the enemy. Roland Garros solved this problem
by mounting steel deflector wedges to the propeller of a Morane Saulnier monoplane. He achieved three kills, but
was shot down behind enemy lines, and captured before he could destroy his plane by burning it. The wreckage
was brought to Anthony Fokker, a Dutch designer who built aircraft for the Germans. Fokker decided that the
wedges were much too risky, and improved the design by connecting the trigger of an MG 08 Maxim machine gun
to the timing of the engine.[8][9] The Germans acquired an early air superiority due to the invention of the
synchronization gear in 1915, transforming air combat with the Fokker E.I, the first synchronized, forward firing
fighter plane.[8][9] On the evening of July 1, 1915, the very first aerial engagement by a fighter plane armed with
a synchronized, forward-firing machine gun occurred just to the east of Luneville, France. The German Fokker
E.I was flown by Lieutenant Kurt Wintgens, earning the victory over a French two-seat observation monoplane.
Later that same month, on July 25, 1915, British Royal Flying Corps (RFC) Major Lanoe Hawker, flying a very
early production Bristol Scout C., attacked three separate aircraft during a single sortie, shooting down two with a
non-synchronizable Lewis gun which was mounted next to his cockpit at an outwards angle to avoid hitting the
propeller. He forced the third one down, and was awarded the Victoria Cross.[8]
World War I
SOLO

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World War I Movies
Dogfights – The First Dogfighters – Part 1
A Historystartsnow Production
Ernst Udet (62 Victories) Georges Guynmer (53)
Werner Voss (48) Sep 23 1917, Last Fight
Raymond Brooks, Sep 14 1918
SOLO
Return to Movies Table
I do not own any copyrights over those videos. Credits for making this great
series belong to the History Channel and the makers of the Dogfights series.

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Battles in the air increased as the technological advantage swung from the British to the Germans,
then back again. The Feldflieger Abteilung observation units of the German air service, in 1914-15,
consisted of six two-seat observation aircraft each, with each unit assigned to a particular German
Army headquarters location. They had but a single Fokker Eindecker aircraft assigned to each
"FFA" unit for general defensive duties, so pilots such as Max Immelmann and Oswald Boelcke
began as lone hunters with each "FFA" unit, shooting unarmed spotter planes and enemy aircraft
out of the sky.[9] During the first part of the war, there was no established tactical doctrine for air-to-
air combat. Oswald Boelcke was the first to analyze the tactics of aerial warfare, resulting in a set of
rules known as the Dicta Boelcke. Many of Boelcke's concepts, conceived in 1916, are still applicable
today, including use of sun and altitude, surprise attack, and turning to meet a threat.
British Brigadier General Hugh Trenchard ordered that all reconnaissance aircraft had to be
supported by at least three fighters, creating the first use of tactical formations in the air. The
Germans responded by forming Jastas, large squadrons of fighters solely dedicated to destroying
enemy aircraft, under the supervision of Boelcke. Pilots who shot down five or more fighters became
known as aces. One of the most famous dogfights, resulting in the death of Major Hawker, is
described by the Red Baron, Manfred von Richthofen,
World War I (continue)
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Name Country Air service(s) Victories Notes
von Richthofen, Manfred† Germany Luftstreitkräfte 80[25] The Red Baron
PLM plus 22 other awards
Fonck, René France Aéronautique Militaire 75[26]
Top Allied and French ace
CdeLd'h, MM(Fr), CdeG, BCdeG, MC,
MM
Bishop, Billy Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 72[27][a] Top Canadian ace
VC, DSO, MC, DFC, CdeLd'h, CdeG
Udet, Ernst Germany Luftstreitkräfte 62[25]
PLM, HOH, IC
Mannock, Edward† United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 73
Top British ace
VC, DSO**, MC*
Collishaw, Raymond Canada
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air
Force
60[28] Top Royal Naval Air Service ace
DSO*, DSC, DFC, OSA, CdeG
McCudden, James† United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 57[27]
VC, DSO*, MC*, MM, CdeG
Beauchamp-Proctor, Andrew South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 54[27] Top South African ace
VC, DSO, MC*, DFC
Löwenhardt, Erich† Germany Luftstreitkräfte 54[25]
PLM, IC
MacLaren, Donald Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 54[27]
DSO, MC*, CdeLd'h, CdeG
Guynemer, Georges† France Aéronautique Militaire 53[29]
CdeLd'h, MM(Fr), CdeG, DSO, OLII
Barker, William George Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 50[27] VC, DSO*, MC**, MMV*(Silver),
CdeG
Jacobs, Josef Germany Luftstreitkräfte 48[25]
PLM, IC
Voss, Werner† Germany Luftstreitkräfte 48[25] PLM, HOH, IC
Little, Robert A.† Australia
Force
47[27] Top Australian ace
DSO*, DSC*, CdeG
McElroy, George† United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 47[30]
MC**, DFC*
Dallas, Roderic† Australia
Force
45[31]
DSO, DSC*
Rumey, Fritz† Germany Luftstreitkräfte 45[25]
PLM, IC
Ball, Albert† United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 44[32][27]
VC, DSO**, MC, OSG
Berthold, Rudolph Germany Luftstreitkräfte 44[25]
PLM, MOSH, IC
Loerzer, Bruno Germany Luftstreitkräfte 44[25]
PLM, HOH, IC
Bäumer, Paul Germany Luftstreitkräfte 43[25]
PLM, MMC(P), IC, WB
Partial List of World War I Aces Credited with 20 or More VictoriesSOLO

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WWI Aces
(1914 – 1918)
Nieuport 17 Biplane fighter
Synchronised Vickers Gun
Fokker DR1 Triplane
2 × 7.92 mm (.312 in)
"Spandau" lMG 08 machine guns
Manfred von Richthofen
Red Baron
(1892 –1918)
Luftstreitkräfte
80 Confirmed Victories
William Avery "Billy" Bishop
(1894- 1956)
Royal Air Force
72 Confirmed Victories
Rene Fonck
(1983 – 1953)
French Air Force
75 confirmed Victories
SPAD S.VII Biplane
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General characteristics
•Crew: One
•Length: 5.77 m (18 ft 11 in)
•Wingspan: 7.20 m (23 ft 7 in)
•Height: 2.95 m (9 ft 8 in)
•Wing area: 18.70 m² (201 ft²)
•Empty weight: 406 kg (895 lb)
•Loaded weight: 586 kg (1,292 lb)
•Powerplant: 1 × Oberursel Ur.II 9-cylinder
rotary engine, 82 kW (110 hp)
•Zero-lift drag coefficient: 0.0323
•Drag area: 0.62 m² (6.69 ft²)
•Aspect ratio: 4.04
Performance
•Maximum speed: 185 km/h at sea level (115 mph at
sea level)
•Stall speed: 72 km/h (45 mph)
•Range: 300 km (185 mi)
•Service ceiling: 6,095 m (20,000 ft)
•Rate of climb: 5.7 m/s (1,130 ft/min)
•Lift-to-drag ratio: 8.0
Armament
•2 × 7.92 mm (.312 in) "Spandau" lMG 08 machine
guns
Role Fighter
Manufacturer Fokker-Flugzeugwerke
Designer Reinhold Platz
First flight 5 July 1917
Primary user Luftstreitkräfte
Number built 320
Fokker Dr.I , Dreidecker (triplane)
WWI FightersSOLO

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•Crew: one
•Length: 5.80 m (19 ft 0 in)
•Height: 2.40 m (7 ft 10 in)
•Wing area: 14.75 m² (158.8 ft²)
•Empty weight: 375 kg (825 lb)
•Loaded weight: 560 kg (1,232 lb)
•Powerplant: 1 × Le Rhône 9Ja 9-cylinder
rotary engine, 82 kW (110 hp)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 177 km/h [4] (96 kn, 110 mph) at
2000m
•Endurance: 1.75 hours
•Rate of climb: 11.5 min to 3,000 m (9,840 ft) ()
•Wing loading: 37.9 kg/m² (7.77 lb/ft²)
•Power/mass: 0.15 kW/kg (0.09 hp/lb)
Armament
Guns:
•(French service) 1 × synchronised Vickers machine
gun
•(British service) 1 × Lewis gun on Foster mounting
on upper wing
•Rockets: 8 Le Prieur rockets
Role Fighter
Manufacturer Nieuport
First flight January 1916
Introduction March 1916
Primary user Aéronautique Militaire
Variants Nieuport 23
Nieuport 17
WWI Fighter
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Airplane technology rapidly increased in sophistication after World War I. By 1936,
dogfighting was thought to be a thing of the past, since aircraft were reaching top speeds of
over 250 miles per hour (400 km/h).[11] This was proved wrong during the Spanish civil war,
as quoted by the U.S. Attaché in 1937, “The peacetime theory of the complete invulnerability of
the modern type of bombardment airplane no longer holds. The increased speeds of both the
bombardment and pursuit plane have worked in favor of the pursuit … The flying fortress died
in Spain.”
Large scale bombing of the civilian population, thought to be demoralizing to the enemy and
impossible to stop ("The bomber will always get through"), proved to have the opposite effect.
Dr. E. B. Strauss surmised, “Observers state that one of the most remarkable effects of the
bombing of open towns in Government Spain had been the welding together into a formidable
fighting force of groups of political factions who were previously at each others throats…”, to
which Hitler’s Luftwaffe, supporting the Spanish Nationalists, generally agreed.
At the beginning of the war, new tactics were developed, most notably by Luftwaffe Condor
Legion Lieutenant Werner Mölders. He advised abandoning the standard “V” formation used
in combat, and grouping fighters in pairs, starting the practice of having a wingman at one's
side. He advised that pairs of aircraft approaching a fight should increase the distance between
them instead of holding tight formations, which became a precursor to the combat spread
maneuver. He also started the practice of training pilots to fly at night, and with instruments
only. Using the new tactics, and flying the newest Messerschmitt Bf-109 fighters, the Germans
shot down 22 Spanish Republican fighters within a five day period, suffering no losses of their
own.
Spanish Civil War (1936 – 1939)
Messerschmitt Bf 109Polikarpov I-16
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•Crew: One
•Length: 8.95 m (29 ft 7 in)
•Wing area: 16.05 m² (173.3 ft²)
•Empty weight: 2,247 kg (5,893 lb)
•Loaded weight: 3,148 kg (6,940 lb)
•Max. takeoff weight: 3,400 kg (7,495 lb)
•Powerplant: 1 × Daimler-Benz DB 605A-1 liquid-cooled
inverted V12, 1,475 PS (1,455 hp, 1,085 kW)
•Propellers: VDM 9-12087 three-bladed light-alloy
propeller
•Propeller diameter: 3 m (9.84 ft) ()
Armament
Guns:
•2 × 13 mm (.51 in) MG 131 machine guns with 300
rounds per gun
•1 × 20 mm MG 151 cannon as Motorkanone with 150 rpg.
G-6/U4 variant: 1 × 30 mm (1.18 in) MK 108 cannon as
Motorkanone with 65 rpg
•2 × 20 mm MG 151/20 underwing cannon pods with 135
rpg (optional kit - Rüstsatz VI)
•Rockets: 2 × 21 cm (8 in) Wfr. Gr. 21 rockets (G-6 with
BR21)
•Bombs: 1 × 250 kg (551 lb) bomb or 4 × 50 kg (110 lb)
bombs or 1 × 300 litres (79 USgal) drop tank
Avionics
FuG 16Z radio
Performance
•Maximum speed: 640 km/h (398 mph) at 6,300 m
(20,669 ft)
•Cruise speed: 590 km/h (365 mph) at 6,000 m (19,680
ft)
•Range: 850 km (528 mi) 1,000 km (621 mi) with
droptank
•Wing loading: 196 kg/m² (40 lb/ft²)
•Power/mass: 344 W/kg (0.21 hp/lb)
Messerschmitt Bf 109
WWII FighterSOLO

