In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in C# .NET.
SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY ON...ijwscjournal
In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well
enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the
academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of
interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability
and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software
using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in
C# .NET.
WEB SERVICES COMPOSITION METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: A REVIEWijcseit
This document provides a review of existing approaches for web service composition. It begins with an introduction and background on key concepts related to web services and composition such as ontologies, semantic web architecture, semantic annotations, reasoners, matching, and quality of service. It then discusses current methods for web service composition, distinguishing between manual/static composition done at design time versus automatic/dynamic composition done at runtime. The document categorizes and compares different composition approaches and aims to help focus future research efforts.
This document provides an overview of current challenges in automatic planning for web service composition. It defines key concepts like web services, web service composition, and discusses the need for automated composition. The document also presents formal models and definitions for the web service composition problem and classifications. It explores automatic planning techniques used in papers surveyed, including OWL-S based composition and planning as a state transition system. The document concludes with a discussion of approaches to validate automated web service composition.
EXTENDING WS-CDL TO SUPPORT REUSABILITY ijwscjournal
This document discusses extending the WS-CDL (Web Service Choreography Description Language) specification to better support reusability of choreographies. The authors propose adding a new "Template" element to WS-CDL that would allow abstract choreographies to be defined independently and then reused by mapping their interfaces to specific instances in other choreographies. Currently, WS-CDL's "Perform" activity does not support parameterizing or injecting variables into performed sub-choreographies, limiting its reusability. The Template element is intended to address this by allowing abstract choreographies defined in templates to expose parameterized interfaces that can be customized when reused.
This document discusses web service composition, which involves combining existing web services to create new processes. It covers both syntactic composition methods like orchestration and choreography, as well as semantic composition using ontologies. Specific composition languages and standards discussed include BPEL, WS-CDL, OWL-S, and WSMO. The goal of semantic composition is to automate service discovery, invocation, and interoperation by describing services in a machine-understandable way.
The document provides an overview of web services and their components. It discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and how web services implement SOA. The key components of web services identified are XML-RPC, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. SOAP is an XML-based protocol for exchanging messages between computers. WSDL provides a standard way to describe web services. UDDI allows services to be published and discovered.
Performance of Web Services on Smart Phone PlatformsIOSR Journals
This document discusses and compares the performance of Web Services on smart phone platforms using SOAP and REST. It begins with an introduction to Web Services and the problems with using SOAP on mobile devices due to its limitations in processing power, bandwidth usage, and flexibility. It then proposes using RESTful Web Services as an alternative as they avoid XML parsing and are based on the lightweight HTTP protocol. The document analyzes the performance of SOAP versus REST Web Services on a mobile device to determine which is more efficient for smart phones.
This document presents an approach for composing semantic web services using agents in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). It proposes an ontology-based framework where JADE agents can link web services and agents to enable semantic web applications. The approach involves three phases - service registration, construction of a service graph by matching input/output parameters, and service discovery and composition. It describes using three sample agents (TrainNameService, TrainNumberService, CompositeTrainService) to demonstrate how the composition works. The composed web services are then shown to work properly when accessed over the MANET architecture. The approach aims to automate web service composition by semantically matching parameters.
SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY ON...ijwscjournal
In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well
enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the
academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of
interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability
and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software
using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in
C# .NET.
WEB SERVICES COMPOSITION METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: A REVIEWijcseit
This document provides a review of existing approaches for web service composition. It begins with an introduction and background on key concepts related to web services and composition such as ontologies, semantic web architecture, semantic annotations, reasoners, matching, and quality of service. It then discusses current methods for web service composition, distinguishing between manual/static composition done at design time versus automatic/dynamic composition done at runtime. The document categorizes and compares different composition approaches and aims to help focus future research efforts.
This document provides an overview of current challenges in automatic planning for web service composition. It defines key concepts like web services, web service composition, and discusses the need for automated composition. The document also presents formal models and definitions for the web service composition problem and classifications. It explores automatic planning techniques used in papers surveyed, including OWL-S based composition and planning as a state transition system. The document concludes with a discussion of approaches to validate automated web service composition.
EXTENDING WS-CDL TO SUPPORT REUSABILITY ijwscjournal
This document discusses extending the WS-CDL (Web Service Choreography Description Language) specification to better support reusability of choreographies. The authors propose adding a new "Template" element to WS-CDL that would allow abstract choreographies to be defined independently and then reused by mapping their interfaces to specific instances in other choreographies. Currently, WS-CDL's "Perform" activity does not support parameterizing or injecting variables into performed sub-choreographies, limiting its reusability. The Template element is intended to address this by allowing abstract choreographies defined in templates to expose parameterized interfaces that can be customized when reused.
This document discusses web service composition, which involves combining existing web services to create new processes. It covers both syntactic composition methods like orchestration and choreography, as well as semantic composition using ontologies. Specific composition languages and standards discussed include BPEL, WS-CDL, OWL-S, and WSMO. The goal of semantic composition is to automate service discovery, invocation, and interoperation by describing services in a machine-understandable way.
The document provides an overview of web services and their components. It discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and how web services implement SOA. The key components of web services identified are XML-RPC, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. SOAP is an XML-based protocol for exchanging messages between computers. WSDL provides a standard way to describe web services. UDDI allows services to be published and discovered.
