Presentatio tries to bring out context of the cities in the overall development of communities and nations, and the manner cities are being subjected to devlopmental and population pressure. As engines of economic growth cities are known to have environmental, ecological and infrastructure implications besides becoming the major propeller of global warming and climate change. Looking at the role and importance of cities in alleviating poverty, pollution and numerous other growing dualitues and contradictions, presentation focusses on how to make growth and development of cities more rational, sustaianble, inclusive, safe abd resilient.
The document discusses the history, theory, aspects, and practice of urban planning. It begins with definitions of urban planning and discusses its origins in ancient civilizations. It then covers influential urban planning theories and thinkers from Hippodamus to modernists like Howard and Le Corbusier. The document outlines aspects of urban planning like aesthetics, infrastructure, transportation and discusses sustainable practices. It also discusses new master-planned cities and different levels of urban planning from national to municipal. In the end, it discusses impacts of urban planning on happiness, education and criminality.
The document discusses the principles and concepts of neighborhood planning. It explains that neighborhood planning aims to create small residential units of 2,000-5,000 people to foster a sense of community. Key aspects of neighborhood planning include limiting the size to a walkable area, using boundary roads, incorporating green spaces, designing internal streets for safety, providing a mix of housing, locating shops and community centers in central areas, and including facilities like schools and parks within 1 km to encourage social life. The principles of neighborhood planning aim to balance residential development with community spaces and recreation to recreate the lost neighborhood relationships of modern cities.
Every one in the world wants to live in a compact environment. like in olden days the peoples they were used telephone, telegram, etc. for communication. but in the current scenario every one have smart phones for better communication. Because smartphones are compact and convenient to them.This presentation about Compact City planning and also it dealt how various compact cities in the developed and developing countries manage themselves. This presentation just gives an outline of the compact city planning.
This document provides an overview of smart city standards and standardization efforts. It discusses definitions of smart cities and their components. It describes standards from organizations like ISO, ITU, BSI, and BIS. The ISO 37120 standard for city indicators is summarized, which includes indicators for services, quality of life, and sustainability. The document also discusses India's smart cities program and standardization initiatives through the Bureau of Indian Standards.
government of India has launched "Smart Cities Mission" on 25th June 2015.
This is a presentation explaining the guidelines and procedure for this mission.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on Transit Oriented Development (TOD). TOD aims to create walkable, mixed-use communities centered around high-quality transit like buses and trains. The presentation outlines TOD goals of reducing car dependency and increasing transit access. It reviews literature on the relationship between TOD and rail accessibility. Case studies of TOD implementations in Delhi, India are discussed, which aimed to better integrate land use and transportation through zoning around transit stations. The presentation concludes that TOD can reduce private vehicle use and provide more sustainable transportation options.
Strategy and Options for Planning Inclusive CitiesJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation looks at the context of inclusive cities, its relevance in the Indian context, problems faced by Indian cities and what are the options to make cities inclusive, and sustainable
1. INTRODUCTION TO SUBJECT ITP
2. DEFINITION OF INTRODUCTION TO PLANNING ITP
3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF URBAN PLANNING
a. ELOBRATIONS
4. TERMS USED IN PLANNING AND THEIR DEFINITION
5. RELATIONSHIP OF CRP WITH OTHER FIELDS
a. RELATIONSHIP WITH ARCHITECHTURE
b. RELATIONSHIP WITH CIVIL ENGINEERING
c. RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
d. RELATIONSHIP WITH SURVYING
e. RELATIONSHIP WITH LANDSCAPE ARCHITECHTURE
f. RELATIONSHIP WITH SOCIOLOGY
g. RELATIONSHIP WITH ECONOMICS
6. IMPORTANCE OF URBAN PLANNING
7. FUNCTIONS OF PROFESSIONAL PLANNER
8. NEW TRENDS IN PLANNING
9. GEOGRPHICAL TOPOGRAPHICAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN RELATION TO PLANNING
10. JUSTIFICATIONS FOR PLANNING
11. PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
12. LEVELS AND ELEMENTS OF PLANNING
13. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF SIR PATRICK GEDDES
14. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF SIR EBNEZIR HOWARD
15. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF LE COUBISER
16. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF FRANK LOYD WRIGHT
17. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF LEWIS MUMFORD
18. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF C.A DOXIADIS
The document discusses the history, theory, aspects, and practice of urban planning. It begins with definitions of urban planning and discusses its origins in ancient civilizations. It then covers influential urban planning theories and thinkers from Hippodamus to modernists like Howard and Le Corbusier. The document outlines aspects of urban planning like aesthetics, infrastructure, transportation and discusses sustainable practices. It also discusses new master-planned cities and different levels of urban planning from national to municipal. In the end, it discusses impacts of urban planning on happiness, education and criminality.
The document discusses the principles and concepts of neighborhood planning. It explains that neighborhood planning aims to create small residential units of 2,000-5,000 people to foster a sense of community. Key aspects of neighborhood planning include limiting the size to a walkable area, using boundary roads, incorporating green spaces, designing internal streets for safety, providing a mix of housing, locating shops and community centers in central areas, and including facilities like schools and parks within 1 km to encourage social life. The principles of neighborhood planning aim to balance residential development with community spaces and recreation to recreate the lost neighborhood relationships of modern cities.
Every one in the world wants to live in a compact environment. like in olden days the peoples they were used telephone, telegram, etc. for communication. but in the current scenario every one have smart phones for better communication. Because smartphones are compact and convenient to them.This presentation about Compact City planning and also it dealt how various compact cities in the developed and developing countries manage themselves. This presentation just gives an outline of the compact city planning.
This document provides an overview of smart city standards and standardization efforts. It discusses definitions of smart cities and their components. It describes standards from organizations like ISO, ITU, BSI, and BIS. The ISO 37120 standard for city indicators is summarized, which includes indicators for services, quality of life, and sustainability. The document also discusses India's smart cities program and standardization initiatives through the Bureau of Indian Standards.
government of India has launched "Smart Cities Mission" on 25th June 2015.