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Focke Wulf 190
General Characteristics
• Crew: 1
• Length: 10.20 m (33 ft 5½ in)
• Wingspan: 10.50 m (34 ft 5 in)
• Height: 3.35 m (11 ft 0 in)
• Wing area: 18.30 m² (196.99 ft²)
• Empty weight: 3,490 kg (7,694 lb)
• Loaded weight: 4,270 kg (9,413 lb)
• Max. takeoff weight: 4,840 kg (10,670 lb)
• Powerplant: 1 × Junkers Jumo 213 A-1
12-cylinder inverted-Vee piston engine, 1,287 kW,
(1,750 PS) , 1,544 kW (2,100 PS) with boost
Performance
• Maximum speed: 685 km/h (426 mph)
at 6,600 m (21,655 ft), 710 km/h (440 mph)
at 37,000 ft (11,000 m)
• Range: 835 km (519 mi)
• Service ceiling: 12,000 m (39,370 ft)
• Rate of climb: 17 m/s (3,300 ft/min)
• Wing loading: 238 kg/m² (48.7 lb/ft²)
• Power/mass: 0.30–0.35 kW/kg (0.18–0.21 hp/lb)
Armament
• Guns: ** 2 × 13 mm (.51 in) MG 131
machine guns with 475 rpg
*2 × 20 mm MG 151 cannons with 250 rpg in
the wing root
• Bombs: 1 × 500 kg (1,102 lb) SC 500 bomb
(optional)
Specifications (Fw 190 D-9)
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Polikarpov I-16
• Crew: One
• Length: 6.13 m (20 ft 1 in)
• Wingspan: 9 m (29 ft 6 in)
• Height: 3.25 m (10 ft 8 in)
• Wing area: 14.5 m² (156.1 ft²)
• Powerplant: 1 × Shvetsov M-63 supercharged air-cooled
radial engine, 820 kW (1,100 hp) driving a two-blade
propeller
Performance
• Maximum speed: 525 km/h (283 kn, 326 mph) at
3,000 m (9,845 ft)
• Range: 700 km (378 nmi, 435 mi (with drop tanks))
• Rate of climb: 14.7 m/s (2,900 ft/min)
• Wing loading: 134 kg/m² (27 lb/ft²)
• Power/mass: 346 W/kg (0.21 hp/lb)
• Time to altitude: 5.8 minutes to 5,000 m (16,405 ft
Armament
• 2 × fixed forward-firing 7.62 mm (0.30 in) ShKAS
machine guns in upper cowling
• 2 × fixed forward-firing 20 mm (0.79 in) ShVAK
cannons in the wings
• 6 × unguided RS-82 rockets or up to 500 kg (1,102 lb)
of bombs
At the start of Spanish Civil War in 1936,
Republican forces pleaded for fighter
aircraft. After receiving payment in gold,
Joseph Stalin dispatched around 475 I-16
Type 5s and Type 6s.
I-16 in Spanish Republican
colors with "Popeye mascot”
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World War II
The Battle of Britain (literally "Air
battle for England" or "Air battle for
Great Britain") is the name given to
the Second World War air campaign
waged by the German Air Force
(Luftwaffe) against the United
Kingdom during the summer and
autumn of 1940. The objective of the
campaign was to gain air superiority
over the Royal Air Force (RAF),
especially Fighter Command. The
name derives from a famous speech
delivered by Prime Minister Winston
Churchill in the House of Commons:
"…the Battle of France is over. I
expect that the Battle of Britain is
about to begin."
Date
10 July – 31 October 1940[nb 1]
(3 months and 3 weeks)
Location United Kingdom airspace
Result Decisive British victory[nb 2]
Belligerents
United Kingdom
Canada
Germany
Italy
Commanders and leaders
Hugh Dowding
Keith Park
Trafford Leigh-Mallory
CJ Quintin Brand
Richard Saul
Hermann Göring
Albert Kesselring
Hugo Sperrle
Hans-Jürgen Stumpff
Rino Corso Fougier
Strength
1,963 serviceable aircraft [nb 5]
2,550 serviceable aircraft. [nb 6] [nb 7]
Casualties and losses
544 aircrew killed[8][9][10]
422 aircrew wounded[11]
1,547 aircraft destroyed[nb 8]
2,698 aircrew killed[12]
967 captured
638 missing bodies identified by
British authorities[13]
1,887 aircraft destroyed
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World War II
Chain Home radar cover, bases and group boundaries
Usually the first indications of incoming air raids were
received by the Chain Home Radio Direction Finding
(RDF) facilities which were located around the coastlines
of Great Britain. In most circumstances, RDF could pick
up formations of Luftwaffe aircraft as they organised over
their own airfields. Once the raiding aircraft moved inland
over England, the formations were also plotted by the
Observer Corps. The information from RDF and the
Observer Corps were sent through to the main operations
room of Fighter Command Headquarters at Bentley
Priory. The plots were assessed to determine whether they
were "hostile" or "friendly". If hostile, the information
was sent to the main "operations room", which was in a
large underground bunker.
Here the course information of each raid was plotted by
WAAFs who received information by a telephone system.
Additional intelligence was provided by the "Y" Service
radio posts, which monitored enemy radio transmissions,
and the "Ultra" decoding centre based at Bletchley Park.
Colour coded counters representing each raid were placed
on a large table, which had a map of Britain overlaid and
squared off with a British Modified Grid. The colour of
counter to use for a new sighting was determined by the
time of the sighting, the proper colour being indicated by
the minute hand of the sector clock. As the plots of the
raiding aircraft moved, the counters were pushed across
the map by magnetic "rakes".
British Control systems
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World War II
British Control systems
Fighters
The Luftwaffe's Messerschmitt Bf 109E and
Bf 110C squared off against the RAF's
workhorse Hurricane Mk I and the less
numerous Spitfire Mk I. The Bf 109E had a
better climb rate and was 10–30 mph (16–48
km/h) faster than the Hurricane Mk I,
depending on altitude.[43]
In spring and
summer 1940, RAF fighters benefited from
increased availability of 100 octane aviation
fuel, which allowed their Merlin engines to
generate significantly more power through the
use of an Emergency Boost Override. In
September 1940, the more powerful Mk IIa
series 1 Hurricanes started entering service in
small numbers. This version was capable of a
maximum speed of 342 mph (550 km/h), some
25–30 mph (40–48 km/h) more than the Mk
Hawker Hurricane Mk1
Supermarine Spitfire
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World War II
Phases of the battle
The Battle can be roughly divided into four phases:
• 10 July – 11 August: Kanalkampf, ("the Channel battles").
• 12 – 23 August: Adlerangriff ("Eagle Attack"), the early assault against the
coastal airfields.
• 24 August – 6 September: the Luftwaffe targets the airfields.
The critical phase of the battle.
• 7 September onwards: the day attacks switch to British towns and cities.
The War File - The Battle Of Britain (1_4)
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World War II
Phases of the battle
The Battle can be roughly divided into four phases:
• 10 July – 11 August: Kanalkampf, ("the Channel battles").
• 12 – 23 August: Adlerangriff ("Eagle Attack"), the early assault against the
coastal airfields.
• 24 August – 6 September: the Luftwaffe targets the airfields.
The critical phase of the battle.
• 7 September onwards: the day attacks switch to British towns and cities.
The Lost Evidence: The Battle of Britain, Part 1/5
WWII in Color-The Battle of Britain and the Blitz Over London
Battle of Britain Heroes
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Name Country Service Victories File
Hartmann, Erich "Bubi" Germany Luftwaffe 352(top ace of all time)
Barkhorn, Gerhard Germany Luftwaffe 301
Rall, Günther Germany Luftwaffe 275
Kittel, OttoOtto Kittel Germany Luftwaffe 267
Nowotny, Walter "Nowi"
Walter "Nowi" Nowotny
Germany Luftwaffe 258
Batz, WilhelmWilhelm Batz Germany Luftwaffe 237
Rudorffer, ErichErich Rudorffer Germany Luftwaffe 222(12Me-262)
Bär, HeinzHeinz Bär Germany Luftwaffe 220(16Me-262)
Top of the List of World War II German Aces
(They count A/ C destroyed on the Ground and in Air)
World War IISOLO

