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Microsoft power point kesetimbangan
a. Kc = [PCl3][Cl2]/[PCl5]
b. Kc = [CaO][CO2]/[CaCO3]
c. Kc = [NH4Cl]
d. Kc = [Cl2]3[CS2]/[CCl4][S2Cl2]
e. Kc = [Ag+]2/[Ag2CrO4]
Partikel tuhan higgsboson1
This document discusses the search for the Higgs boson particle at particle colliders. It begins by outlining some open questions in particle physics that discovering the Higgs boson could help answer, such as explaining how fundamental particles acquire mass. It then describes how the Higgs field is hypothesized to break electroweak symmetry and give rise to the masses of the W and Z bosons. Researchers search for the Higgs boson by looking for decay patterns of its hypothesized decays into other particles like bottom quark pairs or photon pairs. Recent results provide constraints on the possible mass range of the Higgs boson but more data is needed to discover it. The Large Hadron Collider will collide protons at higher energy and luminosity to help find the Higgs
Ionic bonding
Ionic bonds form when a metal transfers an electron to a nonmetal, giving each atom an octet of electrons. For example, sodium loses an electron to form Na+ while chlorine gains that electron to form Cl-. The resulting ions are held together by electrostatic attraction to form an ionic compound, sodium chloride (NaCl). NaCl forms a crystalline lattice structure where the Na+ and Cl- ions are arranged in a repeating pattern. Ionic compounds have properties like high melting points, conductivity when molten or dissolved, and solubility in water.
Iktn
Dokumen tersebut berisi 20 soal uraian tentang konsep-konsep dasar kimia seperti kaidah oktet, ikatan ionik, kovalen, dan elektron valensi. Soal-soal tersebut mencakup penjelasan tentang konfigurasi elektron unsur kimia, jenis ikatan yang terbentuk, dan rumus senyawa hasil ikatan antar unsur kimia.
Transition metalbonding
This document discusses transition metal chemistry, specifically coordination compounds containing transition metals. It covers several key topics:
1. Thermodynamic concepts like stability constants that describe the equilibrium between metal ions and ligands in coordination complexes.
2. Factors that influence complex stability such as the chelate effect where polydentate ligands form more stable complexes than monodentate ligands.
3. Electronic structure models used to describe transition metal complexes, including crystal field theory and ligand field theory.
4. Spectrochemical series that ranks ligands based on the ligand field splitting they cause. Heavier π-donor ligands do not always follow the series trends in complex stability.
Empfohlen
Microsoft power point kesetimbangan
a. Kc = [PCl3][Cl2]/[PCl5]
b. Kc = [CaO][CO2]/[CaCO3]
c. Kc = [NH4Cl]
d. Kc = [Cl2]3[CS2]/[CCl4][S2Cl2]
e. Kc = [Ag+]2/[Ag2CrO4]
Partikel tuhan higgsboson1
This document discusses the search for the Higgs boson particle at particle colliders. It begins by outlining some open questions in particle physics that discovering the Higgs boson could help answer, such as explaining how fundamental particles acquire mass. It then describes how the Higgs field is hypothesized to break electroweak symmetry and give rise to the masses of the W and Z bosons. Researchers search for the Higgs boson by looking for decay patterns of its hypothesized decays into other particles like bottom quark pairs or photon pairs. Recent results provide constraints on the possible mass range of the Higgs boson but more data is needed to discover it. The Large Hadron Collider will collide protons at higher energy and luminosity to help find the Higgs
Ionic bonding
Ionic bonds form when a metal transfers an electron to a nonmetal, giving each atom an octet of electrons. For example, sodium loses an electron to form Na+ while chlorine gains that electron to form Cl-. The resulting ions are held together by electrostatic attraction to form an ionic compound, sodium chloride (NaCl). NaCl forms a crystalline lattice structure where the Na+ and Cl- ions are arranged in a repeating pattern. Ionic compounds have properties like high melting points, conductivity when molten or dissolved, and solubility in water.
Iktn
Dokumen tersebut berisi 20 soal uraian tentang konsep-konsep dasar kimia seperti kaidah oktet, ikatan ionik, kovalen, dan elektron valensi. Soal-soal tersebut mencakup penjelasan tentang konfigurasi elektron unsur kimia, jenis ikatan yang terbentuk, dan rumus senyawa hasil ikatan antar unsur kimia.
Transition metalbonding
This document discusses transition metal chemistry, specifically coordination compounds containing transition metals. It covers several key topics:
1. Thermodynamic concepts like stability constants that describe the equilibrium between metal ions and ligands in coordination complexes.
2. Factors that influence complex stability such as the chelate effect where polydentate ligands form more stable complexes than monodentate ligands.
3. Electronic structure models used to describe transition metal complexes, including crystal field theory and ligand field theory.