This is a presentation explaining the guidelines and procedure for this mission.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on Transit Oriented Development (TOD). TOD aims to create walkable, mixed-use communities centered around high-quality transit like buses and trains. The presentation outlines TOD goals of reducing car dependency and increasing transit access. It reviews literature on the relationship between TOD and rail accessibility. Case studies of TOD implementations in Delhi, India are discussed, which aimed to better integrate land use and transportation through zoning around transit stations. The presentation concludes that TOD can reduce private vehicle use and provide more sustainable transportation options.
Strategy and Options for Planning Inclusive CitiesJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation looks at the context of inclusive cities, its relevance in the Indian context, problems faced by Indian cities and what are the options to make cities inclusive, and sustainable
1. INTRODUCTION TO SUBJECT ITP
2. DEFINITION OF INTRODUCTION TO PLANNING ITP
3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF URBAN PLANNING
a. ELOBRATIONS
4. TERMS USED IN PLANNING AND THEIR DEFINITION
5. RELATIONSHIP OF CRP WITH OTHER FIELDS
a. RELATIONSHIP WITH ARCHITECHTURE
b. RELATIONSHIP WITH CIVIL ENGINEERING
c. RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
d. RELATIONSHIP WITH SURVYING
e. RELATIONSHIP WITH LANDSCAPE ARCHITECHTURE
f. RELATIONSHIP WITH SOCIOLOGY
g. RELATIONSHIP WITH ECONOMICS
6. IMPORTANCE OF URBAN PLANNING
7. FUNCTIONS OF PROFESSIONAL PLANNER
8. NEW TRENDS IN PLANNING
9. GEOGRPHICAL TOPOGRAPHICAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN RELATION TO PLANNING
10. JUSTIFICATIONS FOR PLANNING
11. PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
12. LEVELS AND ELEMENTS OF PLANNING
13. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF SIR PATRICK GEDDES
14. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF SIR EBNEZIR HOWARD
15. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF LE COUBISER
16. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF FRANK LOYD WRIGHT
17. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF LEWIS MUMFORD
18. LAND USE PLANNING THEORY OF C.A DOXIADIS
The Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) guidelines were updated in 2014 to accommodate changes in urban development since the original 1996 guidelines. The updated guidelines provide a framework for preparing spatial development plans at various levels from regional to local. It outlines approaches for sustainable planning, infrastructure planning, transportation planning, land use management, and other technical aspects of the planning process. The guidelines emphasize public participation, flexibility, and alignment of sectoral plans with overall master plans.
Sustainable Urban Planning-Issues and Options JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Urban India remains in crisis- crisis of population; crisis of poverty; crisis of pollution; crisis of unplanned development; crisis of infrastructures; crisis of services; crisis of affordable living. Genesis of all these crisis has roots in approach and options used for development of urban and rural settlements, which is done on different footing with priority going for urban areas .Despite getting major attention, resources, manpower, technology, cities remain in crisis for the reason majority of urban ills have their origin in the neglect of the rural India. If India, as a nation has to move forward, then its emancipation falls within the domain of Rural India, which needs to be made more productive, livable and qualitative duly supported by technology and state of art infrastructures besides making urban and rural India equal partners in all policy planning and programs for development. Regional Planning offers the best option to achieve the objective.
3.1.1 development control rules case studySachin PatiL
The document provides an overview of the Andhra Pradesh Building Rules - 2012. It discusses the purpose of building rules as a regulatory instrument for building activities and planned development. It outlines the key parameters regulated by the rules, including plot size, road width, setbacks, height restrictions, and more. It introduces revisions made in the 2012 rules, such as a single table establishing norms for all types of buildings, rationalized setbacks for smaller plots, and provisions for maintaining greenery. The document also discusses restrictions and clearances required for building activities near areas like railways, airports, defense establishments, and religious structures.
The OECD Regional Sustainable Development Division is working on a project on Resilient Cities. This is the overview by Setsuko Saya, Head of Regional Sustainable Development, OECD.
www.oecd.org/regional/regional-policy/
Paper looks critically and objectively, the role and importance of Master Plans in Rationalising the development of cities, issues created and options to make it a better master plan
The document discusses India's Smart Cities Mission. It defines a smart city as having basic infrastructure and using smart solutions to improve services. The mission aims to provide infrastructure, improve quality of life, and apply smart and sustainable solutions. Cities will develop areas using three models: retrofitting existing areas, redeveloping areas over 50 acres, and developing new greenfield sites. Smart solutions involve using IT to improve services like water management. The selection process involves cities competing within and across states. Most investment will go toward area development, urban mobility, and economic development projects. Implementation is ongoing, with continued growth in project tenders, grounding, and completions over time.
This document discusses transforming cities into smart cities by addressing opportunities, challenges, and risks. It begins by outlining international trends of population growth, urbanization, and the need for more sustainable cities. Transforming cities into smart cities is presented as a transformative process requiring inputs like technologies and tools that are transformed through approaches like stakeholder engagement and innovation to achieve outcomes like improved quality of life. The document then examines the technical, financial, economic, environmental, service delivery, social, institutional, and governance challenges to the transformation process. It also analyzes risks in the economic, social, technical, financial, environmental, and strategic areas. In closing, it provides remarks on defining a national vision and strategy, ensuring public policy coherence,
The document discusses the need for transit-oriented development (TOD) in Delhi and other Indian cities. It notes that while metro systems have been constructed, people still feel unsafe using public transit due to lack of last-mile connectivity, unsafe streets, and auto-centric urban planning that has made cities very vehicle-dependent. TOD aims to make public transit safer, faster and more convenient so that more people choose to use it over private vehicles. The document outlines the guiding principles of TOD, including reducing private vehicle use and prioritizing public transit, pedestrian, and cycling access. It presents norms and development control guidelines for TOD covering connectivity, street design, land use mix, density, and infrastructure standards to support the
1) The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) is an ambitious urban development program in India that aims to encourage reforms and fast-track development in identified cities.
2) JNNURM provides Rs. 50,000 crores in funding from the Government of India over 6 years (2006-2012) to be matched by cities and states, for a total planned investment of Rs. 1,50,000 crores.
3) IL&FS IDC Services offers assistance to state and local governments for project identification, structuring, financial closure, and monitoring under JNNURM and related urban development schemes.
what is smart city?
how make smart city?
why we need smart cities?
what the parameters of the smart cities?
world examples of smart cities
some problems and suggestions for Damascus city
An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages. Any portion of earth’s surface where physical conditions are homogeneous can be considered as a Region in geographic sense, ranging from a single feature region to compage, depending on the
criteria used for delineation. In practice, a prefix is added to highlight the attributes on which the region has been defined, for example, agriculture region, resource region, city region, planning region.