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Top German Aces Kills Comments Medal Unit East West Plane
Erich Hartmann 352 First kill Nov. 1942 KCOSD JG 52 352 - Bf 109
Gerhard Barkhorn 301
120sorties w/o a
kill
KCOS JG 52, 6, JV 44 301 - Bf 109
Günther Rall 275
two long injury
layoffs
KCOS JG 52, 11, 300 272 3 Bf 109
Otto Kittel 267
583sorties, KIA
Feb '45
KCOS JG 54 267 - Fw 190
Walter Nowotny 258
Austrian, KIA Nov
'44
KCOSD JG 54, Kdo. Nov. 255 3 Fw 190
Wilhelm Batz 237 - KCOS JG 52 232 5 Bf 109
Erich Rudorffer 222
1000+sorties,
downed
16 times, 12 Me
262 kills
KCOS JG 2, 54, 7 136 86 Fw 190
Heinz Bär 220
16in Me 262,
downed 18 times
KCOS various 96 124 various
Hermann Graf 211 830+sorties KCOSD various 201 10 Fw 190
Heinrich Ehler 209 - KCO JG, 5, 7 209 - Bf 109
Theodore Weissenburger 208
500+sorties,
8 kills with Me 262
KCO JG 77, 5, 7 175 33 Bf 109
Hans Philipp 206
shot down by
Robert S. Johnson
KCOS JG 76, 54, 1 177 29 Fw 190
Walter Schuck 206 - KCO JG 5, 7 198 8 Bf 109
Anton Hafner 204 - KCO JG 51 184 20 -
Helmut Lipfert 203 - KCO JG 52, 53 199 4 Bf 109
Walter Krupinksi 197 - KCO JG 52 177 20 Bf 109
Anton Hackl 192 - KCOS JG 77 130 62 Bf 109
Joachim Brendel 189 - KCO JG 51 189 - Fw 190
Max Stotz 189 - KCO JG 54 173 16 Fw 190
Joachim Kirschner 188 - KCO JG 3 167 21 Bf 109
Kurt Brändle 180 - KCO JG 53, 3 160 20 Bf 109
Gunther Josten 178 - KCO JG 51 178 - -
Johannes "Macky"
Steinhoff
176 - KCOS JG 52 148 28 Bf 109
Günther Schack 174 - KCO JG 51 174 - -
Heinz Schmidt 173 - KCO JG 52 173 - Bf 109
Emil "Bully" Lang 173 18in one day KCO JG 54 148 25 Fw 190
Hans-Joachim Marseille 158 - KCOSD JG 27 - 158 Bf 109
Adolph Galland 104 - KCOSD
JG.26, JG.27,
JV.44
- 104 Bf 109, Me 262
Knights Cross (KC) with Oak Leaves (O), Swords (S), and Diamonds (D). More about WW2 German medals here.
Top of the List of World War II German Aces
(They count A/ C destroyed on the Ground and in Air)
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Ivan Kozhedub Soviet Union Soviet Air Force
62 (Highest scoring
Allied Ace of
WWII)
Aleksandr Ivanovich Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 59
Pokryshkin
Grigoriy Rechkalov Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 58
, Nikolay
Dmitrievich Gulayev
Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 57
Kirill A. Yevstigneyev Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 53
—
Dmitriy Glinka Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 50
—
Arseniy Vorozheikin Soviet Union Soviet Air Force
46 (+6 in
Manchuria)
Koldunov,
Aleksandr
Skomorohov,
Nikolay
Sergey Luganski Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 37
—
Alexandr Kumanichkin Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 31
Amet-Han Sultan Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 30+19 shared
List of Soviet World War II flying Aces
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After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, in the Hawaiian Islands, the United States entered the war. The Japanese used
the Mitsubishi A6M Zero, an extremely lightweight fighter known for its exceptional range and maneuverability.
[20] The U.S. military tested out the Akutan Zero, an A6M2 which was captured intact in 1942, advising "Never
attempt to dogfight a Zero." Even though its engine was rather low in power, the Zero had very low wing loading
characteristics, a small turn radius, a top speed over 330 MPH, and could climb better than any fighter used by the
U.S. at that time, although it was poorly armored compared to U.S. aircraft.
A pilot who realized that new tactics had to be devised was Lieutenant Commander John S. "Jimmy" Thach,
commander of Fighting Three in San Diego. He read the early reports coming out of China and wrestled with the
problem of his F4F Wildcats being relatively slower and much less maneuverable than the Japanese planes. He
devised a defensive maneuver called the "Thach Weave." Lieutenant Commander Thach reasoned that two
planes, a leader and his wingman, could fly about 200 feet apart and adopt a weaving formation when under
attack by Japanese fighters.
Thach later faced the A6M Zero during the Battle of Midway, in June 1942, for the test of his theory. Although
outnumbered, he found that a Zero would lock onto the tail of one of the fighters. In response, the two planes
would turn toward each other. When the Zero followed its original target through the turn it would come into a
position to be fired on by the target's wingman, and the predator would become the prey. His tactic proved to be
effective and was soon adopted by other squadrons. The Thach Weave helped make up for the inferiority of the US
planes in maneuverability and numbers, until new aircraft could be brought into service. The usefulness of this
strategy survives until today.
Another effective maneuver used by the U.S. Pilots was a simple break, which consisted of turning sharply across
an attacker's flight path, which worked well because the large nose of the Zero tended to obstruct the pilot's view.
[22] Still another good tactic was to dive upon the Zero, shoot in one pass, and use the speed to climb back above
the fight to dive again.[23] By 1943 the U.S. technology began to produce planes that were better matched against
the Japanese planes, such as the Grumman F6F Hellcat, and the Vought F4U Corsair.
WWII USA vs Japan (1941 – 1945)
Mitsubishi A6M Zero Vought F4U Corsair
Grumman F6F Hellcat
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Supermarine Spitfire
WWII Fighter
•Crew: one pilot
•Length: 29 ft 11 in (9.12 m)
•Wingspan: 36 ft 10 in (11.23 m)
•Height: 11 ft 5 in (3.86 m)
•Wing area: 242.1 ft² (22.48 m²)
•Airfoil: NACA 2209.4(tip)
•Empty weight: 5,090 lb (2,309 kg)
•Loaded weight: 6,622 lb (3,000 kg)
•Max. takeoff weight: 6,770 lb (3,071 kg)
•Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Merlin 45
supercharged V12 engine, 1,470 hp (1,096 kW) at
9,250 ft (2,820 m)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 378 mph, (330 kn, 605 km/h)
•Combat radius: 410 nmi (470 mi, 760 km)
•Ferry range: 991 nmi (1,140 mi, 1,840 km)
•Service ceiling: 35,000 ft (11,300 m)
•Rate of climb: 3,240 ft/min (13.5 m/s)
•Wing loading: 27.35 lb/ft² (133.5 kg/m²)
•Power/mass: 0.22 hp/lb (0.36 kW/kg)
Armament
Guns:
•2 × 20 mm (0.787-in) Hispano Mk II
cannon, 60 rpg (drum magazine)
•4 × 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Browning machine
guns, 350 rpg
•Bombs: 2 × 250 lb (113 kg) bombs
Role Fighter / Photo-reconnaissance aircraft
Manufacturer Supermarine
Designer R. J. Mitchell
First flight 5 March 1936[1]
Introduction 4 August 1938[1]
Retired 1961 Irish Air Corps[2]
Primary user Royal Air Force
Produced 1938–1948
Number built 20,351[3]
Unit cost £12,604 (Estonian order for 12 Spitfires in
1939)[nb 1].[4]
Variants Supermarine Seafire
Supermarine SpitefulGreatest ever_ Fighters #2 Supermarine Spitfire (WW2), Movie
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Hawker Huricane MK1
WWII Fighter
Hawker Hurricane Mk1
Role Fighter
Manufacturer
Hawker Aircraft
Gloster Aircraft Company
Canadian Car and Foundry
Austin Motor Company
Designer Sydney Camm
First flight 6 November 1935
Introduction 1937
Primary user
Royal Air Force
Royal Canadian Air Force
Number built 14,533
The aircraft became renowned during the
Battle of Britain, accounting for 60% of the
RAF's air victories in the battle, and served in
all the major theatres of the Second World
War
• Crew: 1
• Length: 32 ft 3 in (9.84 m)
• Wingspan: 40 ft 0 in (12.19 m)
• Height: 13 ft 1½ in (4.0 m)
• Wing area: 257.5 ft² (23.92 m²)
• Empty weight: 5,745 lb (2,605 kg)
• Loaded weight: 7,670 lb (3,480 kg)
• Max. takeoff weight: 8,710 lb (3,950 kg)
• Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Merlin XX liquid-
cooled
V-12, 1,185 hp (883 kW) at 21,000 ft (6,400 m)
Performance
• Maximum speed: 340 mph (547 km/h) at 21,000 ft
(6,400 m) [N 11]
• Range: 600 mi (965 km)
• Service ceiling: 36,000 ft (10,970 m)
• Rate of climb: 2,780 ft/min (14.1 m/s)
• Wing loading: 29.8 lb/ft² (121.9 kg/m²)
• Power/mass: 0.15 hp/lb (0.25 kW/kg)
Armament
Guns: 4 × 20 mm (.79 in) Hispano Mk II cannons
Bombs: 2 × 250 or 500 lb (110 or 230 kg) bombs
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• Crew: 2 (3 for night fighter variants)
• Length: 12.3 m (40 ft 6 in)
• Height: 3.3 m (10 ft 9 in)
• Wing area: 38.8 m² (414 ft²)
• Powerplant: 2 × Daimler-Benz DB 605B
liquid- cooled inverted V-12, 1,085 kW
(1,455 HP) 1,475 PS each
Armament
Guns:
• 2 × 20 mm MG 151 cannons 750
rounds: 350 rpg + 400 rpg rounds
• 4 × 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 17 machine
guns with 1,000 rounds per gun
• 1 × 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 81Z twin
machine gun installation in rear
cockpit, with 850 rounds per gun
Performance
• Maximum speed: 595 km/h (370 mph)
• Range: 900 km (558 mi) ; 1,300 km (807 mi)
with droptanks
• Rate of climb: 8 min to 6,000 m (20,000 ft)
• Wing loading: max. 243 kg/m²
WWII Fighter
The Bf 110's lack of agility in the air was
its primary weakness. This flaw was
exposed during the Battle of Britain, when
some Bf 110-equipped units were
withdrawn from the battle after very heavy
losses and redeployed as night fighters, a
role to which the aircraft was well suited
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Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1
WWII Fighter
•Crew: One[10]
•Length: 8.16 m (26 ft 9 in)
•Wing area: 17.5 m² (188 ft²)
•Airfoil: Clark YH
•Powerplant: 1 × Mikulin AM-35A liquid-cooled V-
12, 1,007 kW (1,350 hp)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 657 km/h (410 mph)
•Range: 580 km (362 mi)
•Power/mass: 0.32 kW/kg (0.20 hp/lb)
Armament
•1 × 12.7 mm BS machine gun
•2 × 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns
•up to 200 kg (440 lb) of bombs
Role Fighter
Manufacturer Mikoyan-Gurevich
First flight 5 April 1940
Retired 1943
Primary user VVS
Produced 1940
Number built 100 + 3 prototypes
Variants Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3
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Mitsubishi A6M Zero
WWII Fighter
•Crew: 1
•Length: 9.06 m (29 ft 9 in)
•Height: 3.05 m (10 ft 0 in)
•Wing area: 22.44 m² (241.5 ft²)
•Powerplant: 1 × Nakajima Sakae 12 radial
engine, 709 kW (950 hp)
Performance
•Never exceed speed: 660 km/h (356 kn, 410
mph)
•Maximum speed: 533 km/h (287 kn, 331
mph) at 4,550 m (14,930 ft)
•Range: 3,105 km (1,675 nmi, 1,929 mi)
•Power/mass: 294 W/kg (0.18 hp/lb)
Armament
Guns:
•Divergence of trajectories between
7.7 mm and 20mm ammunition
•2× 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Type 97
machine guns in the engine cowling,
with 500 rounds per gun.
•2× 20 mm Type 99 cannon in the
wings, with 60 rounds per gun.
Bombs:
•2× 60 kg (132 lb) bombs or
•1× fixed 250 kg (551 lb) bomb for
kamikaze attacks
Role Fighter
Manufacturer Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries, Ltd
First flight 1 April 1939
Introduction 1 July 1940
Retired 1945 (Japan)
Primary users Imperial
Japanese Navy Air Service
Chinese Nationalist Air Force
Number built 10,939
Variants Nakajima A6M2-N
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•Crew: 1
•Length: 32 ft 3 in (9.83 m)
•Height: 13 ft 4½ in (4.08 m:tail wheel on ground, vertical
propeller blade.)
•Wing area: 235 ft² (21.83 m²)
•Powerplant: 1 × Packard V-1650-7 liquid-cooled supercharged
V-12, 1,490 hp (1,111 kW) at 3,000 rpm;[77] 1,720 hp (1,282
kW) at WEP
•Drag area: 3.80 ft² (0.35 m²)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 437 mph (703 km/h) at 25,000 ft (7,600 m)
•Cruise speed: 362 mph (580 km/h)
•Stall speed: 100 mph (160 km/h)
•Range: 1,650 mi (2,755 km) with external tanks
•Wing loading: 39 lb/ft² (192 kg/m²)
•Power/mass: 0.18 hp/lb (300 W/kg)
•Recommended Mach limit 0.8
Armament
•6× 0.50 caliber (12.7mm) M2 Browning machine guns with
1,880 total rounds (400 rounds for each on the inner pair, and
270 rounds for each of the outer two pair)
•2× hardpoints for up to 2,000 lb (907 kg) of bombs
•6 or 10× T64 5.0 in (127 mm) H.V.A.R rockets (P-51D-25, P-
51K-10 on)[
P-51D 44-14888 of the 8th AF/357th FG/363rd FS,
named Glamorous Glennis III, is the aircraft in which
Chuck Yeager achieved most of his 12.5 kills, including
two Me 262s
Chuck Yeager
15,100 planes produced. P-51D specs: 440
MPH, six 50 caliber machine guns
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North American P-51D Mustang
WWII & North Korea