Performance of Web Services on Smart Phone PlatformsIOSR Journals
This document discusses and compares the performance of Web Services on smart phone platforms using SOAP and REST. It begins with an introduction to Web Services and the problems with using SOAP on mobile devices due to its limitations in processing power, bandwidth usage, and flexibility. It then proposes using RESTful Web Services as an alternative as they avoid XML parsing and are based on the lightweight HTTP protocol. The document analyzes the performance of SOAP versus REST Web Services on a mobile device to determine which is more efficient for smart phones.
This document presents an approach for composing semantic web services using agents in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). It proposes an ontology-based framework where JADE agents can link web services and agents to enable semantic web applications. The approach involves three phases - service registration, construction of a service graph by matching input/output parameters, and service discovery and composition. It describes using three sample agents (TrainNameService, TrainNumberService, CompositeTrainService) to demonstrate how the composition works. The composed web services are then shown to work properly when accessed over the MANET architecture. The approach aims to automate web service composition by semantically matching parameters.
Three Dimensional Database: Artificial Intelligence to eCommerce Web service ...CSCJournals
A main objective of this paper is using artificial intelligence technique to web service agents and increase the efficiency of the agent communications. In recent years, web services have played a major role in computer applications. Web services are essential, as the design model of applications are dedicated to electronic businesses. This model aims to become one of the major formalisms for the design of distributed and cooperative applications in an open environment (the Internet). Current commercial and research-based efforts are reviewed and positioned within these two fields. A web service as a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. It has an interface described in a machine-process able format (specifically Web Services Description Language WSDL). Other systems interact with the web service in a manner prescribed by its description using SOAP messages, typically conveyed using HTTP with an XML serialization in conjunction with other Web-related standards. Particular attention is given to the application of AI techniques to the important issue of WS composition. Within the range of AI technologies considered, we focus on the work of the Semantic Web and Agent-based communities to provide web services with semantic descriptions and intelligent behavior and reasoning capabilities. Re-composition of web services is also considered and a number of adaptive agent approaches are introduced and implemented in publication domain with three dimensional databases and one of the areas of work is eCommerce.
This document provides an introduction and overview of web services. It begins by defining what a service is from both a business and technical perspective. It then discusses what web services are, how they differ from traditional client-server models, and their key characteristics. The document outlines some common web service specifications including SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. It provides examples of how these specifications work together to enable web services. Finally, it discusses trends in web services adoption and some myths surrounding web services.
The document provides information about UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration), which is an XML-based registry standard for publishing and discovering Web services. It discusses key aspects of UDDI including its core data structures like business entities, services and bindings; how it is accessed via APIs; its relationship to other Web service standards like WSDL; and how UDDI registries work. It also covers related topics like Web services conversations defined in WSCL (Web Services Conversation Language) and business process execution defined in BPEL (Business Process Execution Language).
Performance Evaluation of Web Services In Linux On MulticoreCSCJournals
Contemporary Business requires the ability to seamlessly exchange information between internal
business units, customers, and partner, is vital for success. Most organizations employ a variety of
different applications to store and exchange data in dissimilar way and therefore cannot “communicate” to
one another productively [1]. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) components provide services to other
components via communication protocols typically over a network [2].The technologies like DCOM, RMI,
COBRA, Web Services etc. are developed using SOA, which contributed best to fulfill requirements to
some extent, but components result from these technologies are mostly either language specific or
platform specific,[3]. The services or components developed for one platform may not be able to
communicate and reusable in other platform, as they are mostly language specific or platform specific.
“World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) International community to develop web standards” issued WS-*
specifications for programming language vendors for Web services, which confirms a standard means of
interoperating between different software applications running on a variety of platforms or frameworks
[4][5]. This paper tests web services performance gain along with interoperability, reusability by using
“NAS Parallel Benchmarks (NPB)” set of program [6] developed by NASA Advanced Supercomputing
Division to evaluate the performance of supercomputers.
AGENTS AND OWL-S BASED SEMANTIC WEB SERVICE DISCOVERY WITH USER PREFERENCE SU...IJwest
Service-oriented computing (SOC) is an interdisciplinary paradigm that revolutionizes the very fabric of
distributed software development applications that adopt service-oriented architectures (SOA) can evolve
during their lifespan and adapt to changing or unpredictable environments more easily. SOA is built
around the concept of Web Services. Although the Web services constitute a revolution in Word Wide Web,
they are always regarded as non-autonomous entities and can be exploited only after their discovery. With
the help of software agents, Web services are becoming more efficient and more dynamic.
The topic of this paper is the development of an agent based approach for Web services discovery and
selection in witch, OWL-S is used to describe Web services, QoS and service customer request. We develop
an efficient semantic service matching which takes into account concepts properties to match concepts in
Web service and service customer request descriptions. Our approach is based on an architecture
composed of four layers: Web service and Request description layer, Functional match layer, QoS
computing layer and Reputation computing layer.
This document provides an overview of web services, including their history, key technologies like XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI, advantages, examples of real-world web services, online resources, and security standards like WS-Security. It discusses how web services evolved from prior technologies like structured programming and object-oriented programming. Key points covered include how HP introduced the concept in 1999 and Microsoft popularized the term, and how standards like XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI enable web services to connect applications across platforms and programming languages.
The document discusses UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration), which is an XML-based standard for describing, publishing, and finding web services. It provides a high-level overview of UDDI, including that it allows for a distributed registry of web services and uses WSDL to describe web service interfaces. It also discusses the UDDI Business Registry, major components of the UDDI specification, core UDDI data structures like business entities and technical models, and how applications can programmatically access and search UDDI registries.