All the daily activities of human beings are carried out on land. Proper organization of these activities i.e. planning will help the human being in leading a richer and fuller life in livable surroundings or environment. "Planning" means the scientific, aesthetic, and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services with a view to securing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities.
Planning Laws - Its Implications for Urban Development JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Paper tries to analyse the role and importance of legal framework in the context of urban development and the need to make urban laws more rational, simple and supportive of the urban development.
Urban renewal involves the remodeling and rehabilitation of older urban areas through redevelopment, conservation, and redevelopment to address issues like inadequate housing, environmental degradation, and dilapidated infrastructure. It aims to improve living conditions and revitalize areas that have declined below standards. Common approaches include slum clearance, redevelopment, rehabilitation, housing improvement, conservation, and economic renewal projects. While originating in the US after World War 2, urban renewal is now practiced in Pakistan through local government programs that target both urban and surrounding rural settlements.
The document discusses urban infrastructure development in India and provides recommendations. It notes that India's urban population is projected to grow rapidly which will strain existing infrastructure. Current infrastructure faces issues like inadequate water supply, sewage treatment, and solid waste management. Recommendations include building urban infrastructure capacity, shifting to performance-based maintenance contracts, creating regional infrastructure funds, and monetizing underutilized public lands to fund development. A case study of Delhi highlights opportunities to optimize land use through measures like reducing the land allocated to ceremonial areas and relocating unused facilities.
Planning Legislation in India (Town Planning)S.P. Sharma
The document discusses various town planning legislation in India, highlighting their importance and key aspects. It covers:
1) The Sanitary Commission of 1864 which was formed to oversee sanitation and public health in cities and address issues like epidemics.
2) The Bombay Improvement Act of 1898 which established improvement trusts to undertake slum removal and sanitation works.
3) The Bombay Town Planning Act of 1915 which was India's first town planning law conferring powers on local authorities to control future growth and prevent slums.
4) The Model Town and Country Planning Act of 1960 which provided a framework for state legislation on planning authorities, master plans, and land use regulation.
A master plan or a development plan or a town plan may be
defined as a
general plan for the future layout of a city showing both the existing and
proposed streets or roads, open spaces, public buildings etc. A master
plan is prepared either for improvement of an old city or for a new
town to be developed on a virgin soil. A master plan is a blueprint for the
future. It is an comprehensive document, long-range in its view, that
is intended to guide development in the
township for the next 10 to 20 years.
This document discusses sustainable urban development and building greener cities. It covers topics like sustainability, community planning, green buildings, mass transit, and planning with nature. The goal of sustainability is to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. Sustainable community planning considers social, environmental, and economic impacts of policies. Tools like energy efficiency and conservation block grants can fund projects that reduce energy use and fossil fuel emissions.
The document discusses various topics related to town planning and planning concepts including:
- Definitions of town planning and the role of planners
- The planning process including identification of problems, data collection/analysis, forecasting, implementation, and review
- Types of surveys including regional, town, land use, density, and traffic surveys
- Different types of plans including structural, comprehensive, and developmental plans
Presentation makes an attempt to brief about the genesis, brief of preparing master plan for an urban settlement to rationalise the growth and development of any urban centre
The document discusses concepts and approaches for smart and sustainable cities. It provides context on global population growth and urbanization. Key points made include that cities are major economic drivers but also face issues like pollution, poverty and unsustainable resource use. The smart city mission in India aims to address these challenges by developing smart infrastructure and services in 100 selected cities. This will help optimize resource use, improve quality of life and make cities more sustainable and inclusive.
Jammu- IIA-Smart Cities -CONCEPTS AND APPAROACHES- 5-6-22.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
World is celebrating golden jubilee of the launching of World Environment Day. Making cities sustainable assumes importance on this day, which is dedicated to promote the wellbeing of the humanity, because cities are known to be major consumers of energy, resources and generators of waste. Cities have been relevant in the past and shall continue to drive nations in promoting economy, employment, services and amenities. However, development and environment remain anti-thesis. It will remain important how professionals work, operate and evolve and devolve their skills for minimizing the conflict and contradictions between the two to make human habitat more sustainable.
The Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) guidelines were updated in 2014 to accommodate changes in urban development since the original 1996 guidelines. The updated guidelines provide a framework for preparing spatial development plans at various levels from regional to local. It outlines approaches for sustainable planning, infrastructure planning, transportation planning, land use management, and other technical aspects of the planning process. The guidelines emphasize public participation, flexibility, and alignment of sectoral plans with overall master plans.
Sustainable Urban Planning-Issues and Options JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Urban India remains in crisis- crisis of population; crisis of poverty; crisis of pollution; crisis of unplanned development; crisis of infrastructures; crisis of services; crisis of affordable living. Genesis of all these crisis has roots in approach and options used for development of urban and rural settlements, which is done on different footing with priority going for urban areas .Despite getting major attention, resources, manpower, technology, cities remain in crisis for the reason majority of urban ills have their origin in the neglect of the rural India. If India, as a nation has to move forward, then its emancipation falls within the domain of Rural India, which needs to be made more productive, livable and qualitative duly supported by technology and state of art infrastructures besides making urban and rural India equal partners in all policy planning and programs for development. Regional Planning offers the best option to achieve the objective.
3.1.1 development control rules case studySachin PatiL
The document provides an overview of the Andhra Pradesh Building Rules - 2012. It discusses the purpose of building rules as a regulatory instrument for building activities and planned development. It outlines the key parameters regulated by the rules, including plot size, road width, setbacks, height restrictions, and more. It introduces revisions made in the 2012 rules, such as a single table establishing norms for all types of buildings, rationalized setbacks for smaller plots, and provisions for maintaining greenery. The document also discusses restrictions and clearances required for building activities near areas like railways, airports, defense establishments, and religious structures.