4. Spectrochemical series that ranks ligands based on the ligand field splitting they cause. Heavier π-donor ligands do not always follow the series trends in complex stability.
2. atomic structure
Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons surround the nucleus in orbitals. Over time, scientists such as Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr contributed to the developing atomic model. Bohr refined Rutherford's model by proposing that electrons exist in specific energy levels or orbits around the nucleus. Elements have unique atomic structures that are indicated by their atomic number and mass number.
Mata Kuliah Komputer & Media Pembelajaran S1 PGSD UT
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang komputer dan media pembelajaran. Terdapat informasi mengenai kontrak belajar, profil pengajar, peta konsep mata kuliah, perkembangan pemanfaatan media dalam pembelajaran, fungsi media dalam pembelajaran, dan berbagai jenis media seperti media display, media realita, lingkungan sebagai media, serta pendekatan ASSURE dalam pemilihan media.
Chapter 24
This document discusses coordination chemistry and transition metals. It begins by explaining why transition metals are important to study, as they are found in nature and have many applications. It then discusses the electronic configurations of transition metals and how they can exist in multiple oxidation states. The focus is on coordination complexes formed when transition metals act as Lewis acids and bond to other ligands. Different types of ligands are described along with common coordination geometries. Rules for naming coordination compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature are also provided.
Coordination chemistry i
This document discusses coordination compounds and their structures and isomers. It covers Werner's coordination chemistry theories, ligand types including chelating ligands, nomenclature of coordination compounds, and isomerism including geometric and chiral isomers. It also discusses factors that determine coordination numbers and common coordination number structures.
Crystal field theory11 21
The document discusses several theories for how transition metals form complexes and interact with ligands, including crystal field theory, molecular orbital theory, and density functional theory. It recommends first looking at crystal field theory, as described in chapters 11 of Huheey and chapter 7 of Carter. Crystal field theory models the electronic effects of ligands on a metal atom by considering the electrostatic interactions between ligand point charges and the metal's d-orbitals. This splitting of d-orbital energies depends on the symmetry of the ligand field. An octahedral field splits the five d-orbitals into a lower-energy t2g set and higher-energy eg set.
Uv vis spektra senyawa kompleks2 penting
This document discusses electronic transitions in metal complexes that give rise to UV-Vis spectra. It introduces concepts like Russell-Saunders coupling, spin multiplicity, Hund's rules, and the Tanabe-Sugano diagram to explain the electronic terms and transitions for complexes. Selection rules like the Laporte and spin rules are also covered, as well as how charge transfer transitions between the metal and ligand can produce more intense bands in the spectra. Determining the ligand field splitting parameter Δo from observed transition energies is also summarized.
Reaksi anorg 3
Mekanisme reaksi hidrolisis ligan 1,2-bis(2-piridil)etandion menjadi asam pikolinat dan ion pikolinat melalui tahapan adisi nukleofilik metanol dan air, pemutusan ikatan rangkap, reaksi transfer proton, eliminasi, esterifikasi, dan keseimbangan antara asam pikolinat dan ion pikolinat dalam larutan.
Rx anorg 1
Reaksi redoks antara Cr(III) dan Mn(II) dalam kompleks anorganik. Transfer elektron terjadi melalui reaksi inner sphere antara ligan oksalat dan pikolin pada Cr dan Mn. Hal ini menghasilkan produk substitusi Cr(II) dan Mn(III).
Solution concentration
This document discusses different methods of calculating solution concentration:
1) Grams per liter is the ratio of the mass of solute to the volume of solution in liters.
2) Molarity is the ratio of moles of solute to liters of solution.
3) Mass percent is the ratio of the mass of solute to the total mass of solution expressed as a percentage.
4) Parts per million is the ratio of the mass of solute to the total mass of solution multiplied by one million.
Equilibrium
The document discusses chemical equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle. It explains that chemical equilibrium occurs when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, and the concentrations of reactants and products remain unchanged. Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system at equilibrium experiences a change in concentration, temperature, or pressure, the equilibrium will shift to counteract the applied stress. The document provides examples of how changing temperature, concentration, or pressure would cause the equilibrium of a reaction to shift left or right.
Reaction types
There are several types of chemical reactions:
1) Combination reactions involve two or more substances combining to form a new compound such as reactions of elements with oxygen or metals with halogens.
2) Decomposition reactions involve a single compound breaking down into simpler substances like the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases.
3) Single replacement reactions involve a reaction where one element replaces another in a compound such as a metal replacing hydrogen in an acid.
4) Double replacement reactions involve the ions of two compounds exchanging places to form two new compounds, often with a precipitate forming.
P h calculations
This document discusses the pH scale and calculations involving pH. It explains that water undergoes self-ionization into hydronium and hydroxide ions. The ionization constant, Kw, is defined as the product of the hydronium and hydroxide concentrations. The document also describes how to calculate pH, pOH, and concentrations from these values, noting that pH + pOH always equals 14 at 25 degrees Celsius.