Web services concepts, protocols and developmentishmecse13
Web services allow applications to communicate over the Internet through open standards and protocols. They are self-contained, modular applications that can be described, published, located, and invoked over a network, typically the Internet. Key technologies that enable web services include XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. SOAP is a messaging protocol that allows communication between applications over HTTP. WSDL describes how to access web services and what operations they perform. UDDI provides a registry for businesses to publish and discover web services.
Efficient retrieval of web services using prioritization and clusteringAlexander Decker
This document discusses efficient retrieval of web services using prioritization and clustering. It proposes determining dominance relationships among service advertisements that considers multiple parameter degree of match (PDM) criteria. It introduces methods for prioritizing and clustering web services based on similarity measures and efficient algorithms like Transaction Knowledge Data Discovery (TKDD). The implementation retrieves web service description files, captures input/output parameters, compares them using similarity measures like Cosine and Jaccard, computes dominance scores, and prioritizes and clusters the retrieved web services.
Microsoft .NET is a software framework that allows for the creation of web services and applications that can integrate and share information across devices, systems and languages. It consists of common language runtime, class libraries, ASP.NET for web applications and Windows Forms for desktop apps. .NET uses XML and SOAP to connect systems and web services provide reusable applications. The framework and tools like Visual Studio allow developers to build and deploy cross-platform applications and services.
INVESTIGATING SOAP AND XML TECHNOLOGIES IN WEB SERVICEijsc
In this paper, Investigating SOAP and XML technologies in web service is studied. The reason for using
XML technology to transmit data and also the need for application of existing communicative structure in
SOAP technology in web pages with WSDL technology are investigated uniquely. And also the need for
searchable address giving for web service which is available in UDDI technology and the advantages of
using it are explained for programmers.
This document outlines a presentation on web services. It introduces key concepts like service-oriented architecture (SOA) and defines web services as a technology for application integration and interoperability based on open standards. The presentation focuses on the three main aspects of the web services framework: invocation using SOAP, description using WSDL, and discovery using UDDI. Examples of web services are also provided.
This document describes SWORD, a toolkit for composing web services. SWORD represents each service as a rule specifying its inputs and outputs. When a user wants to create a composite service, SWORD uses a rule engine to determine if it can be realized by composing existing services. If so, SWORD generates a composition plan specifying the sequence of services to invoke. SWORD has been implemented in a prototype and can compose information-providing services like those providing data about people, movies, etc. without requiring emerging standards like WSDL or SOAP.
A Novel Framework for Reliable and Fault Tolerant Web ServicesAbhishek Kumar
This document proposes a novel framework for providing reliable and fault tolerant web services. The framework uses replication and a replication manager to select a primary web service from among multiple replicas. When the primary web service fails or becomes unavailable, the replication manager switches to a new primary by updating the WSDL registration to ensure uninterrupted service for consumers. The replication manager continuously monitors the web services and can trigger recovery, reconfiguration or restart processes to maintain reliability. The proposed approach aims to achieve high performance and reliability for web services.
COMPOSITE DESIGN PATTERN FOR FEATUREORIENTED SERVICE INJECTION AND COMPOSITIO...dannyijwest
This document proposes a composite design pattern for feature-oriented service injection and composition of web services in distributed computing systems with service-oriented architecture (SOA). The pattern combines the visitor and case-based reasoning patterns. It allows new services to be included as feature modules at runtime. When a complex service is requested, the case-based reasoning pattern selects the best matching web service description language (WSDL) based on input parameters. If a single server cannot fulfill the request, the visitor pattern is used to invoke services on other servers to compose the response. The pattern provides capabilities for web service composition, invocation and flexible inclusion of new services.
The document discusses aspect-oriented programming (AOP) and its benefits and challenges. AOP can help solve problems by identifying cross-cutting concerns that can be modularized into aspects. While AOP is useful for implementing policies and capturing knowledge, programming stateful aspects is difficult and handling aspect side-effects can be challenging. The document expresses hope that AOP will find its place and that tools can help address current issues.
This document discusses mobile cloud computing and data center network architectures. It begins with an introduction to mobile cloud computing, including definitions and key elements. It describes how mobile devices can offload computation and data to augment their capabilities. It then covers mobile networks and technologies for cloud access. The document outlines approaches to distributed application processing and partitioning. Finally, it defines data center network architectures and classification schemes before analyzing examples like Fat-Tree, BCube and DCell. Evaluation criteria for energy consumption and communication latency in data centers are also presented.
This document summarizes the anatomy of a web service. It discusses that web services allow applications and devices to communicate independently of platform or language. It describes the key components of web services - SOAP messages for communication, WSDL files that describe the service, and UDDI for finding services. The document provides details on how web services work using SOAP and WSDL. It explains that web services address limitations of prior technologies like EDI and CORBA by being more open, standardized, and compatible.
Enhancement in Web Service ArchitectureIJERA Editor
Web services provide a standard means of interoperating between different software applications, running on a
variety of platforms and/or frameworks. Web services are increasingly used to integrate and build business
application on the internet. Failure of web services is not acceptable in many situations such as online banking,
so fault tolerance is a key challenge of web services. This paper elaborates the concept of web service
architecture and its enhancement. Traditional web service architecture lacks facilities to support fault tolerance.