The OECD Regional Sustainable Development Division is working on a project on Resilient Cities. This is the overview by Setsuko Saya, Head of Regional Sustainable Development, OECD.
www.oecd.org/regional/regional-policy/
Paper looks critically and objectively, the role and importance of Master Plans in Rationalising the development of cities, issues created and options to make it a better master plan
The document discusses India's Smart Cities Mission. It defines a smart city as having basic infrastructure and using smart solutions to improve services. The mission aims to provide infrastructure, improve quality of life, and apply smart and sustainable solutions. Cities will develop areas using three models: retrofitting existing areas, redeveloping areas over 50 acres, and developing new greenfield sites. Smart solutions involve using IT to improve services like water management. The selection process involves cities competing within and across states. Most investment will go toward area development, urban mobility, and economic development projects. Implementation is ongoing, with continued growth in project tenders, grounding, and completions over time.
This document discusses transforming cities into smart cities by addressing opportunities, challenges, and risks. It begins by outlining international trends of population growth, urbanization, and the need for more sustainable cities. Transforming cities into smart cities is presented as a transformative process requiring inputs like technologies and tools that are transformed through approaches like stakeholder engagement and innovation to achieve outcomes like improved quality of life. The document then examines the technical, financial, economic, environmental, service delivery, social, institutional, and governance challenges to the transformation process. It also analyzes risks in the economic, social, technical, financial, environmental, and strategic areas. In closing, it provides remarks on defining a national vision and strategy, ensuring public policy coherence,
The document discusses the need for transit-oriented development (TOD) in Delhi and other Indian cities. It notes that while metro systems have been constructed, people still feel unsafe using public transit due to lack of last-mile connectivity, unsafe streets, and auto-centric urban planning that has made cities very vehicle-dependent. TOD aims to make public transit safer, faster and more convenient so that more people choose to use it over private vehicles. The document outlines the guiding principles of TOD, including reducing private vehicle use and prioritizing public transit, pedestrian, and cycling access. It presents norms and development control guidelines for TOD covering connectivity, street design, land use mix, density, and infrastructure standards to support the
1) The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) is an ambitious urban development program in India that aims to encourage reforms and fast-track development in identified cities.
2) JNNURM provides Rs. 50,000 crores in funding from the Government of India over 6 years (2006-2012) to be matched by cities and states, for a total planned investment of Rs. 1,50,000 crores.
3) IL&FS IDC Services offers assistance to state and local governments for project identification, structuring, financial closure, and monitoring under JNNURM and related urban development schemes.
what is smart city?
how make smart city?
why we need smart cities?
what the parameters of the smart cities?
world examples of smart cities
some problems and suggestions for Damascus city
An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages. Any portion of earth’s surface where physical conditions are homogeneous can be considered as a Region in geographic sense, ranging from a single feature region to compage, depending on the
criteria used for delineation. In practice, a prefix is added to highlight the attributes on which the region has been defined, for example, agriculture region, resource region, city region, planning region.
All the daily activities of human beings are carried out on land. Proper organization of these activities i.e. planning will help the human being in leading a richer and fuller life in livable surroundings or environment. "Planning" means the scientific, aesthetic, and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services with a view to securing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities.
Planning Laws - Its Implications for Urban Development JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Paper tries to analyse the role and importance of legal framework in the context of urban development and the need to make urban laws more rational, simple and supportive of the urban development.
Urban renewal involves the remodeling and rehabilitation of older urban areas through redevelopment, conservation, and redevelopment to address issues like inadequate housing, environmental degradation, and dilapidated infrastructure. It aims to improve living conditions and revitalize areas that have declined below standards. Common approaches include slum clearance, redevelopment, rehabilitation, housing improvement, conservation, and economic renewal projects. While originating in the US after World War 2, urban renewal is now practiced in Pakistan through local government programs that target both urban and surrounding rural settlements.
The document discusses urban infrastructure development in India and provides recommendations. It notes that India's urban population is projected to grow rapidly which will strain existing infrastructure. Current infrastructure faces issues like inadequate water supply, sewage treatment, and solid waste management. Recommendations include building urban infrastructure capacity, shifting to performance-based maintenance contracts, creating regional infrastructure funds, and monetizing underutilized public lands to fund development. A case study of Delhi highlights opportunities to optimize land use through measures like reducing the land allocated to ceremonial areas and relocating unused facilities.
Planning Legislation in India (Town Planning)S.P. Sharma
The document discusses various town planning legislation in India, highlighting their importance and key aspects. It covers:
1) The Sanitary Commission of 1864 which was formed to oversee sanitation and public health in cities and address issues like epidemics.
2) The Bombay Improvement Act of 1898 which established improvement trusts to undertake slum removal and sanitation works.
3) The Bombay Town Planning Act of 1915 which was India's first town planning law conferring powers on local authorities to control future growth and prevent slums.
4) The Model Town and Country Planning Act of 1960 which provided a framework for state legislation on planning authorities, master plans, and land use regulation.
A master plan or a development plan or a town plan may be
defined as a
general plan for the future layout of a city showing both the existing and
proposed streets or roads, open spaces, public buildings etc. A master
plan is prepared either for improvement of an old city or for a new
town to be developed on a virgin soil. A master plan is a blueprint for the
future. It is an comprehensive document, long-range in its view, that
is intended to guide development in the
township for the next 10 to 20 years.
This document discusses sustainable urban development and building greener cities. It covers topics like sustainability, community planning, green buildings, mass transit, and planning with nature. The goal of sustainability is to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. Sustainable community planning considers social, environmental, and economic impacts of policies. Tools like energy efficiency and conservation block grants can fund projects that reduce energy use and fossil fuel emissions.
The document discusses various topics related to town planning and planning concepts including:
- Definitions of town planning and the role of planners
- The planning process including identification of problems, data collection/analysis, forecasting, implementation, and review
- Types of surveys including regional, town, land use, density, and traffic surveys
- Different types of plans including structural, comprehensive, and developmental plans
Presentation makes an attempt to brief about the genesis, brief of preparing master plan for an urban settlement to rationalise the growth and development of any urban centre
The document discusses concepts and approaches for smart and sustainable cities. It provides context on global population growth and urbanization. Key points made include that cities are major economic drivers but also face issues like pollution, poverty and unsustainable resource use. The smart city mission in India aims to address these challenges by developing smart infrastructure and services in 100 selected cities. This will help optimize resource use, improve quality of life and make cities more sustainable and inclusive.