40
Republic P-47 Thunderbolt
WWII & North Korea
•Crew: 1
•Length: 36 ft 1 in (11.00 m)
•Height: 14 ft 8 in (4.47 m)
•Wing area: 300 ft² (27.87 m²)
•Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800-59 twin-
row radial engine, 2,535 hp (1,890 kW)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 433 mph at 30,000 ft (697 km/h
at 9,145 m)
•Range: 800 mi combat, 1,800 mi ferry (1,290 km /
2,900 km)
•Power/mass: 0.14 hp/lb (238 W/kg)
Armament
•8 × .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 Browning
machine guns (3400 rounds)
•Up to 2,500 lb (1,134 kg) of bombs
•10 × 5 in (127 mm) unguided rockets
Republic Aviation's P-47 Thunderbolt, also
known as the "Jug", was the largest, heaviest,
and most expensive fighter aircraft in history to
be powered by a single reciprocating engine
Francis Stanley "Gabby" Gabreski
was the top American fighter ace in
Europe during World War II, a jet
fighter ace in Korea, and a career
officer in the United States Air
Force with more than 26 years
service.
Although best known for his
credited destruction of 34½ aircraft
in aerial combat and being one of
only seven U.S. pilots to become an
ace in two wars
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Grumman F6F Hellcat
• Crew: 1
• Length: 33 ft 7 in (10.24 m)
• Wingspan: 42 ft 10 in (13.06 m)
• Height: 13 ft 1 in (3.99 m)
• Wing area: 334 ft² (31 m²)
• Airfoil: NACA 23015.6 mod root; NACA 23009 tip
• Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800-10W "Double Wasp“
two-row radial engine with a two-speed two-stage supercharger,
2,000 hp (1,491 kW[69])
• Propellers: 3-blade Hamilton Standard
• Propeller diameter: 13 ft 1 in (4.0 m)
• Fuel capacity: 250 gal (946 L) internal; up to 3 × 150 gal (568 L)
external drop tanks
• Zero-lift drag coefficient: 0.0211
• Drag area: 7.05 ft² (0.65 m²)
• Aspect ratio: 5.5
Performance
• Maximum speed: 330 kn (380 mph, 610 km/h)
• Stall speed: 73 kn (84 mph, 135 km/h)
• Combat radius: 820 nmi (945 mi, 1,520 km)
• Ferry range: 1,330 nmi (1,530 mi, 2,460 km)
• Wing loading: 37.7 lb/ft² (184 kg/m²)
• Power/mass: 0.16 hp/lb (260 W/kg)
• Time-to-altitude: 7.7 min to 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
• Lift-to-drag ratio: 12.2
• Takeoff roll: 799 ft (244 m)
Armament
Guns:most F6F-5) or
• 2 × 20 mm (.79 in) cannon, with 225 rpg
and 4 × 0.50 in (12.7 mm) Browning machine
guns with 400 rpg (F6F-5N only)
• either 6× 0.50 in (12.7 mm) M2 Browning
machine guns, with 400 rpg, (All F6F-3, and
•Rockets:
* 6 × 5 in (127 mm) HVARs or
* 2 × 11¾ in (298 mm) Tiny Tim unguided
rockets
• Bombs: up to 4,000 lb (1,814 kg) full load,
including:
• Bombs or Torpedoes:(Fuselage mounted on
centerline rack)
* 1 × 2,000 lb (907 kg) bomb or
* 1 × Mk.13-3 torpedo;
• Underwing bombs: (F6F-5 had two additional
weapons
racks either side of fuselage on wing centre-
section)
* 2 × 1,000 lb (450 kg) or
* 4 × 500 lb (227 kg)
* 8 × 250 lb (110 kg)
The Grumman F6F Hellcat was a carrier-based fighter
aircraft developed to replace the earlier F4F Wildcat in
United States Navy (USN) service.
Dogfights: The Zero Killer
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A Historystartsnow Production
I do not own any
copyrights over
those videos. Credits
for making this
great series belong
to the History
Channel and the
makers of the
Dogfights series.

42
• Crew: 1 pilot
• Length: 33 ft 8 in (10.2 m)
• Height: 14 ft 9 in (4.50 m)
• Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800-18W
radial engine, 2,100 hp (1,565 kW
Performance
• Maximum speed: 446 mph (366 kn,
718 km/h)
• Range: 897 mi (602 nmi (1,115 km))
• Service ceiling: 41,500ft (12,649 m)
• Rate of climb: 3,870ft/min (19.7 m/s)
Armament
• Guns:
•6 × 0.50 in (12.7 mm) AN/M2
Browning machine guns, 400 rpg or
*4 × 20 millimetre (0.79 in) M2 cannon
• Rockets: 8 × 5 in (12.7 cm) high velocity
aircraft rockets and/or
• Bombs: 4,000 pounds (1,800 kg)
Vought F4U Corsair
Vought F4U Corsair was a carrier-capable
fighter aircraft that saw service primarily in
World War II and the Korean War.
It quickly became the most capable carrier-based fighter-bomber of World War II.
Some Japanese pilots regarded it as the most formidable American fighter of World
War II,[5]
and the U.S. Navy counted an 11:1 kill ratio with the F4U Corsair.[6]
As
well as being an outstanding fighter, the Corsair proved to be an excellent fighter-
bomber, serving almost exclusively in the latter role throughout the Korean War
and during the French colonial wars in Indochina and Algeria.[
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WWII Dogfight Movies
Dogfights – The P-51 Mustang – Part1
Dogfights – The Thunderbolt– Part1
Dogfights – No Room for Error– Part1
A Historystartsnow Production (TV Channel)
Donald S. Bryan, Nov. 2 1944, 5 kills, Me 109
Robert Scamara, June 23 1945, 3 kills +
4 Damaged Japanes, Lead Computing Gun Sight
Richard Candeleria, April. 7 1944, kills,
1 Me 262 Jet Fighter, + 4 Me 109
Robert S. Johnson vs Egon Mayer, June 26 1943
George Sutcliffe, June 14 1944, 2 vs 40 Me 109
Ken Dahlberg, Dec. 19 1944, 4 kills Me 109
Art Fiedler, July 26 1944, P51 Mustang
Kills 1 FW 190 and 1 Me 109
SOLO
I do not own any copyrights over those videos. Credits for
making this great series belong to the History Channel and
the makers of the Dogfights series.

44
Jet propulsion
Technology advanced extremely fast during World War II in ways that would change dogfighting forever. Jet
propulsion had been demonstrated long before the war, by German engineer Hans von Ohain in 1934, and by a
British engineer named Frank Whittle in 1937. The Messerschmitt Me 262 was the first jet fighter to be used in
battle, with a speed over 500 mph, and began taking a toll on Allied bombing missions in 1944. The British
were testing a jet that same year, the Gloster Meteor, which would later see action in the Korean War. Although
U.S. General Hap Arnold test flew the XP-59A in 1942, the plane was never used in combat. Other prime
inventions of the era include radar and air-to-air missiles
Hans Joachim Pabst
von Ohain
(1911 –1998)
Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe ("Swallow")
was the world's first operational jet-powered
fighter aircraft.[5] Design work started before
World War II began but engine problems
prevented the aircraft from attaining operational
status with the Luftwaffe until mid-1944.
Sir Frank Whittle
)1907–1996(
The Gloster Meteor was the first British jet fighter and
the Allies' first operational jet. Although the German
Messerschmitt Me 262 was the world's first
operational jet, the Meteor was the first production jet
as it entered production a few months before the Me
262. The Meteor's development was heavily reliant on
its ground-breaking turbojet engines, developed by Sir
Frank Whittle and his company, Power Jets Ltd.
Development of the aircraft began in 1940, work on
the engines had started in 1936. The Meteor first flew
in 1943 and commenced operations on 27 July 1944
with 616 Squadron of the Royal Air Force (RAF).
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45
Jet propulsion
Sir Frank Whittle
)1907–1996(
Role Fighter
Manufacturer Gloster Aircraft Company
First flight 5 March 1943
Introduction 27 July 1944
Retired 1980s (RAF target tugs/Ecuador combat roles)
Primary users Royal Air Force
Royal Australian Air Force
Belgian Air Force
Israeli Air Force
Number built 3,947
Initial deliveries of the F.8 to the RAF were in August 1949, with the first squadron
receiving its fighters in late 1950. Like the F.4, there were strong export sales of the F.8.
Belgium ordered 240 aircraft, the majority assembled in The Netherlands by Fokker. The
Netherlands had 160 F.8s, equipping seven squadrons until 1955. Denmark had 20,
ordered in 1951; they were to be the last F.8s in front line service in Europe. The RAAF
ordered 94 F.8s, which served in Korea (see below). Despite arms embargoes, both Syria
and Egypt received F.8s from 1952, as did Israel (where they served until 1961). On 1
September 1955, two Israeli F.8s shot down two Egyptian Vampires and in the 1956 Suez
Crisis, F.8s were employed by both Egypt and Israel in ground attack roles. After the crisis,
both Egypt and Syria disposed of their Meteors in favour of various MiG variants. Brazil
ordered 60 new Meteor F.8s and 10 T.7 trainers in October 1952, paying with 15,000 tons
of raw cotton
F.8
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Korean War (1950-1953)
After World War II, the question began to rise about the future usefulness of fighter aircraft.
This was especially true for the U.S., where the focus was placed on small, fast, long-range
bombers capable of delivering atomic bombs. The Korean War began in June 1950, and the
North Koreans were outmatched by the U.S. Air Force. The war was nearly over by October, with
the surrender of North Korea when, on November 1, Chinese MiG-15s attacked. The Chinese began supplying
North Korea with troops and provisions, and the war quickly resumed.
At 100 MPH faster, the MiG-15 was more than a match for the U.S. P-80 Shooting Star, using the same dive and
shoot tactic that the Americans found so useful against Japan. The U.S. jets had inferior weaponry, and suffered
from problems with production and parts. The U.S. resorted to using mainly the more maneuverable propeller
driven fighters during the war, such as the P-51 Mustang and the P-47 Thunderbolt, which were both carried over
from World War II.
To combat the MiGs, the F-86 Sabre was put into production. The U.S. pilots had one major advantage over the
Chinese, the G-suit. Chinese fighters were often seen spinning off out of control during a hard turn because the
pilot had lost consciousness. The Chinese were very competent in a dogfight, and large swirling battles were
fought in the skies over Korea. However, it is highly suspected by many U.S. pilots that some of the opponents they
faced over Korea were in fact well-trained Soviet pilots, who the Americans referred to as "honchos," (a Japanese
word, meaning "bosses"). Major Robinson Risner recalls,
Seeing one another about the same time, the MiG flight and my flight dropped [our extra fuel] tanks.. He was so
low he was throwing up small rocks. I dropped down to get him, but to hit him I had to get down in his jet wash.
He'd chop the throttle and throw out his speed brakes. I would coast up beside him, wingtip to wingtip. When it
looked like I was going to overshoot him, I would roll over the top and come down on the other side of him. When
I did, he'd go into a hard turn, pulling all the Gs he could. This guy was one fantastic pilot.
The war in the air, however, eventually came to a stalemate as fighting ceased between the two factions.
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47
Korean War (1950-1953) Air Combats
Those first encounters established the main features of the aerial battles of the next two and a
half years. The MiG-15 and MiG-15bis had a higher ceiling than all the versions of the Sabre –
15,500 m (50,900 ft) versus 14,936 m (49,003 ft) of the F-86F – and accelerated faster than F-
86A/E/Fs due to their better thrust-to-weight ratio – 1,005 km/h (624 mph) versus 972 km/h
(604 mph) of the F-86F. The MiG-15's 2,800 m (9,200 ft) per minute climbing rate was also
greater than the 2,200 m (7,200 ft) per minute of the F-86A and -E (the F-86F matched the
MiG-15s rate). A better turn radius above 10,000 m (33,000 ft) further distinguished the MiG-
15, as did more powerful weaponry – one 37 mm N-37 cannon and two 23 mm NR-23 cannons,
versus the inferior hitting power of the six 12.7 mm (.50 in) machine guns of the Sabre. But the
MiG was slower at low altitude – 935 km/h (581 mph) in the MiG-15bis configuration as
opposed to the 1,107 km/h (688 mph) of the F-86F. The Soviet World War II-era ASP-1N
gyroscopic gunsight was less sophisticated than the accurate A-1CM and A4 radar ranging
sights of the F-86E and -F. All Sabres turned tighter below the 8,000 m (26,000 ft) altitude.[14]
Thus if the MiG-15 forced the Sabre to fight in the vertical plane, or in the horizontal one above
10,000 m (33,000 ft), it gained a significant advantage. Furthermore, a MiG-15 could easily
escape from a Sabre by climbing to its ceiling, knowing that the F-86 could not follow him.
Below 8,000 m (26,247 ft) however, the Sabre had a slight advantage over the MiG in most
aspects excluding climb rate, especially if the Soviet pilot made the mistake of fighting in the
horizontal plane.
MiG-15
North American F-86 Sabre
Incredible Dogfight in Korean War
SOLO
I do not own any
copyrights over
those videos.
Credits for
making this great
series belong to
the History
Channel and the
makers of the
Dogfights series.