To better cope with the fundamental issues of the traditional client-server based web service architecture, peer to
peer web service architecture have been introduced. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the architecture,
construction methods and steps of web services and possible weaknesses in scalability and fault tolerance in
traditional client server architecture and a solution for that, peer to peer web service technology has evolved.
WEB SERVICES COMPOSITION METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: A REVIEWijcseit
This document provides a review of web service composition methods and techniques. It begins with an abstract that discusses the increasing need for web service composition as more services become available online. The document then reviews several key concepts related to web service composition, such as ontologies, semantic annotations, quality of service measures, and description languages. It categorizes composition approaches as either syntactic or semantic-based. Syntactic composition relies on syntax alone while semantic composition leverages semantic descriptions. The document discusses various composition methods including manual/static composition, automatic/dynamic composition, and semi-automatic/dynamic or static composition. It provides examples of techniques used for each method. Overall, the document aims to help researchers focus their efforts on developing lasting solutions for
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Information Techno...ijcseit
Web Services are modular, self-describing, self-contained and loosely coupled applications that can be
published, located, and invoked across the web. With the increasing number of web services available on
the web, the need for web services composition is becoming more and more important. Nowadays, for
answering complex needs of users, the construction of new web services based on existing ones is required.
This problem is known as web services composition. However, it is one of big challenge problems of recent
years in a distributed and dynamic environment. The various approaches in field of web service
compositions proposed by the researchers. In this paper we present a review of existing approaches for
web service composition and compare them among each other with respect to some key requirements. We
hope this paper helps researchers to focus on their efforts and to deliver lasting solutions in this field.
Three Dimensional Database: Artificial Intelligence to eCommerce Web service ...CSCJournals
A main objective of this paper is using artificial intelligence technique to web service agents and increase the efficiency of the agent communications. In recent years, web services have played a major role in computer applications. Web services are essential, as the design model of applications are dedicated to electronic businesses. This model aims to become one of the major formalisms for the design of distributed and cooperative applications in an open environment (the Internet). Current commercial and research-based efforts are reviewed and positioned within these two fields. A web service as a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. It has an interface described in a machine-process able format (specifically Web Services Description Language WSDL). Other systems interact with the web service in a manner prescribed by its description using SOAP messages, typically conveyed using HTTP with an XML serialization in conjunction with other Web-related standards. Particular attention is given to the application of AI techniques to the important issue of WS composition. Within the range of AI technologies considered, we focus on the work of the Semantic Web and Agent-based communities to provide web services with semantic descriptions and intelligent behavior and reasoning capabilities. Re-composition of web services is also considered and a number of adaptive agent approaches are introduced and implemented in publication domain with three dimensional databases and one of the areas of work is eCommerce.
This document provides an introduction and overview of web services. It begins by defining what a service is from both a business and technical perspective. It then discusses what web services are, how they differ from traditional client-server models, and their key characteristics. The document outlines some common web service specifications including SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. It provides examples of how these specifications work together to enable web services. Finally, it discusses trends in web services adoption and some myths surrounding web services.
The document provides information about UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration), which is an XML-based registry standard for publishing and discovering Web services. It discusses key aspects of UDDI including its core data structures like business entities, services and bindings; how it is accessed via APIs; its relationship to other Web service standards like WSDL; and how UDDI registries work. It also covers related topics like Web services conversations defined in WSCL (Web Services Conversation Language) and business process execution defined in BPEL (Business Process Execution Language).
Performance Evaluation of Web Services In Linux On MulticoreCSCJournals
Contemporary Business requires the ability to seamlessly exchange information between internal
business units, customers, and partner, is vital for success. Most organizations employ a variety of
different applications to store and exchange data in dissimilar way and therefore cannot “communicate” to
one another productively [1]. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) components provide services to other
components via communication protocols typically over a network [2].The technologies like DCOM, RMI,
COBRA, Web Services etc. are developed using SOA, which contributed best to fulfill requirements to
some extent, but components result from these technologies are mostly either language specific or
platform specific,[3]. The services or components developed for one platform may not be able to
communicate and reusable in other platform, as they are mostly language specific or platform specific.
“World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) International community to develop web standards” issued WS-*
specifications for programming language vendors for Web services, which confirms a standard means of
interoperating between different software applications running on a variety of platforms or frameworks
[4][5]. This paper tests web services performance gain along with interoperability, reusability by using
“NAS Parallel Benchmarks (NPB)” set of program [6] developed by NASA Advanced Supercomputing
Division to evaluate the performance of supercomputers.
AGENTS AND OWL-S BASED SEMANTIC WEB SERVICE DISCOVERY WITH USER PREFERENCE SU...IJwest
Service-oriented computing (SOC) is an interdisciplinary paradigm that revolutionizes the very fabric of
distributed software development applications that adopt service-oriented architectures (SOA) can evolve
during their lifespan and adapt to changing or unpredictable environments more easily. SOA is built
around the concept of Web Services. Although the Web services constitute a revolution in Word Wide Web,
they are always regarded as non-autonomous entities and can be exploited only after their discovery. With
the help of software agents, Web services are becoming more efficient and more dynamic.
The topic of this paper is the development of an agent based approach for Web services discovery and
selection in witch, OWL-S is used to describe Web services, QoS and service customer request. We develop
an efficient semantic service matching which takes into account concepts properties to match concepts in
Web service and service customer request descriptions. Our approach is based on an architecture
composed of four layers: Web service and Request description layer, Functional match layer, QoS
computing layer and Reputation computing layer.