Jammu- IIA-Smart Cities -CONCEPTS AND APPAROACHES- 5-6-22.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
World is celebrating golden jubilee of the launching of World Environment Day. Making cities sustainable assumes importance on this day, which is dedicated to promote the wellbeing of the humanity, because cities are known to be major consumers of energy, resources and generators of waste. Cities have been relevant in the past and shall continue to drive nations in promoting economy, employment, services and amenities. However, development and environment remain anti-thesis. It will remain important how professionals work, operate and evolve and devolve their skills for minimizing the conflict and contradictions between the two to make human habitat more sustainable.
Cities and civilizations remain
synonymous. Cities remain unique, different and distinct. Cities existed in the past, they exist now and they shall continue to dominate the future of human journey on this planet earth. No two cities are same. Each city has its paces of strength and weaknesses. Making any city great, ,has genesis in understanding its uniqueness and making optimum use and build on its strength; overcoming the existing weaknesses; creating opportunities for its orderly growth and overcome possible challenges which may emerge in its march to become great. Cities must be owned by people and city must own its people. we need co-operative cities and not smart and sky scrapper cities. People would need cities which provides them safety and basic amenities of life, make them happy and healthy. City must create options for providing best possible living to its people; create options for appropriate working; make people happy and healthy; both physically and mentally and make them travel only when needed and that too on a limited scale. Following this order of planning can surely enhance the credibility and operational efficiency of the cities. Planning cities, using nature and natural elements of Sun, Space and Greenery can help in making cities wonderful and healthy places to live and work. Cities must identify, preserve, manage, protect and manage its Heritage, as integral part of its growth and development to make it connect with past glory. Agra needs to be made, promoted and declared as a heritage city to showcase its past glory and make it integral part of future growth and development. Ignoring and damaging its heritage, which lead to chaos and anarchy. Agra must come out with its own charter of growth and development to retain
not only its past glory but also charter an agenda of its glorious future growth.
Infrastructures and services are known to be the backbone of any human settlement . They are known to be determinant of the quality of life and operational efficiency of any city. They are also the one regulating the productivity of the city. Infra remain vital for all the urban residents , communities, city and the state. Accordingly, it becomes important that infrastructures on prescribed norms and standards are made available in both quantity and quality in the human habitation. Providing Infra requires lot of resources and technology know how. Accordingly adequate provision in the budget of urban local bodies need to be provided. in addition to providing infra and services, it is critical that they are also maintained properly. Key issues in the infra is the delivery of services. Government must involve private sector in providing services. Services charges also have to be rational to make them affordable. Providing services and infra remains a difficult and innovative option. It offers both a challenge and an opportunity. All ULBs must ensure adequate services of appropriate quality to all its citizens , even poorest of poor, to lead a dignified living.
This document discusses global and Indian population trends, urbanization rates, and issues related to urban infrastructure development. Some key points:
- World population has grown rapidly from 1 billion in 1804 to over 7 billion currently, and is projected to reach 8-11 billion by 2050. India surpassed China as the world's most populous country in 2023.
- India's population grew from 250 million in 1919 to over 1.2 billion in 2011. By 2050, 50% of India's population is projected to live in urban areas. Many cities are growing rapidly but face infrastructure challenges.
- Urban areas will be critical for India's economic growth but most cities face issues like lack of adequate housing
Making Ludhiana Smart- Concepts, Issues and Options JIT KUMAR GUPTA
This document discusses plans to make Ludhiana, India a smart city by addressing several issues and providing solutions. Key points include:
- Ludhiana faces issues like unplanned development, pollution, lack of infrastructure and open spaces
- The vision is to make Ludhiana a zero-waste, green, and slum-free city that is a model for urban governance and development
- Solutions proposed include replanning the city on a regional scale, improving governance through a single planning authority, boosting finances, and prioritizing public transport and pedestrian access over personal vehicles.
Redefining and Rationalising Development Controls -Issues and OptionsJIT KUMAR GUPTA
ppt defines, details role, relevance, criticality, importance of Development Controls in the parlance of urban planning, development, governance, management. Text defines the typologies of development controls made applicable in urban context, their role and impact on cities and built environment. As definer of the personality of the city and considering their physical, social, economic and environmental implications on urban development and quality of built environment; development controls need to be defined with care and caution. They should be seen and framed as promoters of development rather than controllers of urban development. They should be framed with the goal of ushering an era of sustainability, livability, land conservation, resource conservation and making planet earth more livable and qualitative. development controls should remain resource led; sustainable led and led by optimisation of available resources for achieving the agenda defined in SDGs
This document discusses making cities more "spongy" to better manage stormwater and flooding. It defines a spongy city as one planned and designed to retain, clean, and reuse stormwater using various techniques. The principles of spongy cities are to retain rather than drain rainwater and focus on effective water management by absorbing water during plenty and supplying it during deficits. Essentials for spongy cities include creating open green spaces, promoting green roofs/walls, adopting porous designs, and using nature-based solutions. Challenges include high land costs, restrictive development norms, and lack of awareness; smart technologies can help address some challenges by identifying flood-prone areas and mapping water systems.
Redefining Planning Through Planning EducationJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to showcase the relationship between quality of planning Education and quality of education, challenges faced by the profession and option which need to be exercised to make education more qualitative and responsive the challenges faced.
Building Carbon neutral Cities Through Green RoofJIT KUMAR GUPTA
building are known to be largest consumers of enrgy, resources, water and generators of waste. They consume largest energy and responsible for climate change and global warming. Within buildings roof area remains the arae which is most unused, abused and misused space, which can be effectively leveraged to minimise the adverse impact of buildings on resources, energy, climate change etc. It can cool the buildings, bring down the energy use, make cities free from disasters and do large number of positivity to buildinga, climate, environment . Green roofs remains an area, potential of which remains largely unexplored. It needs to studied, analysed with policy options evolved to make it a distict reality in the buildings
Presentation details the context, role and importance of both hard and soft infrastructure in making the human living more qualitative, productive, effective and efficient; briefs about the current status of infrastructure in urban India, roadblocks faced by institutions involved in the development of the cities in providing infrastructure and options to create appropriate level of infrastructures in urban India in order to make India a role model of urban development and making India third ranked global economy.