Thermochemical calcs
- Energy is released when a material condenses or freezes and absorbed when a material evaporates or melts
- Calculations can be done involving heat flow and temperature changes using specific heat and latent heat of phase change
- The joule is the SI unit for measuring heat, while the calorie measures the heat to raise 1g of water by 1°C
Nuclear chemistry
Nuclear chemistry documents the three main types of radioactive decay - alpha, beta, and gamma - and how the nucleus changes in each. It also explains that alpha, beta, and gamma radiation produce different levels of tissue damage and penetration. Naturally occurring and artificially produced isotopes can be radioactive. Nuclear fission and fusion reactions release much more energy per gram than chemical reactions, with a small but significant mass change accounted for by Einstein's equation relating energy and mass.
Vsepr
The VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) model predicts molecular geometry based on minimizing electron pair repulsions around a central atom. It involves drawing Lewis structures, placing electron pairs as far apart as possible, determining atom positions based on electron pair sharing, and identifying the molecular structure based on atom positions. The model defines steric numbers 1 through 7 based on the number of atoms or lone pairs bonded to the central atom, and predicts basic molecular geometries associated with each steric number and arrangement of lone pairs.
Metallic bonding
Metallic bonding results from the attraction between metal cations and delocalized electrons in the "sea" of electrons. This allows electrons to move freely throughout the metal and form metallic bonds between atoms. Metallic bonding gives metals properties like high melting points, conductivity of heat and electricity, and malleability.
Biochemistry
This document provides an overview of key biomolecules including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It describes the basic structures and subunits that make up these molecules. Carbohydrates are made up of simple sugars like glucose and complex chains like starches. Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Fats are triglycerides composed of a glycerol backbone bonded to three fatty acids, which can be saturated, mono-unsaturated, or poly-unsaturated depending on the number of double bonds in the fatty acid chains.
Chapter 4 atomic structure
The document outlines key concepts in atomic structure including Democritus and Dalton's early atomic theories, the discovery of subatomic particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons, and how Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the development of the nuclear model of the atom with a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons. It also discusses how atoms of the same element can differ in the number of neutrons to form isotopes, and how atomic number and mass are used to identify and characterize different atoms and isotopes.
Weitere ähnliche Inhalte
Mehr von Mahbub Alwathoni
2. atomic structure
Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons surround the nucleus in orbitals. Over time, scientists such as Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr contributed to the developing atomic model. Bohr refined Rutherford's model by proposing that electrons exist in specific energy levels or orbits around the nucleus. Elements have unique atomic structures that are indicated by their atomic number and mass number.
Mata Kuliah Komputer & Media Pembelajaran S1 PGSD UT
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang komputer dan media pembelajaran. Terdapat informasi mengenai kontrak belajar, profil pengajar, peta konsep mata kuliah, perkembangan pemanfaatan media dalam pembelajaran, fungsi media dalam pembelajaran, dan berbagai jenis media seperti media display, media realita, lingkungan sebagai media, serta pendekatan ASSURE dalam pemilihan media.
Chapter 24
This document discusses coordination chemistry and transition metals. It begins by explaining why transition metals are important to study, as they are found in nature and have many applications. It then discusses the electronic configurations of transition metals and how they can exist in multiple oxidation states. The focus is on coordination complexes formed when transition metals act as Lewis acids and bond to other ligands. Different types of ligands are described along with common coordination geometries. Rules for naming coordination compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature are also provided.
Coordination chemistry i
This document discusses coordination compounds and their structures and isomers. It covers Werner's coordination chemistry theories, ligand types including chelating ligands, nomenclature of coordination compounds, and isomerism including geometric and chiral isomers. It also discusses factors that determine coordination numbers and common coordination number structures.
Crystal field theory11 21
The document discusses several theories for how transition metals form complexes and interact with ligands, including crystal field theory, molecular orbital theory, and density functional theory. It recommends first looking at crystal field theory, as described in chapters 11 of Huheey and chapter 7 of Carter. Crystal field theory models the electronic effects of ligands on a metal atom by considering the electrostatic interactions between ligand point charges and the metal's d-orbitals. This splitting of d-orbital energies depends on the symmetry of the ligand field. An octahedral field splits the five d-orbitals into a lower-energy t2g set and higher-energy eg set.
Uv vis spektra senyawa kompleks2 penting
This document discusses electronic transitions in metal complexes that give rise to UV-Vis spectra. It introduces concepts like Russell-Saunders coupling, spin multiplicity, Hund's rules, and the Tanabe-Sugano diagram to explain the electronic terms and transitions for complexes. Selection rules like the Laporte and spin rules are also covered, as well as how charge transfer transitions between the metal and ligand can produce more intense bands in the spectra. Determining the ligand field splitting parameter Δo from observed transition energies is also summarized.