This document provides an overview of web services, including their history, key technologies like XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI, advantages, examples of real-world web services, online resources, and security standards like WS-Security. It discusses how web services evolved from prior technologies like structured programming and object-oriented programming. Key points covered include how HP introduced the concept in 1999 and Microsoft popularized the term, and how standards like XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI enable web services to connect applications across platforms and programming languages.
The document discusses UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration), which is an XML-based standard for describing, publishing, and finding web services. It provides a high-level overview of UDDI, including that it allows for a distributed registry of web services and uses WSDL to describe web service interfaces. It also discusses the UDDI Business Registry, major components of the UDDI specification, core UDDI data structures like business entities and technical models, and how applications can programmatically access and search UDDI registries.
Web services concepts, protocols and developmentishmecse13
Web services allow applications to communicate over the Internet through open standards and protocols. They are self-contained, modular applications that can be described, published, located, and invoked over a network, typically the Internet. Key technologies that enable web services include XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. SOAP is a messaging protocol that allows communication between applications over HTTP. WSDL describes how to access web services and what operations they perform. UDDI provides a registry for businesses to publish and discover web services.
Efficient retrieval of web services using prioritization and clusteringAlexander Decker
This document discusses efficient retrieval of web services using prioritization and clustering. It proposes determining dominance relationships among service advertisements that considers multiple parameter degree of match (PDM) criteria. It introduces methods for prioritizing and clustering web services based on similarity measures and efficient algorithms like Transaction Knowledge Data Discovery (TKDD). The implementation retrieves web service description files, captures input/output parameters, compares them using similarity measures like Cosine and Jaccard, computes dominance scores, and prioritizes and clusters the retrieved web services.
Microsoft .NET is a software framework that allows for the creation of web services and applications that can integrate and share information across devices, systems and languages. It consists of common language runtime, class libraries, ASP.NET for web applications and Windows Forms for desktop apps. .NET uses XML and SOAP to connect systems and web services provide reusable applications. The framework and tools like Visual Studio allow developers to build and deploy cross-platform applications and services.
INVESTIGATING SOAP AND XML TECHNOLOGIES IN WEB SERVICEijsc
In this paper, Investigating SOAP and XML technologies in web service is studied. The reason for using
XML technology to transmit data and also the need for application of existing communicative structure in
SOAP technology in web pages with WSDL technology are investigated uniquely. And also the need for
searchable address giving for web service which is available in UDDI technology and the advantages of
using it are explained for programmers.
This document outlines a presentation on web services. It introduces key concepts like service-oriented architecture (SOA) and defines web services as a technology for application integration and interoperability based on open standards. The presentation focuses on the three main aspects of the web services framework: invocation using SOAP, description using WSDL, and discovery using UDDI. Examples of web services are also provided.
This document describes SWORD, a toolkit for composing web services. SWORD represents each service as a rule specifying its inputs and outputs. When a user wants to create a composite service, SWORD uses a rule engine to determine if it can be realized by composing existing services. If so, SWORD generates a composition plan specifying the sequence of services to invoke. SWORD has been implemented in a prototype and can compose information-providing services like those providing data about people, movies, etc. without requiring emerging standards like WSDL or SOAP.
A Novel Framework for Reliable and Fault Tolerant Web ServicesAbhishek Kumar
This document proposes a novel framework for providing reliable and fault tolerant web services. The framework uses replication and a replication manager to select a primary web service from among multiple replicas. When the primary web service fails or becomes unavailable, the replication manager switches to a new primary by updating the WSDL registration to ensure uninterrupted service for consumers. The replication manager continuously monitors the web services and can trigger recovery, reconfiguration or restart processes to maintain reliability. The proposed approach aims to achieve high performance and reliability for web services.
COMPOSITE DESIGN PATTERN FOR FEATUREORIENTED SERVICE INJECTION AND COMPOSITIO...dannyijwest
This document proposes a composite design pattern for feature-oriented service injection and composition of web services in distributed computing systems with service-oriented architecture (SOA). The pattern combines the visitor and case-based reasoning patterns. It allows new services to be included as feature modules at runtime. When a complex service is requested, the case-based reasoning pattern selects the best matching web service description language (WSDL) based on input parameters. If a single server cannot fulfill the request, the visitor pattern is used to invoke services on other servers to compose the response. The pattern provides capabilities for web service composition, invocation and flexible inclusion of new services.
The document discusses aspect-oriented programming (AOP) and its benefits and challenges. AOP can help solve problems by identifying cross-cutting concerns that can be modularized into aspects. While AOP is useful for implementing policies and capturing knowledge, programming stateful aspects is difficult and handling aspect side-effects can be challenging. The document expresses hope that AOP will find its place and that tools can help address current issues.
This document discusses mobile cloud computing and data center network architectures. It begins with an introduction to mobile cloud computing, including definitions and key elements. It describes how mobile devices can offload computation and data to augment their capabilities. It then covers mobile networks and technologies for cloud access. The document outlines approaches to distributed application processing and partitioning. Finally, it defines data center network architectures and classification schemes before analyzing examples like Fat-Tree, BCube and DCell. Evaluation criteria for energy consumption and communication latency in data centers are also presented.