Presentation focuses on defining the context of sustainable development, urbanisation in the Global and Indian context, positivities and negativities of urbanisation and the crisis created by urbanisation
Ppt looks at the context if cities, problems faced/created by cities and options to make cities more sustainable- using mechanism of planned development, compact city,Regional Planning, green mobility, greening cities, technologies, leadership and creating accountability with responsibility
Poverty remans the greatest curse on humanity . Getting out of poverty would require empowering human beings through skilling and education, providing opportunities to explore options for employment, making available resources and holding hand for alleviating poverty. Presentation focus on how to leverage urban planning in empowering urbanites to overcome poverty.
This document provides information about population growth trends globally and in India. It discusses India's rising population, with projections that India will become the most populated country by 2036. It also examines population distribution in India between rural and urban areas. The document outlines problems faced in rural India like poverty, lack of infrastructure and services. It emphasizes the importance of rural areas and villages for India's growth and addresses the need for village planning to provide basic amenities and livelihood opportunities. The document proposes a methodology for participatory village planning involving surveys, consultation with residents, and preparation of a development plan addressing issues like housing, water, sanitation, roads and community facilities.
The document discusses strategies for preventing melting cities in India. It covers several topics:
- The UN definition of cities and their dual nature of bringing out the best and worst in humanity.
- India's rapid population growth and urbanization, with over 50% expected to live in urban areas by 2050.
- Issues with urbanization like unplanned development, slums, and poor quality of life.
- The need for smart, compact cities with rational planning, public transportation, technologies, and strong leadership.
Need for Convergence in Planning and Implementation Across all MISSIONSJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is a brief attempt to showcase the need and importance of convergence of planning and implementation of all the urban missions in order to achieve holistic development of the urban centres in India and to launch Urban India on fast trajectory of Urban revitalisation. It needs to be expanded further to make it more extensive and meaningful
Cities of the future will have to be viewed, considered, planned, designed, constructed and managed based on consideration of sustainability, inclusiveness, safety and security. Cities will have to be role model of conserving land, minimizing the the consumption of energy; making cities water neutral , zero waste, material efficient. Promoting, preserving and making value addition to Climate, environment , ecology and bio-diversity shall be the underlying philosophy of urban planning. Cities will be planned to meet the basic needs of all inhabitants and not their greed. Cities will be held in the co-operative ownership eliminating individual ownership. Cities will be mandated to meet all the basic needs of human living including shelter, food, employment , clothing, education and healthcare. Poorest of the poor will have all the basic amenities. Unplanned, haphazard and sub-standard development will have no place in the city development. Technology will be used for promoting efficiency, economy, productivity and transparency in decision making and working besides connecting communities . Cities will be managed by professionals- architects, planners and engineers and not be bureaucrats, having no knowledge and understanding of the urban development. Cities will create ownership and commitment on the part of all stakeholders. each city will have a well defined vision and mission to achieve. Local governance will have precedent over state's dictates and policies.
Presentation looks at the role, relevance and importance of the cities in polluting environment, generating waste, consuming energy, creating large footprints of buildings and making cities unsustainable. Presentation looks at the issues, genesis of problems of sustainability and suggest options to make them environment friendly, energy/resource efficient, making value addition to environment and ecology and to become a serious partner in making planet earth more liveable and sustainable.
Ähnlich wie Smart cities- Concepts & Approaches (20)
Heritage Conservation.Strategies and Options for Preserving India HeritageJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation looks at the role , relevance and importance of built and natural heritage, issues faced by heritage in the Indian context and options which can be leveraged to preserve and conserve the heritage.It also lists the challenges faced by the heritage due to rapid urbanisation, land speculation and commercialisation in the urban areas. In addition, ppt lays down the roadmap for the preservation, conservation and making value addition to the available heritage by making it integral part of the planning , designing and management of the human settlements.
Role and Relevance of Architects and architecture in SustainabilityJIT KUMAR GUPTA
This brief text on Role, Relevance and importance of Architects and profession of Architecture in making this world and human settlements more livable, climate responsive and sustainable has been prepared as commitment of the professionals and profession of Architects on this World Environment Day ; June 5th , 2024 , with the hope that profession would be understood, valued ,appreciated and empowered in the right context for enabling it play its designated role in making built environment qualitative, cost-effective, energy-efficient, eco-friendly, safe and sustainable.
Bridging gap between resources and responsibilities at Local level.JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Text refers to need, role, relevance and importance of empowering urban local bodies by bridging gap between resources available and responsibilities bestowed, for enabling ULBs to operate and function as institutions of local governance more effectively and efficiently.
Construction Industry Through Artificial Intelligence -.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Considering the role, relevance and importance of construction sector in promoting economy, generating employment and creating wealth besides providing infrastructures and amenities, there is need to make the sector more effective, efficient, productive and sustainable. Driven manually, construction sector remains in the slow lane of creating quality built environment which are cost-effective, energy efficient, least consumers of resources and generators of waste. Artificial intelligence can help and empower the construction to make it more valuable, productive and qualitative besides supportive of environment and ecology. However, construction sector must be ready to co-operate and collaborate with IT industry to look for options and opportunities to make construction sector more qualitative and productive. Majority of urban ills and climate related issues can be resolved if Artificial intelligence can be embedded as integral part of the construction industry right prom planning, designing, construction, operation and management of the built environment and infrastructures. Communities and nations will save lot of valuable non-renewable resources if the construction sector is transformed from human led to technology led by the induction of Artificial intelligence. However, Construction industry has to search the areas where Artificial intelligence can be used effectively and intelligently.
Making Urban India a Role Model of Planned Urban Growth a.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Known for productivity, promoting economy, employment and innovations cities, when properly planned, rationally developed and professionally managed, have been labelled and recognized as engines of economic growth. Prosperity and urbanisation are known to have positive co-relation with rational urbanisation, leveraging growth and development of any community, city, state and region. In majority of developing countries, where urbanisation remains unregulated, forced largely by rural push and less by urban pull, cities invariably remain in crisis, crisis of population, crisis of poverty, crisis of development and management. Cities need to be cared ,incentivized, empowered and made more productive, effective, efficient and humane.