48
Photo Name Service Rank Victories Unit Aircraft Notes
Zhao Baotong PLAAF
not applicable
[note 1] 9[12]
3rd Fighter
Aviation
Division
Mig15
First Chinese pilot to achieve ace
status.[15]
Also known as Chao Bao
Tun.[14]
Wang Hai PLAAF not applicable 9[12]
3rd Fighter
Aviation
Division
Mig15
15
Although the US Air Force
acknowledged Wang's nine victories,
historian Zhang Xiaoming contended
that only four victories were actual
kills while other five were damages.
[16]
Also known as Van Hai.[12]
Li Han PLAAF not applicable 8[12]
4th Fighter
Aviation
Division
Mig15
First Chinese pilot credited with
shooting down a U.S. aircraft.[17]
— Lu Min PLAAF not applicable 8[12]
12th Fighter
Aviation
Division
Mig15
5
Later purged due to alleged
connections with Marshal Lin Biao's
coup attempt against Mao Zedong.[19]
Fan Wanzhang* PLAAF not applicable 8[12]
3rd Fighter
Aviation
Division
Mig15
5
Also known as Fan Van Chou.[14]
Killed in action on August 8, 1952.[13]
Sun Shenlu PLAAF not applicable 6[12]
3rd Fighter
Aviation
Division
Mig15
Killed in action on December 3, 1952
near the Ch'ongch'on River.[20]
— Liu Yudi PLAAF not applicable 6[13]
3rd Fighter
Aviation
Division
Mig15
Although Liu was credited with four
victories during a single mission on
November 23, 1951, US Air Force
records indicated that only two F-84
were
List of Korean War flying Aces
SOLO

49
•Crew: One
•Length: 34 ft 5 in (10.49 m)
•Height: 11 ft 3 in (3.43 m)
•Wing area: 237.6 ft² (22.07 m²)
•Powerplant: 1 × Allison J33-A-35 centrifugal compressor
turbojet, 5,400 lbf (24.0 kN)
•Drag area: 3.2 ft² (0.30 m²)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 600 mph (P-80A 558 mph at sea level
and 492 mph at 40,000 ft)[7] (965 km/h)
•Cruise speed: 410 mph (660 km/h)
•Range: 1,200 mi (1,930 km)
•Rate of climb: 4,580 ft/min (23.3 m/s) 5.5 min to 20,000 ft
(6,100 m)
•Thrust/weight: 0.43
Armament
•Guns: 6 × 0.50 in (12.7 mm) M2
Browning machine guns (300 rpg)
•Rockets: 8 × unguided rockets
•Bombs: 2 × 1,000 lb (454 kg) bombs
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
The Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star was
the first jet fighter used operationally
by the United States Army Air Forces.
[2] Designed in 1943 as a response to
the German Messerschmitt Me-262 jet
fighter, and delivered in just 143 days
from the start of the design process,
production models were flying but not
ready for service by the end of World
War II. Designed with straight wings,
the type saw extensive combat in
Korea with the United States Air
Force (USAF) as the F-80.
SOLO

50
•Crew: MiG-15bis=1, MiG-15UTI=2
•Length: 10.11 m (33 ft 2 in)
•Height: 3.70 m (12 ft 2 in)
•Wing area: 20.6 m² (221.74 ft²)
•Airfoil: TsAGI S-10 / TsAGI SR-3
•Fuel capacity: 1,400 L (364 US gal)
•Powerplant: 1 × Klimov VK-1 turbojet, 26.5 kN (5,950
lbf)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 1,075 km/h (668 mph)
•Cruise speed: 850 km/h (530 mph)
•Range: 1,310 km, 1,975 km with external tanks (815 mi /
1,230 mi)
•Rate of climb: 50 m/s (9,840 ft/min)
Armament
•2x NR-23 23mm cannons in lower left fuselage (80 rounds
per gun, 160 rounds total)
•1x Nudelman N-37 37 mm cannon in lower right fuselage
(40 rounds total)
•2x 100 kg (220 lb) bombs, drop tanks, or unguided rockets
on 2 underwing hardpoints.
Role Fighter
Manufacturer
Mikoyan-
Gurevich
First flight
30 December
1947
Introduction 1949
Status
Trainers in
service
Primary users
Soviet Air
Force
PLA Air
Force
Korean
People's Air
Force
41 others
Number built
~12,000 +
~6,000 under
licence
Developed
into
Mikoyan-
Gurevich
MiG-17
Egypt bought a handful of MiG-15bis and MiG-17 fighters in 1955 from
Czechoslovakia with the sponsorship and support of the USSR, just in time
to participate in the Suez Canal Crisis. By the outbreak of the Suez Conflict
in October 1956, four squadrons of the Egyptian Air Force were equipped
with the type although few pilots were trained to fly them effectively.
During the air combat against the Israeli Air Force the Egyptian MiG-15bis
managed to shoot down only three Israeli aircraft: a Piper Cub and a Meteor
F.8 on 30 October 1956, and a Dassault Ouragan on 1 November which
then performed a belly landing — this last victory was scored by the
Egyptian pilot Faruq el-Gazzavi.
MIG15 How Russian Trashed the Americans in Korea – Part 1
MIG15 How Russian Trashed the Americans in Korea – Part 5History (TV Channel)
SOLO

51
•Crew: 1
•Length: 37 ft 1 in (11.4 m)
•Height: 14 ft 1 in (4.5 m)
•Wing area: 313.4 sq ft (29.11 m²)
•Powerplant: 1 × General Electric J47-GE-27 turbojet, 5,910 lbf
(maximum thrust at 7.950 rpm for five min) (26.3 kN)
•Fuel provisions Internal fuel load: 437 US gallons (1,650 L)), Drop
tanks: 2 x 200 US gallons (760 L) JP-4 fuel
Performance
•Maximum speed: 687 mph (1,106 km/h) at sea level at 14,212 lb
(6,447 kg) combat weight
also reported 678 mph (1,091 km/h) and 599 at 35,000 feet
(11,000 m) at 15,352 pounds (6,960 kg). (597 knots (1,106 km/h)
at 6446 m, 1,091 and 964 km/h at 6,960 m.)
•Stall speed: 124 mph (power off) (108 knots (200 km/h))
•Range: 1,525 mi, (2,454)
•Service ceiling: 49,600 ft at combat weight (15,100 m)
•Rate of climb: 9,000 ft/min at sea level (45.72 m/s)
•lift-to-drag: 15.1
Armament
•Guns: 6 × 0.50 in (12.7 mm) M2 Browning machine
guns (1,602 rounds in total)
•Rockets: variety of rocket launchers; e.g: 2 × Matra
rocket pods with 18× SNEB 68 mm rockets each
•Bombs: 5,300 lb (2,400 kg) of payload on four
external hardpoints, bombs are usually mounted on
outer two pylons as the inner pairs are wet-plumbed
pylons for 2 × 200 US gallons (760 L) drop tanks to
give the Sabre a useful range. A wide variety of bombs
can be carried (max standard loadout being 2 × 1,000
lb bombs plus two drop tanks), napalm bomb canisters
and can include a tactical nuclear weapon.
North American F-86 Sabre
The F-86 was the primary U.S. air combat fighter
during the Korean War, with significant numbers
of the first three production models seeing combat
SOLO

52
On 30 October 1956 (Suez Crisis) the Mystere IV gets its first kill when eight aircraft
were in combat with 12 Egyptian Air Force MiG-15s. The Mysteres shot down one
MiG and damaged a second. In the following days two Mysteres engaged four
Egyptian De Havilland Vampires and destroyed them all.
60 Mystere IV
Six Days War 1967
During the Six Days War, the Israeli Air Force, with 196 combat[3] aircraft at its
disposal had prevailed over a coalition with approximately 600 combat aircraft. The
IAF destroyed 452 enemy aircraft, including 79 in air combat, while losing 46 of its
own. 24 Israeli pilots and hundreds of Arab pilots were killed
War of Attrition (1969 – 1970)
On July 30, 1970, the tension peaked: An IAF ambush resulted in a large scale
air brawl between IAF planes and MiGs flown by Soviet pilots – five MiGs were
shot down, while the IAF suffered no losses. Fear of further escalation and
superpower involvement brought the war to a conclusion. By the end of August
1970, the Israeli Air Force had claimed 111 aerial kills while admitting losing
only four aircraft to Arab fighters.
72 Mirage III 1962
F4 Phantom 1969
Sinai War 1956
Douglas A-4 Skyhawk
1967
Arab-Israeli Air Wars
SOLO

53
Shlomo Aloni,
Arab-Israeli Air Wars 1947-82
Shlomo Aloni,
Israeli Mirage and Nesher Aces
Shlomo Aloni,
Israeli F-4 Phantom II Aces
SOLO

54
Name Command Period
Amir Eshel * May 2012 - Present
Ido Nechushtan May 2008 - May 2012
Elyezer Shkedy April 2004 - May 2008
Dan Halutz April 2000 - April 2004
Eitan Ben Eliyahu July 1996 - April 2000
Herzl Bodinger January 1992 - July 1996
Avihu Ben-Nun September 1987 - January 1992
Amos Lapidot December 1982 - September 1987
David Ivri October 1977 - December 1982
Binyamin (Benny) Peled May 1973 - October 1977
Mordechai Hod April 1966 - May 1973
Ezer Weizmann July 1958 - April 1966
Dan Tolkovsky May 1953 - July 1958
Hayim Laskov August 1951 - May 1953
Shlomo Shamir December 1950 - August 1951
Aharon Remez July 1948 - December 1950
Yisrael Amir May 1948 - July 1948
Israeli Air Force Commanders-in Chief
SOLO

55
A few P-51 Mustangs were illegally bought by Israel in 1948, crated and smuggled into
the country as agricultural equipment for use in the War of Independence (1948) and
quickly established themselves as the best fighter in the Israeli inventory.[52] Further
aircraft were bought from Sweden, and were replaced by jets at the end of the 1950s,
but not before the type was used in the Suez Crisis, Operation Kadesh (1956).
Reputedly, during this conflict, one daring Israeli pilot literally cut communications
between Suez City and the Egyptian front lines by using his Mustang's propeller on the
telephone wires.[53]
Sinai War 1956
P-51D at the Israeli Air Force Museum; the
marking beneath the cockpit notes its
participation in the wire-cutting operation at
the onset of the Suez Crisis
Most of the IDF weapons in 1956 came from France. The main aircraft
were the Dassault Mystère IVA (50) and the Ouragan (75). Superior pilot
training was to give the Israeli Air Force an unbeatable edge over their
Egyptian opponents
Dassault M.D.450 Ouragan
Dassault Mystère IVA
On 30 October 1956 the Mystere IV gets its first kill when eight aircraft were in
combat with 12 Egyptian Air Force MiG-15s. The Mysteres shot down one MiG
and damaged a second. In the following days two Mysteres engaged four
Egyptian De Havilland Vampires and destroyed them all.
Israeli Ouragans entered combat on 12 April 1956, shooting down an Egyptian
Vampire. At the onset of the Suez Crisis on 29 October 1956, Ouragans shot down
an additional four Vampires. The two documented encounters with Soviet
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 fighters (also powered by the Nene engine but with a
more modern swept wing) ended with one Ouragan surviving several 37 mm
(1.46 in) cannon hits to fly the next day and one MiG-15 being heavily damaged
after it entered a turning dogfight with the Ouragans.[8]
The poor training of the
Egyptian pilots who were consistently unable to realize their advantage in numbers
as well as the MiG-15's speed and climb characteristics helped Ouragans to survive
despite their inferior performance. On 31 October, a pair of Ouragans armed with
rockets strafed the Egyptian destroyer Ibrahim el Awal (ex-HMS Mendip),
resulting in the capture of the ship.[
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56
Dassault M.D.450 Ouragan (French: Hurricane)
The Dassault M.D.450 Ouragan was the first French-designed jet fighter-bomber
to enter production, playing a key role in resurgence of the French aviation
industry after World War II. The Ouragan was operated by France, Israel, India
and El Salvador. While in Israeli service it participated in both the Suez Crisis and
Six-Day War.
• Crew: One
• Length: 10.73 m (35 ft 2 in)
• Height: 4.14 m (13 ft 7 in)
• Wing area: 23.8 m² (256.2 ft²)
• Aspect ratio: 7.3:1
• Empty weight: 4 142 kg (9,132 lb)
• Loaded weight: 7 404 kg (16,323 lb)
• Max. takeoff weight: 7 900 kg (17,416 lb)
• Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Nene 104B turbojet,
22.2 kN (4,990 lbf)
Performance
• Never exceed speed: Mach 0.83
• Maximum speed: 940 km/h (508 knots, 584 mph)
(Mach 0.76) at sea level
• Cruise speed: 750 km/h (405 knots, 465 mph)
• Combat radius: 450 km (245 nm, 280 mi)
• Ferry range: 920 km (500 nm, 570 mi)
• Service ceiling: 13 000 m (42,650 ft)
• Takeoff distance: 783 m (2,570 ft)
• Landing distance: 910 m (2,985 ft)
Armament
• Guns: 4× 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.404 cannon with
125 rounds per gun
• Rockets: 16× 105 mm (4.1 in) Brandt T-10 air-to-ground
unguided rockets; or, 2× Matra rocket pods with
18× SNEB 68 mm rockets each
• Bombs: 2,270 kg (5,000 lb) of payload on four external
hardpoints, including a variety of unguided iron bombs
such as 2× 454 kg (1,000 lb) bombs or 2× 458 liter (121 US
gallon) napalm bombs or Drop tanks for extended range.
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57
•Crew: 1
•Length: 12.89 m (42 ft 4 in)
•Height: 4.46 m (14 ft 8 in)
•Wing area: 32 m² (340 ft²)
•Powerplant: 1 × Hispano-Suiza Verdon 350,
34.4 kN (7,725 lbf)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 1,120 km/h (700 mph) at
sea level
•Range: 1,310 km (810 mi)
Dassault Mystère IV
Armament
•Guns: 2× 30 mm (1.18 in) DEFA cannons with 150
rounds per gun
•Rockets: 2× Matra rocket pods with 18× SNEB 68
mm rockets each
•Bombs: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) of payload on four
external hardpoints, including a variety of bombs or
Drop tanks
Dassault Mystère IVA
SOLO