This document summarizes the anatomy of a web service. It discusses that web services allow applications and devices to communicate independently of platform or language. It describes the key components of web services - SOAP messages for communication, WSDL files that describe the service, and UDDI for finding services. The document provides details on how web services work using SOAP and WSDL. It explains that web services address limitations of prior technologies like EDI and CORBA by being more open, standardized, and compatible.
Enhancement in Web Service ArchitectureIJERA Editor
Web services provide a standard means of interoperating between different software applications, running on a
variety of platforms and/or frameworks. Web services are increasingly used to integrate and build business
application on the internet. Failure of web services is not acceptable in many situations such as online banking,
so fault tolerance is a key challenge of web services. This paper elaborates the concept of web service
architecture and its enhancement. Traditional web service architecture lacks facilities to support fault tolerance.
To better cope with the fundamental issues of the traditional client-server based web service architecture, peer to
peer web service architecture have been introduced. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the architecture,
construction methods and steps of web services and possible weaknesses in scalability and fault tolerance in
traditional client server architecture and a solution for that, peer to peer web service technology has evolved.
WEB SERVICES COMPOSITION METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: A REVIEWijcseit
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SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY ON CREDIT CARD
1. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
DOI : 10.5121/ijwsc.2013.4402 11
SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE
DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY
ON CREDIT CARD
Kalpana Johari
Senior Lecturer
School of Information Technology
Centre for Development of Advanced Computing ,NOIDA
Arvinder Kaur
Associate Professor
University School of Information and Communication Technology
GGSIP University Dwarka , Delhi
ABSTRACT
In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well
enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the
academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of
interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability
and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software
using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in
C# .NET.
GENERAL TERMS
Algorithms, Design, Security.
KEYWORDS
RMI, CORBA, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, OTP.
1. INTRODUCTION
Interoperability primarily refers to the seamless flow of the data and information across
multiple Web Services hosted on single or multiple platform in a heterogeneous
environments. One of the most pertinent question that often popup is to how to defined a
“Web Service”. A Few definition’s have been suggested in [1], [2],[3] but it can be defined
in more simpler terms as “Service that caters to other Services” that is hosting of multiple
applications comprising of humongous data and information on a single platform on the
Web using open standards like XML (Extensible Markup Language) [18] , SOAP (Simple
2. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
12
Object Access Protocol) [19] and WSDL(Web Services Description Language) [20] and
UDDI(Universal Description Discovery and Integration)[21]. As per W3C [World Wide
Web Consortium] the Web Service can be defined as “A Web service is a software system
designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. It has an
interface described in a machine-process able format (specifically WSDL). Other systems
interact with the Web service in a manner prescribed by its description using SOAP messages,
typically conveyed using HTTP with an XML serialization in conjunction with other Web-
related standards”. One of the most important things to be kept in mind while
understanding the concept of Web services is that Web Service is never going to be used
directly by the human being(s).In fact all the information available through the web service
is primarily meant for the software as it is the software that directly communicates
with the web service and not the human beings. To our knowledge and understanding it is first
such paper that not only addresses the issue of interoperability but also design Web Service
in ASP.NET that caters to the query received from JAVA Client.
2. RELATED WORK
Chidamber and Kemerer [4] introduced the Response for Class (RFC) as a measure of the
number of functions or methods that can potentially be executed in response to a message
received by an object of that class. Choi and Lee [5] proposed a dynamic coupling metrics
which can be used to accurately measure the coupling between the classes. Perepletchikov et
al.[6] suggested a set of metrics for quantifying the structural coupling of design artifacts
in service-oriented systems. Qian et al. [7] proposed a practical guide for evaluating
decoupling between service- oriented components in the service composition such as Business
Process Execution Language (BEPL). Quynh and Thang [8] proposed a collection of metrics to
measure service’s quality according to its usability of coupling. In their paper they discussed
how the coupling metrics can be used to accurately measure the maintainability, reliability,
testability and reusability of services. Li and Henry [9] illustrated the Message Passing Coupling
(MPC) as the count of the number of send statements that are present in methods o f o n e
c l a s s linked t o o t h e r s e t o f c l a s s e s . They emphasized that Coupling between Object
Classes should be viewed as the count of the number of classes to which it is coupled.
3. INTEROPERABILITY IN EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES
The Web Services should be interoperable to an extent that the classes, Arrays and Structures
designed and developed using J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition), or J2ME (Java 2 Mobile
Edition), or J2EE(Java 2 Enterprise Edition) architecture should be able to communicate
with the Array, Classes and Structures designed in the C#(C sharp).NET application. In the
same way their should be seamless flow of data between Applets designed in J2SE to Midlets
designed in J2ME to Servlets designed in J2ME. The Same data or information if needed should
be made available to the application designed in VB.NET or ASP.NET. J2EE offers two
architecture’s for the web services designed to exploit the concepts of distributed
computing viz. RMI(Remote Method Invocation) and CORBA (Common Object Request
Broker Architecture).RMI is primarily use for carrying out the JAVA – JAVA communication
that is at both the ends of the application, the programs are written in JAVA so no issues of
the interoperability’s arise between the applications.RMI uses the concept of Remote Interfaces,
Remote Objects, Stubs and Skeletons to carry out the communication between Client and server
Programs written in JAVA. However the CORBA architecture which is a standard defined by
the Object Management Group is primarily used for carrying out communication between
the Java application and the non-Java application such as those application designed in the
COBOL, Pascal, FORTRAN,ALGOL,C++, and C#.NET etc. CORBA uses special files
3. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
13
S.No Entity
Name
C++ JAVA C#
1 DYNAMIC ARRAYS NO Yes Yes
2 VECTORS No Yes No
3 STRUCTURE YES NO NO
4 POINTERS YES NO NO
5 MULTIPLE INHERITANCE YES NO NO
6 INTERFACES NO YES YES
7 WRAPPER CLASSES NO YES NO
8 APPLETS NO YES NO
9 FINAL CLASSES NO FINAL SEALED
10 DELEGATES NO NO CLASS
11 MULTI- THREADING NO YES YES
12 EXCEPTION HANDLING YES (try,
catch and throw)
YES (try,
catch , throw,
throws, finally)
YES(try, catch ,
Throw , throws, finally)
13 PERSISTENCE NO YES using
the Synchronization
keyword
YES
14 FRIEND CLASSES YES NO NO
15 FRIEND FUNCTION YES NO NO
called as interface definition language (IDL) to specify the interfaces which objects present to
the outer world applications . CORBA then specifies a mapping from IDL to a specific
implementation language like C++ or JAVA. Standard mappings exist for C,C++, Ada, Simula,
Smalltalk, Python, Ruby on Rails. So effort is always to go in for the seamless connectivity
between JAVA and C#.NET application.