Reaksi anorg 3
Mekanisme reaksi hidrolisis ligan 1,2-bis(2-piridil)etandion menjadi asam pikolinat dan ion pikolinat melalui tahapan adisi nukleofilik metanol dan air, pemutusan ikatan rangkap, reaksi transfer proton, eliminasi, esterifikasi, dan keseimbangan antara asam pikolinat dan ion pikolinat dalam larutan.
Rx anorg 1
Reaksi redoks antara Cr(III) dan Mn(II) dalam kompleks anorganik. Transfer elektron terjadi melalui reaksi inner sphere antara ligan oksalat dan pikolin pada Cr dan Mn. Hal ini menghasilkan produk substitusi Cr(II) dan Mn(III).
Solution concentration
This document discusses different methods of calculating solution concentration:
1) Grams per liter is the ratio of the mass of solute to the volume of solution in liters.
2) Molarity is the ratio of moles of solute to liters of solution.
3) Mass percent is the ratio of the mass of solute to the total mass of solution expressed as a percentage.
4) Parts per million is the ratio of the mass of solute to the total mass of solution multiplied by one million.
Equilibrium
The document discusses chemical equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle. It explains that chemical equilibrium occurs when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, and the concentrations of reactants and products remain unchanged. Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system at equilibrium experiences a change in concentration, temperature, or pressure, the equilibrium will shift to counteract the applied stress. The document provides examples of how changing temperature, concentration, or pressure would cause the equilibrium of a reaction to shift left or right.
Reaction types
There are several types of chemical reactions:
1) Combination reactions involve two or more substances combining to form a new compound such as reactions of elements with oxygen or metals with halogens.
2) Decomposition reactions involve a single compound breaking down into simpler substances like the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases.
3) Single replacement reactions involve a reaction where one element replaces another in a compound such as a metal replacing hydrogen in an acid.
4) Double replacement reactions involve the ions of two compounds exchanging places to form two new compounds, often with a precipitate forming.
P h calculations
This document discusses the pH scale and calculations involving pH. It explains that water undergoes self-ionization into hydronium and hydroxide ions. The ionization constant, Kw, is defined as the product of the hydronium and hydroxide concentrations. The document also describes how to calculate pH, pOH, and concentrations from these values, noting that pH + pOH always equals 14 at 25 degrees Celsius.
Thermochemical calcs
- Energy is released when a material condenses or freezes and absorbed when a material evaporates or melts
- Calculations can be done involving heat flow and temperature changes using specific heat and latent heat of phase change
- The joule is the SI unit for measuring heat, while the calorie measures the heat to raise 1g of water by 1°C
Nuclear chemistry
Nuclear chemistry documents the three main types of radioactive decay - alpha, beta, and gamma - and how the nucleus changes in each. It also explains that alpha, beta, and gamma radiation produce different levels of tissue damage and penetration. Naturally occurring and artificially produced isotopes can be radioactive. Nuclear fission and fusion reactions release much more energy per gram than chemical reactions, with a small but significant mass change accounted for by Einstein's equation relating energy and mass.
Vsepr
The VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) model predicts molecular geometry based on minimizing electron pair repulsions around a central atom. It involves drawing Lewis structures, placing electron pairs as far apart as possible, determining atom positions based on electron pair sharing, and identifying the molecular structure based on atom positions. The model defines steric numbers 1 through 7 based on the number of atoms or lone pairs bonded to the central atom, and predicts basic molecular geometries associated with each steric number and arrangement of lone pairs.
Metallic bonding
Metallic bonding results from the attraction between metal cations and delocalized electrons in the "sea" of electrons. This allows electrons to move freely throughout the metal and form metallic bonds between atoms. Metallic bonding gives metals properties like high melting points, conductivity of heat and electricity, and malleability.
Biochemistry
This document provides an overview of key biomolecules including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It describes the basic structures and subunits that make up these molecules. Carbohydrates are made up of simple sugars like glucose and complex chains like starches. Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Fats are triglycerides composed of a glycerol backbone bonded to three fatty acids, which can be saturated, mono-unsaturated, or poly-unsaturated depending on the number of double bonds in the fatty acid chains.
Chapter 4 atomic structure
The document outlines key concepts in atomic structure including Democritus and Dalton's early atomic theories, the discovery of subatomic particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons, and how Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the development of the nuclear model of the atom with a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons. It also discusses how atoms of the same element can differ in the number of neutrons to form isotopes, and how atomic number and mass are used to identify and characterize different atoms and isotopes.
Mehr von Mahbub Alwathoni (20)
Mata Kuliah Komputer & Media Pembelajaran S1 PGSD UT
Mata Kuliah Komputer & Media Pembelajaran S1 PGSD UT