58
The IDF/AF purchased three models of the Mirage III:
70 Mirage IIICJ single-seat fighters, received between April 1962 and July 1964.
Two Mirage IIIRJ single-seat photo-reconnaissance aircraft, received in March
1964.
Four Mirage IIIBJ two-seat combat trainers, three received in 1966 and one in
1968.
The Israeli AF Mirage III fleet went through several modifications during their
service life.
Over the demilitarized zone on the Israeli side of the border with Syria, a total of
six MiGs were shot down the first day Mirages fought the MiGs. In the Six-Day
War, except for 12 Mirages (four in the air and eight on the ground), left behind
to guard Israel from Arab bombers, all the Mirages were fitted with bombs, and
sent to attack the Arab air bases. However the Mirage's performance as a bomber
was limited. During the following days Mirages performed as fighters, and out of
a total of 58 Arab planes shot down in air combat during the war, 48 were
accounted for by Mirages.
Six Days War 1967 Air Combat
Totals by waves
• First wave (7:45am): 101 flights; 11 airfields were attacked by 183 IAF aircraft; 197 Egyptian aircraft and
8 radar stations were destroyed. Five IAF pilots were killed and five more fell captive.
• Second wave (9:30am): 164 flights; 16 airfields were attacked; 107 Egyptian aircraft destroyed;
2 Syrian planes destroyed in dogfights
• Third Wave (12:15pm): 85 flights against Egypt, 48 against Jordan, 67 against Syria and one against
H-3 airbase in Iraq.
• Other waves (afternoon & evening): 2 more attacks against H-3; several additional attacks on
Egyptian airfields.
SOLO

59
Six Day War Movies
Dogfights Desert Aces – Part 1
Dogfight of the Middle East – Part 1
Israeli Air Force During Six Day War
Motty Hod about the Six Day War - 1967
A Historystartsnow
Production
Ran Ronen Mirage III vs Hawker Hunters, Nov 13 1966
Giora Romm Mirage III vs 3 MIG 21 + 2 MIG17
June 7 1967, 1st
Jet Ace
Ran Ronen Mirage III vs 2 MIG 19, June 5 1967
Iraki MIG 21 Landed in ISRAEL, Aug.16 1966
Operation Focus - 05 Jun 07 - Part 1
Operation Focus - 05 Jun 07 - Part 2
SOLO
I do not own any copyrights over those
videos. Credits for making this great series
belong to the History Channel and the
makers of the Dogfights series.

60
Number of aircraft destroyed by aircraft type
Combat aircraft
148 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 'Fishbeds' (104 from Egypt; 32 from Syria; 12 from Iraq)
29 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 'Farmers' (all from Egypt)
112 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 'Frescos' (94 from Egypt; 16 from Syria; 2 from Iraq)
14 Sukhoi Su-7 'Fitters' (all from Egypt)
27 Hawker Hunters (21 from Jordan; 5 from Iraq; 1 from Lebanon)
Bomber aircraft
31 Tupolev Tu-16 'Badgers' (30 from Egypt; 1 from Iraq)
31 Ilyushin Il-28 'Beagles' (27 from Egypt; 2 from Syria; 2 from Iraq)
Transport aircraft
32 Ilyushin Il-14 'Crates' (30 from Egypt; 2 from Syria)
8 Antonov An-12 'Cubs' (all from Egypt)
4 others (two Syrian C-27 medium transports; and two C-27's from Egypt)
Transport helicopters
10 Mil Mi-6 'Hooks' (8 from Egypt; 2 from Syria)
6 Mil Mi-4 'Hounds' (2 from Egypt; 4 from Syria)
Number of aircraft destroyed by country
• Egypt: 338 aircraft
• Syria: 61 aircraft
• Jordan: 29 aircraft
• Iraq: 23 aircraft
• Lebanon: 1 aircraft
• Israel lost 19 aircraft in the operation.
Six Days War 1967 Air Combat (continue)SOLO

61
Dassault Mirage III
The IIIE featured Thomson-CSF Cyrano II dual mode air / ground radar; a radar warning receiver
(RWR) system with the antennas mounted in the vertical tailplane; and an Atar 09C engine, with a
petal-style variable exhaust.
•Crew: 1
•Length: 15.03 m (49 ft 3½ in)
•Wingspan: 8.22 m (26 ft 11⅝ in)
•Height: 4.50 m (14 ft 9 in)
•Wing area: 34.85 m² (375 ft²)
•Powerplant: 1 × SNECMA Atar 09C turbojet
•Dry thrust: 41.97 kN (9,436 lbf)
•Thrust with afterburner: 60.80 kN (13,668 lbf)
Performance
•Maximum speed: Mach 2.2 (2,350 km/h, 1,268
knots, 1,460 mph) at 12,000 m (39,370 ft)
•Combat radius: 1,200 km (647 nmi, 746 mi)
•Ferry range: 4,000 km (2,152 nmi, 2,486 mi)
•Rate of climb: 83 m/s+ (16,405 ft/min)
Armament
•Guns: 2× 30 mm (1.18 in) DEFA 552 cannons with 125
rounds per gun
•Rockets: 2× Matra JL-100 drop tank/rocket pack, each
with 19× SNEB 68 mm rockets and 66 US gallons (250
liters) of fuel
•Missiles: 2× AIM-9 Sidewinders OR Matra R550 Magics
plus 1× Matra R530,
•Bombs: 4,000 kg (8,800 lb) of payload on five external
hardpoints, including a variety of bombs, reconnaissance
pods or Drop tanks; French Air Force IIIEs through 1991,
equipped for AN-52 nuclear bomb.
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62
•Crew: 1
•Capacity: 4200kg
•Length: 15.65
•Wingspan: 8.22
•Height: 4.25m
•Wing area: 34.8
•Empty weight: 6,600kg
•Max. takeoff weight: 13,500kg
•Powerplant:1 × IAl Bedek-built SNECMA Atar 09C
turbojet
Performance
•Maximum speed: mach 2.1 (39,370ft)
•Range: 1,300km () 1186 with 4700 litres of auxiliary fuel
in drop tanks plus 2 Air to Air missiles and 2600 lb of
bombs
•Service ceiling: 17,680 (55,775ft)
•Rate of climb: 16,400ft/min
Armament
•up to 4200kg of disposable stores
•Shafrir II
IAI Nesher
Role Multi-role fighter aircraft
Manufacturer IAI
First flight 1971
Introduction 1972
Retired 1977 (Israel)
Status Active
Primary users Israeli Air Force (historical)
Argentine Air Force
Number built 61 (51+10)
Developed from Dassault Mirage 5
The Nesher was identical to the Mirage 5, except for
the use of some Israeli avionics, a Martin-Baker zero-
zero ejection seat, and provisions for a wider range of
AAMs (Air-to-Air Missiles), including the Israeli
Shafrir heat-seeking missile. Fifty-one Nesher fighters
(Nesher S) and ten Nesher two-seat trainers (Nesher T)
were built in all.
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63
•Crew: One
•Length: 15.65 m (51 ft 4¼ in)
•Wingspan: 8.22 m (26 ft 11½ in)
•Height: 4.55 m (14 ft 11¼ in)
•Wing area: 34.8 m² (374.6 sq ft)
•Loaded weight: 11,603 kg (25,580 lb) two 500 L drop
tanks, two AAMs
•Powerplant: 1 × General Electric J-79-J1E turbojet
(same as for F4 Phantom)
•Dry thrust: 52.9 kN (11,890 lb st)
•Thrust with afterburner: 79.62 kN (17,900 lb st)
Performance
•Maximum speed: 2,440 km/h (1,317 knots, 1,516 mph)
above 11,000 m (36,000 ft)
•Combat radius: 768 km (415 nmi, 477 mi) (ground
attack, hi-lo-hi profile, seven 500 lb bombs, two AAMs,
two 1,300 L drop tanks)
Armament
•Guns: 2× Rafael-built 30 mm (1.18 in) DEFA 553 cannons, 140
rounds/gun
•Rockets: assortment of unguided air-to-ground rockets including the
Matra JL-100 drop tank/rocket pack, each with 19× SNEB 68 mm
rockets and 66 US gallons (250 liters) of fuel
•Missiles: 2× AIM-9 Sidewinders or Shafrir or Python-series AAMs;
2× Shrike ARMs; 2× AGM-65 Maverick ASMs
•Bombs: 5,775 kg (12,730 lb) of payload on nine external hardpoints,
including bombs such as the Mark 80 series, Paveway series of LGBs,
Griffin LGBs, TAL-1 OR TAL-2 CBUs, BLU-107 Matra Durandal,
reconnaissance pods or Drop tanks
Role Fighter-bomber
National origin Israel
Manufacturer Israel Aircraft Industries
First flight June, 1973
Introduction 1976
Retired 1996 (Israeli Air Force)
Status Active
Primary users Israeli Air Force (historical)
United States Navy (historical)
Colombian Air Force
Sri Lanka Air Force
Number built 220+
Unit cost US$4.5 million
Developed from IAI Nesher
Variants IAI Nammer
The Israel Aircraft Industries Kfir (Hebrew: ‫,כפיר‬ "Lion Cub") is an
Israeli-built all-weather, multirole combat aircraft based on a
modified Dassault Mirage 5 airframe, with Israeli avionics and an
Israeli-made version of the General Electric J79 turbojet engine.
IAI Kfir, Movie
SOLO
IAI Kfir
I do not own any
copyrights over this
video.