4. ISSUES IN THE INTEROPERABILITY OF WEB SERVICES
In our paper we raise one of the biggest problem related to the interoperability of the Web
Services at t h e i m p l e m e n t at i o n l e v el is the incompatibilities in terms of the data
types supported by the programming languages like JAVA and C#. The Problem of
incompatibilities arises in various ends due to the incompatibilities not only in terms of
data types but also in terms of following listed incompatibilities between following three
programming languages namely C++, JAVA and C#
Table 1. Incompatibilities between the programming languages :-
16 DATABASE
CONNECTIVITY
YES
(through DB-
Libraries)
YES (thru
JDBC and
HIBERNATE)
YES( thru ADO.
NET)
17 PREPROCE
SSOR DIRECTIVE
YES YES(thru
Packages)
Yes(thru Name spaces)
4. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
14
5. METRICS FOR INTEROPERABILITY OF WEB SERVICES
5.1 Adherence to the standards
The effort should always be laid on designing a Web Service that strictly conforms to norms and
standards of WS-I (Web Services Interoperability Organization norms and W3C (World Wide
Web) Consortium.
If we want to measure how interoperable a web service is that it should be measured in
terms of it’s adherence or deviation to the existing set of norms and standards. If a web
service closely follows these standard set of Guidelines and norms then it is one which is highly
interoperable and if does not then it is considered to be loosely interoperable.
5.2 Number of User – Defined Data types
While designing a Web Service efforts should be made in the direction of designing a Web
service that uses maximum number of the fundamental data types and least number of
user defined or derived data types. The Web Service which is designed using minimum
number of derived data types then it is considered to be highly interoperable.
5.3 Nesting of Web Services :-
While designing the Web Service every effort should be made that all the information required
by the said web service should be provided at one place under single umbrella that is
all the functionality be defined under the functions defined in once class and less number of
inner classes, anonymous inner classes (as in JAVA),abstract classes and nesting of classes
should be used.
18 PURE VIRTUAL FUNCTION
S
YES NO NO
19 OPERATOR
OVERLOADING
YES NO NO
20 STANDARD
TEMPLATE LIBRARY
YES NO NO
21 LINKING TYPE STATIC RUNTIME
/DYNAMI C
RUNTIME
/DYNAMIC
22 CHARACTER SET ANSI/
ASCII
UNICODE UNICODE/ UCS(
Universal Character
Set)
23 WEB SERVICES SUPPORT NO YES(thru
SERVLET S and
JSP)
YES
(thru ASP. NET)
24 SOCKET PROGRAMMING YES(Possible
through UNIX
libraries)
YES(through
Socket and
ServerSocket
classes)
YES(through In-
built DLL)
25 ARBITRARY SIZED
INTEGERS
NO Reference type :
No Operator
YES
26 ARBITRARY SIZED
DECIMALS
NO Reference type :
No Operator
NO
5. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
15
5.4 Request-Response Paradigm :-
Number of request response messages being exchanged between the Service Subscriber (the
client Software requesting Program) and the Web Service Publisher that is the Web Service,
hosted on the Web Server and designed to handle multiple client request in a typical n-Tier
Client Service application.
5.5 Accessibility:
A Web service should be accessible to one and all and it should be designed in such a manner
that it strictly conforms to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [12] and the
standards for defined for Web Accessibility Initiative [13].
5.6 Availability:-
The Web Service should be designed to host millions of request around the clock on 24x7x365
basis. This availability is the directly linked to the probability that the system is up and related
to reliability [1]. An example of this metric is the Time-to-Repair that calculates the time it
takes to repair the Web Service and to bring it back in operational state.
5.7 Security:
A Web Service needs to be secure from the on-site and on line attacks of hackers and
crackers. Effort can be made to make a Web Service secure and less vulnerable by
incorporating the light weight cryptographic algorithms.
6. APPLICATIONS OF WEB SERVICE :-
We can design the Web Service for variety of applications few of which can be described as
follows :-
1) In Retail Stores :- In Retails Stores where in we can design the POS (Point of Sales)
Application Software in JAVA and another application designed in VB.NET or C#.NET
that interfaces with Bar Code Reader to read the Bar Code Number from the Items (such as
Cold Drink and NoteBooks ) etc.