Redefining Globalization, urbanisation and LocalisationJIT KUMAR GUPTA
If cities are to made more livable, humane and productive, it is time that intent, contents and scope of globalization must be revisited and reviewed, both critically and objectively. Globalisation would need redefinition for promoting universality and inclusiveness among people and nations to have basic amenities and quality of life for all its residents , including poorest of the poor to lead a dignified life. Failure to redefine globalization, rationalise urbanisation, restore localization empowering poor and promoting universalisation and inclusivity; will invariably lead to making SDGs merely a paper exercise. In addition, making the world, cities and communities sustainable, livable, safe and inclusive, would remain merely a dream and a mirage, for future generations and communities, making planet earth as their preferred place of residence.
Knowing, Understanding and Planning Cities- Role and Relevance Physical Plan...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cities are known for its complexities and operational inefficiencies. cities remain dynamic ,ever evolving, ever devolving, never static and never finite.
All cities remain different, distinct, unique and universal. No two cities are similar. Each city has its own strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Accordingly, problem faced by any city cannot be viewed, dissected, analyzed and enumerated, while sitting within the four walls of the air-conditioned rooms and by the so called intellectual sitting in the so called offices determining the future of cities and towns. Neither the cities can be made more rational by limited knowledge agencies providing consultancy to cities , states and nations.
For realistically and rationally understanding, analyzing the cities and having simple, cost-effective and quality solutions to the problems and challenges faced , Cities have to be walked through and concerns of the various communities have to be properly understood and appreciated.
Prime reason for inability and lack of capacity on the part of majority of physical planners, engaged in the art and science of planning, designing and developing the cities, to address the issues and challenges faced by cities , realistically and rationally, has genesis in the lack of understanding of the origin, growth and development of cities.
Lack of capacity in majority of town planners, has roots in the quality of education imparted and seriousness and commitment on the part of both teachers and taught involved. As it stands today, majority of institutions involved in imparting education in planning are being run on an ad-hoc manner and by proxy. Only few institutions have regular teachers and regular students. Majority of planning institutions are being run on proxy with proxy students and proxy teachers. Education system including curricula used for teaching, needs, review, revision and redefinition to make it more relevant to rational for addressing the issues and challenges faced by the cities and towns.
Land as a Resource for urban finanace- 24-1-23.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
PPt tries to brief Land, as a gift of nature, is being grossly misused, abused , manipulated Land is globally used for providing platform for all human driven activities, based on living, working, culture of body/ mind and travel.
Limited availability, coupled with large number of human beings trying to source land, has invariably created large demand for land resource for human consumption. Land, in urban context, is required for meeting the specific needs of urban dwellers for residential, commercial, institutional, recreational, travel& traffic purposes besides providing space for infrastructures , amenities, services, trade and commerce etc. Land in urban context remains under large demand and command high price due to concentration of large population in small physical area, with stakeholders making competing claims.Rapid and uncontrolled growth in population experienced by urban areas has adversely impacted and generated considerable pressure on land resource in cities and towns , leading to large scale conversion, sub-division and illegal occupation of urban land. Unregulated and regulated pressure on land has largely been met by means of both formal/informal sub-division and development of land. Growth of the urban settlements and entire mechanism of urban planning and development remains land based/ land focused. In order to make optimum use of land resource on 24x7x365; making city planning, growth, development and management ,both rational. realistic, orderly and promoter of quality living, it will be critical and essential, that all ULBs are made to focus on eliminating culture and practices promoting un-authorized/ illegal sub-division of land for ushering an environment and era of planned urban development in the cities. Land needs to be effectively leveraged to generate resources for ULBs to make cities vibrant.
COST-EFFETIVE and Energy Efficient BUILDINGS ptxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Built environment is known for its capacity, capability, role, relevance and importance to change the quality of life of the occupants and communities. Presentation focuses on options which need to be leveraged to make buildings sustainable, cost-effective, energy efficient, resource efficient, qualitative over its entire life-cycle through designing, construction, operation. It calls for making buildings green and sustainable.
Making Buildings cost-effective , Energy Efficient ptxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation focuses on options which need to be leveraged to make buildings sustainable, cost-effective, energy efficient, resource efficient, qualitative over its entire life-cycle
Ppt briefs about role, relevance, importance of the rating systems applicable in India, criteria used in assessing
greeness, weightage allocated, , brief of how these rating systems are applied, parameters involved; weightage granted, levels of rating granted , incentives given by states for green rated buildings and brief of suggestions, how to make rating system more effective, efficient, objective and transparent.
The phenomenon of global warming remains more pronounced in the urban areas, for the reason cities house large concentration of people and activities in a small/compact urban space.Densely-built downtown areas tend to be warmer than suburban residential areas or rural areas.. UHI not only raises urban temperatures but also increases ozone concentrations because ozone is a greenhouse gas whose formation will accelerate with the temperature. Tokyo, an example of an urban heat island. Normal temperatures of Tokyo go up higher than those of the surrounding area. However, it needs to be understood and appreciated that climate change is not the cause of urban heat islands but it is causing more frequent and more intense heat waves which in turn amplify the urban heat island effect in cities. Major reasons for ever growing global warming and climate change can be attributed to the; Nature and natural; Human-Driven; population; Rapid Urbanisation; Irrational Urban planning; High Density; Inefficient Transportation ;Large generation/consumption of fossil fuel based Energy; Unsustainable Buildings; Polluting Industry & Manufacturing; Unsustainable Agriculture; Irrational Development; Large scale Deforestation; Lack of open spaces and individual life-choices;
Making and Unmaking of Chandigarh - A City of Two Plans2-4-24.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is a narrative of a
capital city- known for its innovative planning, designing, construction and management of a new capital . It briefs about the principles used in the planning and designing of city -by the first team of planners led by Albert Mayer and Mathew Nowicki-- followed by the second team led by Le- Corbusier, P Jenerette, Jane B Drew , Maxwell Fry. It also details about the various aspects of the city planning, planning of the sector as a neighbourhood, typologies of
various developmental controls used for regulating the construction of buildings. Innovations used for regulating the growth and development of periphery; redensification of city in case city exceeds its planned population of half a million, creating a narrative of city and periphery, innovative landscaping, defining an edict for the city to educate the future citizens of the capital city to safeguard the future growth and development besides lessons learnt from planning and designing the new cities.
Planning and Designing Green buildings-.issues, options and strategiesJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Affordability and sustainable development are considered anti-thesis across the world. Generally there exists conflict between the approach to sustainable built environment and affordable buildings. Sustainable development is considered more expensive. According to Middleton, ‘Sustainability and affordability aren’t mutually exclusive goals. It’s not about adding extra, but thinking more carefully about the design of buildings and incorporating technologies that can offset the rising costs of energy, water and other services. Affordability and sustainability are known to fit together perfectly’.