64
Sukhoi Su-7
Role
Fighter-
bomber/Grou
nd-attack
Manufacturer Sukhoi OKB
First flight
7 September
1955
Introduction 1959
Retired
1986 (Soviet
Union)
Primary user
Soviet Air
Force
Produced 1957-1972
Number built
1,847 (mainly
Su-7B series)
Developed
into
Sukhoi Su-17
EGYPT: The Su-7 saw combat with Egypt in the 1967
Six Day War, the subsequent War of Attrition, and saw
use in the Yom Kippur War by the Egyptians to attack
Israeli ground forces.
Syrian Air Force - Shortly after the Six Day War,
Syria received 25 Su-7s. In the October War Syria
lost most of the aircraft supplied. After 1973, The
Soviet Union resupplied Syria with 35 more aircraft.
By the mid 1980s, the Su-7 had been transferred to
the reserves, and by the 1990s were decommissioned
General Characteristic
• Crew: One
• Length: 16.80 m (55 ft 1 in)
• Height: 4.99 m (16 ft 4 in)
• Wing area: 34 m² (366 ft²)
• Empty weight: 8937 kg (lb)
• Loaded weight: 13,570 kg (29,915)
• Powerplant: 1 × Lyulka AL-7F-1 afterburning turbojet
Dry thrust: 66.6 kN (14,980 lbf)
Thrust with afterburner: 94.1 kN (22,150 lbf)
*Fuel capacity: 3,220 kg (7,100 lb
Performance
•Maximum speed: 1,150 km/h (620 kn, 715 mph, Mach 0.94) at sea level;
2,150 km/h (1,160 kn, 1,335 mph) at high altitude
• Range: 1,650 km (890 nmi, 1,025 mi)
• Wing loading: 434.8 kg/m² (89.05 lb/ft²)
• Thrust/weigth: 0.71
• Takeoff roll: 950 m (3,120 ft)
• Landing roll: 700 m (2,300 ft)
Armament
• 2 × 30 mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-30 cannon, 80 rounds each
• Up to 2,000 kg (4,410 lb) on six hardpoints, typically including two
950 l or 600 l fuel tanks under the fuselage, and a combination of 250
kg (551 lb) or 500 kg (1,102 lb) bombs and 57-mm spin-stabilized
unguided rockets in UB-16-57U pods. One 8U69 5-kiloton nuclear
bomb could be carried on the left fuselage hardpoint. Some versions
could also carry two 600 l underwing drop tanks.
SOLO

65
Sukhoi Su-17/20/22
The Syrian Air Force used Su-20/22s to attack Israeli
forces in the Yom Kippur War and 1982 Lebanon Warr.
Several Su-20/22s were shot down by Israeli Air Force
• Crew: 1
• Length: 19.02 m (62 ft 5 in)
• Wingspan:
Spread: 13.68 m (44 ft 11 in)
Swept: 10.02 m (32 ft 10 in)
• Height: 5.12 m (16 ft 10 in)
• Wing area:
Spread: 38.5 m² (415 ft²)
Swept: 34.5 m² (370 ft²)
• Powerplant: 1 × Lyulka AL-21F-3 afterburning turbojet
Dry thrust: 76.4 kN (17,185 lbf)
Thrust with afterburner: 109.8 kN (24,675 lbf)
• Fuel capacity: 3,770 kg (8,310 lb)
Performance
• Maximum speed:
Sea level: 1,400 km/h (755 knots, 870 mph)
Altitude: 1,860 km/h (1,005 knots, 1,380 mph, Mach 2.0)
• Range:
Combat: 1,150 km (620 nm, 419 mi) in hi-lo-hi attack with
2,000 kg (4,409 lb) warload
Ferry: 2,300 km (1,240 nmi, 1,430 mi)
• Wing loading: 443 kg/m² (90.77 lb/ft²)
• Thrust/weight: 0.68
• G-force limit: 7
• Airframe lifespan: 2,000 flying hours, 20 years
Armament
• 2 × 30 mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-30 cannon, 80 rpg
• Two underwing launch rails for R-60 (AA-8 'Aphid') air-to-air
missiles for self-defense
• Up to 4000 kg (8,820 lb) on ten hardpoints (three under the fixed
portion of each wing, four on the fuselage sides), including free-fall
bombs, rocket pods, cluster bombs, SPPU-22-01 cannon pods with
traversable barrels, ECM pods, napalm tanks, and nuclear weapons.
Current aircraft compatible with Kh-23 (AS-7 'Kerry'), Kh-25 (AS-10
'Karen'), Kh-29 (AS-14 'Kedge'), and Kh-58 (AS-11 'Kilter') guided
missiles as well as electro-optical and laser-guided bombs.
Role Fighter-bomber
National origin Soviet Union
Manufacturer Sukhoi OKB
First flight August 2, 1966
Introduction 1970
Status limited service
Primary users
Russian Air
Force
Libyan Air
Force
Egyptian Air
Force
Polish Air Force
Number built 2,867
Developed from
Sukhoi Su-7
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66
•Crew: One
•Length: 11.26 m (36 ft 11½ in)
•Height: 3.80 m (12 ft 5½ in)
•Wing area: 22.6 m² (243.3 ft²)
•Empty weight: 3,919 kg[31] (8,640 lb)
•Powerplant: 1 × Klimov VK-1F afterburning turbojet
Performance
•Maximum speed: 1,145 km/h (618 knots, 711 mph) at
3,000 m (10,000 ft)
•Range: 2,060 km (1,111 nmi, 1,280 mi) with drop tanks
Armament
•1x 37 mm Nudelman N-37 cannon (40 rounds total)
•2x 23 mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 cannons (80 rounds
per gun, 160 rounds total)
•Up to 500 kg (1,100 lb) of external stores on two pylons,
including 100 kg (220 lb) and 250 kg (550 lb) bombs,
unguided rockets or external fuel tanks.
•(some versions equipped with 3x NR-23 cannons and 2x
AA-2 Atoll missiles)
Role Fighter aircraft
National origin Soviet Union
Manufacturer
Mikoyan-
Gurevich
First flight 14 January 1950
Introduction October 1952
Status
Active with North
Korea airforce
and Pakistan air
force
Primary users
Soviet Air Force
PLA Air Force
Polish Air Force
Vietnam People's
Air Force
Number built 10,603
Developed from
Mikoyan-
Gurevich MiG-15
Variants
PZL-Mielec Lim-
6
Shenyang J-
MiG-17s were sold and/or imported to many Middle Eastern
countries and saw action in nearly all of the Arab-Israeli
conflicts starting when 12 of them served with the Egyptian
Air Force during the Suez Crisis of 1956, plus hundreds more
served, and were mostly destroyed, in the Egyptian and Syrian
Air Forces during the Six-Day War of 1967 as well as the War
of Attrition, the 1973 Yom Kippur War, and the 1982 Israeli
Invasion of Lebanon
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67
• Crew: One
• Length: 12.54 m (41 ft)
• Height: 3.9 m (12 ft 10 in)
• Wing area: 25.0 m² (270 ft²)
• Max. takeoff weight: 7,560 kg
(16,632 lb)
• Powerplant: 2 × Tumansky RD-9B
afterburning turbojets, 31.9 kN (7,178
lbf) each
Armament
• Guns: 3x 30 mm NR-30 cannons (75 rounds
per gun for wing guns, 55 rounds for the
fuselage gun)
• Hardpoints: 4 underwing pylons and
provisions to carry combinations of:
• Rockets: unguided rockets
• Missiles: 4 Vympel K-13 AAMs
• Bombs: Up to 250 kg (550 lb) of bombs
Role Fighter
Manufacturer
Mikoyan-
Gurevich OKB
First flight
18 September
1953
Introduction March 1955
Status retired
Primary users
Soviet Air
Force
People's
Liberation
Army Air Force
Number built
2,172 (excluding
production in
China)
Variants
Shenyang J-6
Nanchang Q-5
The first reported air combat in the Mideast with the MiG-19 was on
29 November 1966, when two Egyptian MiG-19 fighters battled
Israeli Mirage IIICs. The Israelis claimed two kills and no losses.
Around 80 MiG-19s were in service with Egypt during the Six-Day
War in 1967, but more than half were destroyed on the ground
during the opening Israeli airstrikes of Operation Focus. Israeli
pilots, however, did find the MiG-19 a potentially dangerous
adversary because of its performance, maneuverability, and heavy
armament.
Following the war, the Egyptians organized the surviving MiG-19
aircraft and assigned them air defense tasks of Egypt's interior. The
Soviet Union did not supply Egypt with any replacement of the MiG-
19s destroyed in the Six Day War, but Egypt might have received
some from Syria and Iraq, so that by the end of 1968 there were 80+
MiG-19s in service with the Egyptian Air Force (EAF). The aircraft
also saw combat during the War of Attrition; in one engagement on
19 May 1969, a MiG-19 aircraft engaged two Israeli Mirages,
shooting down one with cannon fire while the other escaped.[8]
Egypt
had around 60 Mig-19s in service during the Yom Kippur War of
1973 in which they served as close support aircraft.
Performance
•Maximum speed: 1,455 km/h (909 mph)
•Range: 1,390 km (860 mi) 2,200 km with
external tanks
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68
•Crew: 1
•Length: 15.76[54] m (51 ft 8.47 in)
•Wingspan: 7.154 m (23 ft 5.66 in)
•Height: 4.1 m (13 ft 5.41 in)
•Wing area: 23.0 m2 (247.3 ft2)
•Gross weight: 7,100 kg (15,650 lb)
•Powerplant: 1 × Tumansky R11F-300, 37.27 kN
(8,380 lbf) thrust dry, 56.27 kN (12,650 lbf) with
afterburner each
Performance
•Maximum speed: 2,125 km/h (1,385 mph)
•Maximum speed: Mach 2.05
•Range: 1,580 km (981 miles)
•Service ceiling: 19,000 m (62,335 ft) Armament
•1x internal 30 mm NR-30 cannon, plus
•2x K-13 or K-13A (R-3S) AAM or
•2x 500 kg (1,102 lb) of bombs
Role Fighter
Manufacturer Mikoyan-Gurevich OKB
Designer Artem Mikoyan
First flight 14 February 1955 (Ye-2)
Introduction 1959 (MiG-21F)
Retired 1990s (Russia)
Status In active service (see list)
Primary users
Soviet Air Force
Polish Air Force
Indian Air Force
Romanian Air Force
Produced
1959 (MiG-21F) to 1985
(MiG-21bis)
Number built
11,496[1]
(10,645 produced in the
USSR, 194 in
Czechoslovakia, 657 in
India)
Variants Chengdu J-7
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69
Role Fighter
Manufacturer
Mikoyan-Gurevich
OKB
Designer Artem Mikoyan
First flight
14 February 1955
(Ye-2)
Introduction 1959 (MiG-21F)
Retired 1990s (Russia)
Status
In active service (see
list)
Primary users
Soviet Air Force
Polish Air Force
Indian Air Force
Romanian Air Force
Produced
1959 (MiG-21F) to
1985 (MiG-21bis)
Number built
11,496[1]
(10,645 produced in
the USSR, 194 in
Czechoslovakia, 657 in
India)
Variants Chengdu J-7
Egyptian-Syrian-Israeli conflicts
The MiG-21 was also used extensively in the Middle East conflicts of the 1960s,
1970s and 1980s by the air forces of Egypt, Syria and Iraq. The MiG-21 first
encountered Israeli Mirage IIICs on 14 November 1964, but it was not until 14
July 1966 that the first MiG-21 was shot down. Another six Syrian MiG-21s were
shot down by Israeli Mirages on 7 April 1967. The MiG-21 would also face F-4
Phantom IIs and A-4 Skyhawks, but was later outclassed by the more modern
McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle and F-16 Fighting Falcon, which were acquired
by Israel beginning in the mid-1970s.
During the opening attacks of the 1967 Six Day War, the Israeli Air Force struck
Arab air forces in four attack waves. In the first wave, IDF aircraft claimed to have
destroyed eight Egyptian aircraft in air-to-air combat, of which seven were MiG-
21s; Egypt claims 10 Israeli aircraft destroyed, four or five of which were scored by
MiG-21PFs. During the second wave the Israelis claimed four MiG-21s downed in
air-to-air combat, and the third wave resulted in two Syrian and one Iraqi MiG-21s
claimed destroyed in the air. The fourth wave destroyed some more Syrian MiG-21s
on the ground. Overall, the Egyptians lost around 100 out of about 110 MiG-21s
they had, almost all on the ground; the Syrians lost 35 of 60 MiG-21F-13s and
MiG-21PFs in the air and on the ground
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70
Egyptian-Syrian-Israeli conflicts
Between the end of the Six Day War and the start of the War of Attrition, IDF Mirage fighters had six confirmed kills of Egyptian MiG-
21s, in exchange for Egyptian MiG-21s scoring two confirmed and three probable kills against Israeli aircraft. During the War of
Attrition itself, the Israelis claimed 56 confirmed kills against Egyptian MiG-21s, while Egyptian MiG-21s claimed 14 confirmed and 12
probable kills against IDF aircraft. During this same time period, from the end of the Six Day War to the end of the War of Attrition, the
Israelis claimed a total of 25 Syrian MiG-21s destroyed; the Syrians claimed three confirmed and four probable kills of Israel aircraft.[1]
High losses to Egyptian aircraft and continuous bombing during the War of Attrition caused the Egyptians to ask the Soviet Union for
help. In June 1970, Soviet pilots and SAM crews arrived with their equipment. On 22 June 1970, a Soviet pilot flying a MiG-21MF shot
down an Israeli A-4E. After some more successful intercepts by Soviet pilots and another Israeli A-4 being shot down on 25 July, the
Israelis decided to plan an ambush in response. On 30 July Israeli F-4s lured Soviet MiG-21s into an area where they were ambushed by
Mirages. Asher Snir, flying a Mirage IIICJ, destroyed a Soviet MiG-21; Avihu Ben-Nun and Aviam Sela, both piloting F-4Es, each got a
kill, and an unidentified pilot in another Mirage scored the fourth kill against the Soviet-flown MiG-21s. Three Soviet pilots were killed
and the Soviets were alarmed by the losses. However, Soviet MiG-21 pilots and SAM crews destroyed a total of 21 Israeli aircraft, which
helped to convince the Israelis to sign a ceasefire agreement.[1]
In September 1973 a large air battle erupted between the Syrians and the Israelis; the Israelis claimed a total of 12 Syrian MiG-21s
destroyed, while the Syrians claimed eight kills scored by MiG-21s and admitted five losses.
During the Yom Kippur War, the Israelis claimed a total of 73 kills of Egyptian MiG-21s. Egypt claimed 27 kills of Israeli aircraft by its
MiG-21s, plus eight probables.[1]
However, according to most reliable sources, these were exaggerated claims as Israeli air-to-air combat
losses for the entire war did not exceed five to eight.
On the Syrian front of the war, 6 October 1973 saw a flight of Syrian MiG-21MFs shoot down an IDF A-4E and a Mirage IIICJ while
losing three of their own to Israeli IAI Neshers. On 7 October, Syrian MiG-21MFs downed two Israeli F-4Es, three Mirage IIICJs and
an A-4E while losing two of their MiGs to Neshers and one to an F-4E, plus two to friendly SAM fire. Iraqi MiG-21PFs also operated on
this front, and on that same day destroyed two A-4Es while losing one MiG. On 8 October 1973 Syrian MiG-21PFMs downed three F-
4Es, but six of their MiG-21s were lost. By the end of the war, Syrian MiG-21s claimed a total of 30 confirmed kills against Israeli
aircraft; 29 MiG-21s were claimed as destroyed by the IDF.[1]
Between the end of the Yom Kippur War and the start of the 1982 Lebanon War, the Israelis had received modern F-15s and F-16s,
which were far superior to the old Syrian MiG-21MFs. According to the IDF, these new planes accounted for the destruction of 24
Syrian MiG-21s over this time period, though the Syrians did claim five kills against IDF aircraft with their MiG-21s armed with
outdated K-13 missiles.[1]
The 1982 Lebanon War started on 6 June 1982, and in the course of that war the IDF claimed to have destroyed about 45 Syrian MiG-
21MFs. The Syrians claimed two confirmed and 15 probable kills of Israeli aircraft.[1]
This air battle was the largest to occur since the
Korean War.
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71
Hawker Hunter
• Crew: One
• Length: 45 ft 11 in (14.00 m)
• Height: 13 ft 2 in (4.01 m)
• Wing area: 349 ft² (32.42 m²)
• Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Avon 207
turbojet, 10,145 lbf (45.13 kN)
Performance
• Maximum speed: Mach 0.94, 620 kn (715 mph,
1,150 km/h) at sea level
• Combat range: 385 nmi (445 mi, 715 km)
• Ferry range: 1,650 nmi (1,900 mi, 3,060 km) with
external fuel
• Wing loading: 51.6 lb/ft² (251.9 kg/m²)
Armament
• Guns: 4× 30 mm (1.18 in) ADEN revolver cannons in a removable
gun pack with 150 rpg
• Hardpoints: 4 underwing (7 hardpoints on Singaporean
FGA/FR.74S, essentially refurbished FGA.9 derived from F.6[67]
)
with a capacity of 7,400 lb (3,400 kg) and provisions to carry
combinations of:
Rockets:
4× Matra rocket pods (each with 18 × SNEB 68 mm
(2.68 in) rockets) or
32× Hispano SURA R80 80 mm (3.15 in) rockets
Missiles:
4× AIM-9 Sidewinder Air-to-air missiles, mounted on
Singaporean FGA/FR.74S (two on Swiss Mk.58 and
Swedish Mk.50)
4× AGM-65 Maverick Air-to-surface missiles, mounted
on Singaporean FGA/FR.74S (two on Swiss Mk.58)
Bombs: a variety of unguided iron bombs
Other: 2× 230 US gallons (870 l; 190 imp gal) drop tanks for
extended range/loitering time
The Hawker Hunter is a subsonic British jet aircraft developed in the 1950s. The single-seat Hunter
entered service as a manoeuvrable fighter aircraft, and later operated in fighter-bomber and
reconnaissance roles in numerous conflicts. Two-seat variants remained in use for training and
secondary roles with the Royal Air Force (RAF) and Royal Navy until the early 1990s. The Hunter was
also widely exported, serving with 21 other air forces; 50 years after its original introduction it is still in
active service, operating with the Lebanese Air Force
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72
History of Air-to-Air Combat in Missile Age
• Vietnam War (1969 - 1975)
• Attrition War (1969 - 70), Israel claimed 111 victories against 4
• Yom Kipur War (1973) - 334 Israeli victories (about 100 by Shafrir 2)
• Falkland War - Harrier with AIM-9L scored 15 victories against Argentine fighters
• First Lebanon War (1982) - Israel scored around 100 victories (35 by Python 3,
8 by AIM 7, the rest by AIM-9L) against 0 by Syria’s Air Force.
• Operation Desert Storm (1991) around 32 coalition victories (24 by AIM-7,
6 by AIM-9L, 2 by Guns)
UNCLASSIFIEDSOLO