2) QR Codes (Quick Response Code) consisting of Application designed in JAVA and the
actual reading/fetching and storage of the information is coded in VB.NET or ASP.NET.
3) ReCharge WebSite :- The Application of the WebSite that accepts the mobile number can
be designed in JAVA and the Application that does the task of recharge and the credit card
verification can be designed in ASP.NET.
4) Online Portals and Vortals catering to different services like online music store and gaming
sites et al.
7. DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICE
In order to depict the interoperability between the Web Services, We design a Web Service
based application called Credit Card Verification Process that uses the Luhn’s Mod 10
Algorithm[15]. We designed two classes one called as Credit Card class that serves as
JAVA Client written in Net Beans[16] and other the Bank Class designed as Bank Web
Service in C# / ASP.NET[17].The detailed steps performed in designing of the web
service are listed in table 2 and the subsequent snapshots/images designed using JAVA
Programming language in Net Beans and C#.NET are schematically represented through figures
1-7.
6. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
16
Table 2: Steps in the designing of Credit Card based Service
S. No Steps Validation Description / Purpose JAVA C#
.NET
CUSTOMER APPLICATION REACHES BANK
1 Customer Applies
to bank
Custom er Details
need to be verified for
Example thru : Valid PAN
Card number or Driving
License number or Voter ID
Card
Customer details are
accepted and stored in
the customer Table
of the DB
YES
2 Customer
applies for Internet
Banking Option
Bank class issues 6 digit
Unique MCSC (Master Card
Secure Code) or
VBV(Verified by VISA code)
to the customer
VBV(Verified by VISA) and
MCSC (MASTER CARD
SECURED
CODE) need to be stored in
the customer table of the
Database
Yes
CUSTOMER GOES FOR ONLINE SHOPPING
3 CC(Credit
Card) Class accepts
the Credit
Card No
Checks whether the length
of a Card number is 16
digit or not
Yes
4 Next CC Class
checks whether
the number Valid
or Invalid
To be verified by applying
the Luhn’s Mod 10
algorithm
Yes
5 Next CC
Class prompts
the user to enter
CVV (Credit Card
Verification Value
Number)
To Check the length of
the number :- it should be
non –zero and length
should not be greater then 3
Yes
6 Next the
CC enters the user
to enter the expiry
date.
To ensure that an the expiry
date should not be less
the or equal to current
date.
Yes
7 Next the CC Class
enters the user to
enter the Amount
for carrying out the
transaction
fordoing on line
shopping.
The Amount
should be non- zero
Yes
8 The CC
number now travels
safely thru the
Internet to reach
theBank Class
To
make sure the informationis
safe it is encry pted thru DES
ALGORIT HM/ AES ALG
ORIT HM
Yes
7. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
17
7. SNAPSHOTS OF WEB SERVICE
Fig 1 : Launching of Bank Application
9 A Verified
Credit Card No
is send as input
to Bank class
where
check is made to
check that if
customer is
have sufficient
funds to carry
out the transaction
The Amount
should be non- zero.
NO Bank
class
in C#
.NET
10 If the
Customer
have sufficient
funds then the
Bank class
prompts the
customer to enter
MCSC(Master
Card Secure
Code) or
VBV(Verified by
VISA code)
This Code
should match with the
code issued in Step 2.
NO Bank
class
in C#
.NET
11 Next the Bank
class
generates a
unique
number called
OTP(One Time
Password) which
is send back to
the CC Class
The number
should be non- zero and
length between 1-6.
NO Bank
class
in C#
.NET
12 CC Class receives the OTP and allows the user to carry out transaction
8. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
18
Fig 2 : Prompting the User to enter Credit Card Number
Fig 3 : Prompting the user to enter CVV number
Fig 4 : Prompting the user to enter Shopping amount
Fig 5 : Prompting the user to enter Shopping amount
9. International Journal on Web Service Computing (IJWSC), Vol.4, No.4, December 2013
19
Fig 6 : Generation of OTP(One time Password)
Fig 7 : Message Box for successful transaction
8. INDUSTRY SUPPORT : WS-I INITIATIVES
Today Web services are packaged in the WRF (Web Services Resource Framework )
[Microsoft document] at includes the XML, SOAP and the WSDL and UDDI (Universal
Description Discovery and Integration) et al. In order to achieve high level of interoperability
between the different platforms and technologies an organization by the name of Web
Service Interoperability [WS-I] [14] has been founded .WS-I is an open industry
organization chartered to establish Best Practices for Web services interoperability, for selected
groups of Web services standards, across multiple platforms, operating systems and
programming languages. The WS-I Basic Profile establishes core Web services specifications
(SOAP, WSDL, UDDI,XML Schema, HTTPS) that should be used together to develop
interoperable Web services. To date, WS-I has produced the Basic Profile 1.0 and 1.1. [14]
9. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author wishes to express their sincere gratitude to the administration of Centre for
Development of Advanced Computing, N O I D A and Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha
University, DELHI for providing the academic environment to pursue research activities.
10. FUTURE WORK
We propose to develop many more web services and identify more important metrics which
can be used to measure the interoperability between the Web Services. We also propose
to develop secure and robust Web services which are not prone to the various Active and
Passive Attacks .The security is enhanced by using various Symmetric and As symetric
Cryptographic Algorithms such as DES,AES,RSA and RC4 algorithm provided as part of