73
During the Vietnam war, the limitations of strategic bombing were becoming very apparent, but the use of air
strikes to provide battle field support had proved to be of value. Despite the many aerial engagements during the
Korean war, the U.S. continued with its emphasis on long-range fighter/bombers, such as the F-105 Thunderchief,
a plane known for its high speed, but lack of maneuverability. Believing that long-range radar interception and
guided air-to-air missiles would render dogfighting obsolete, the U.S. equipped their top fighter, the F-4 Phantom,
with missiles only, leaving out the guns that were necessary for in-close combat. However, the U.S. rules of
engagement required visual identification of enemy targets, which usually ensured that in-close combat would
occur.[32]
Being designed as a long-range fighter/bomber, the F-4 was very heavy, and far less maneuverable than the lighter
MiG-17s and MiG-21s that were used by the North Vietnamese. The missiles used by the U.S. were not very
effective against the small, fast, and highly maneuverable MiGs. Heat seeking missiles, like the AIM-4 Falcon and
the AIM-9 Sidewinder, and radar guided missiles, like the AIM-7 Sparrow, were originally designed to target the
slower moving Russian-made bombers. The Sparrow had difficulty tracking the small radar signature of the MiGs.
The Sidewinder could easily be out-maneuvered by the Russian built fighters, while the Falcon's lack of a
proximity trigger required a direct hit, making it practically useless. The most reliable of the missiles, the
Sidewinder, only scored one hit out of every seven that were fired, and, quite often, engagements occurred too close
for a missile to be used.[32]
Learning from the mistakes in Vietnam, the U.S. was forced to confront the problems with their tactics and
designs. John R. Boyd, a fighter pilot from the Korean war, began to examine the performance characteristics of
aircraft, noting that the U.S. aircraft designers emphasized speed, range, and the ability to make a tight turn. Boyd
recalled from the Korean war that, while the F-86 could not out-run or out-turn the MiG-15s, its better
performance came from its ability to quickly switch from one maneuver to another, or from its "agility," allowing
it to defeat the Russian planes. In 1960, Boyd devised special theory for determining an aircraft's agility based on
its energy-to-weight ratio. Boyd's Energy-Maneuverability theory described in scientific terms how an aircraft will
perform as a function of speed (kinetic energy) and altitude (potential energy), resulting in the modern energy-
management diagram. Boyd's work helped pave the way for the design of modern fighter planes, starting with the
Vietnam War (1965 – 1975)
F-105 F-4 PhantomMiG-17
MiG-21
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74
Vietnam War Movies
Dogfights, Gun Kills Of Vietnam, Part 1
Dogfights, F4 Phantom II
Dogfights, The Bloodiest Day Of Vietnam , Part 1
Dogfights, The Bloodiest Day Of Vietnam, Part 2
SOLO
A Historystartsnow
Production
I do not own any copyrights over those
videos. Credits for making this great series
belong to the History Channel and the
makers of the Dogfights series.

75
Republic F-105 Thunderchief
The Republic F-105 Thunderchief, was a supersonic fighter-bomber used
by the United States Air Force. The Mach 2 capable F-105 conducted the
majority of strike bombing missions during the early years of the Vietnam
War; it has the dubious distinction of being the only US aircraft to have
been removed from combat due to high loss rates
• Crew: 1 (2 for F-105C/E/F/G variants)
• Payload: 14,000 lb (6,700 kg) of weapons
• Length: 64 ft 4.75 in (19.63 m)
• Wingspan: 34 ft 11.25 in (10.65 m)
• Height: 19 ft 8 in (5.99 m)
• Wing area: 385 ft² (35.76 m²)
• Airfoil: NACA 65A005.5 root, NACA 65A003.7 tip
• Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney J75-P-19W afterburning turbojet
Dry thrust: 14,300 Ibf (63,74kN)
Thrust with afterburner: 24,500 Ibf (109 kN)
• Zero Lift Drag Coefficient: 0.0173
• Drag area: 6.65 ft² (0.62 m²)
• Aspect ratio: 3.16
Performance
• Maximum speed: Mach 2.08 (1,372 mph, 2,208 km/h) at 36,000 ft (11,000 m)
• Combat radius: 780 mi (680 nmi, 1,250 km)
• Ferry range: 2,210 mi (1,920 nmi, 3,550 km)
• Rate of climb: 38,500 ft/min (195 m/s)
• Wing loading: 93 lb/ft² (452 kg/m²)
Lift-to-drag ratio: 10.4
•Time to altitude: 1.7 min to 35,000 ft (11,000 m)
Armament
• Guns: 1x 20 mm (0.787 in) M61 Vulcan 6-
barreled gatling cannon, 1,028 rounds
• Hardpoints: 5 total: 4× under-wing, 1× centerline
pylon stations plus an internal bomb bay with a
capacity of Up to 14,000 lb (6,400 kg) of ordnance,
including conventional and nuclear bombs, and
AIM-9 Sidewinder and AGM-12 Bullpup missiles.
Avionics
• NASARR R-14A radar
• AN/ASG-19 Thunderstick fire control system
• AN/ARN-85 LORAN (AN/ARN-92 in
Thunderstick II-modified aircraft)
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7 air-to-air combat

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