Through excellent design, buildings can be made more sustainable and affordable. Smaller the footprint of buildings, lower will be the upfront costs and embodied energy and lower shall be the running costs of buildings. Looking at the entire context of health, rising cost of amenities/services; Sustainable/Green designs are now being increasingly adopted, to make built environment more cost-effective and affordable. Considering the enormous amount of built environment to be created, India will have no option but to tread the path of sustainability and sustainable development in the built environment. Sustainable built environment would also help in and go a long way in achieving the majority of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals for the reason, built environment is known to be the largest consumer of energy, avoid wasteful use of resources and minimise generation of waste. Global sustainability will be largely contingent upon how effectively and efficiently we can make our buildings sustainable and qualitative through innovative/green design solutions based on local climate and culture, valuing site planning, embedding orientation, cross ventilation, using renewable/waste materials and involving state of the art building technologies.
_Neighborhood Planning in Capital City of Chandigarh- An Appraisal (2) - Copy...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Neighborhood as an idea, concept, option and strategy has been extensively used locally and globally by the Urban Planners to plan and decentralize cities, create cities within cities, promote self-contained communities and to make cities more humane, safe and socially vibrant. Neighborhood has also been used recently to define the city in terms of travel time - making 10/15 minutes city
Accordingly, large typologies of NH ,in terms of planning and designing , with varying shapes, sizes and contents have emerged in the urban context. Americans have used superblock and French using Sector for defining the neighborhood. Despite distinct advantages, holding high degree of relevance in urban and local area planning , NH planning has not been able to deliver the envisioned objectives of safety and social vibrancy. Cities in the process have been socially, economically and physically fragmented, leading to clear division of cities into different communities with little economical and social connectivity. Variance of planning and designing norms followed at NH and sub-neighborhood levels have promoted more dichotomy and contradictions with varying quality of life inducted at local level. Differential population and infrastructures have divided the city into the categories of high/low end NH units. Fabric and morphology of cities, in large cases, has been distorted with urban settlement emerging as a distinct social map of communities graded economically and socially,on the basis of area/location . In the process, the way NH planning concept has been used, neighborhood planning has emerged as an instrument of social and economic segregation/division. In fact in number of cases, concept has been used, misused, abused in intent and content to divide the cities into distinct social and economic layers. Instead of unifying , concept has led to division of cities.
Genesis of modern application of NH can be found in the planning and designing of Chandigarh where entire city fabric of capital city was woven around Sector as the basic unit of planning, concptulasied as self-contained and self-sustaining unit at the local level. However, the way sectors have been planned, it has led to dividing the cities into different and distinct communities. Individual status in Chandigarh can be judged from his/her residence. Concept of Sector has done more damage than good to the fabric of the city. Chandigarh is likely to face considerable problem in making city socially and economically cohesive/vibrant,. Sectors in Chandigarh remain anti-thesis to the basic concept of NH planning of safety, involving walkability, vehicular movement, putting commercial space in the centre. Considering role, relevance, importance and usability , NH needs to be planned, designed with care and caution, in order to make cities socially and economically vibrant, inclusive. NH planning deserves a new definition and approach to make it relevant and rational.
Reviewing, Revising and Redefining Master Plans and Development Plans to Ma...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Looking at its efficacy and efficiency, it can be seen and observed that Master Plans/ Development Plans have done more damage than good for the planned growth and development of the cities to which they have been made applicable. These plans have been violated with impunity both by the people, communities, cities and parastatal agencies; for the betterment/welfare of which these plans were prepared. These plans have been visualized as controller of development rather than promoters of development. Instead of planned development , these plans have been usherers of the unplanned development. These plans are known to be responsible for promoting large number of slums besides making quality of life poor for majority of the urban inhabitants. Cities under Master Plans are also known to promote exclusion rather than inclusion. Master Plans/Development Plans are known to promote prosperity for few and marginalize the large proportions of the local community by making them poor. Instead of catering to urban dynamism, Master Plans/Development Plans try to freeze the city, for next two decades, to which it is made to serve. Accordingly, these plans need to be reviewed , rationalised, revised and redefined to make them better Master Plans/Development Plans
Rationalizing the Planned Growth of Urban India- paper.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Rapid and uncontrolled growth in population experienced by urban areas has adversely impacted and generated considerable pressure on land resource in cities and towns , leading to large scale conversion, sub-division and illegal occupation of urban land. Unregulated and regulated pressure on land has largely been met by means of both formal/informal sub-division and development of land. Growth of the urban settlements and entire mechanism of urban planning and development remains land based/ land focused, based on a strategy of sub-division of the land, dictated by the economic forces prevailing in the market. Irrational and ineffective public policies of urban planning and land sub-division, devoid of prevailing ground realities, have turned out to be incompatible with the demands of urban expansion, leading to large scale un-authorized and illegal sub-division of land. In the process, valuable land resources, gift of nature, has been misused, abused and mutilated in this race of uncontrolled and irrational urbanisation. In order to make optimum use of land resource; making city planning, growth, development and management ,both rational. realistic, orderly and promoter of quality living, it will be critical and essential, that all urban centres are made to focus on eliminating the culture and practices promoting un-authorized/illegal sub-division of land for ushering an environment and era of planned urban development in the country.
Suggestion and Options for integrating villages. within the framework of the...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Preparing Master Plans/Development Plans for any urban settlements, basically and essentially, involves declaring a planning area for which the said long term plans are prepared. Planning area invariably includes and involves, number of rural settlements, which comprise of the planning area besides the urban settlement. It has been observed that in majority of cases, while detailed studies and analysis are carried out of the urban settlements but villages in the study and analysis remain marginalized, diluted and muted. Despite the fact, villages have critical role in the rational development of the urban settlement, but in preparing Master Plans their role and relevance is not made part of the said plan. Accordingly, this text tries to bring out the typologies of villages falling in the planning area and the suggested framework to develop these villages in making Master Plans, better Master Plan. In order to improve Master Plan qualitatively, quantitively, both in intent, contents and scope, It will be appropriate that all the villages falling in the planning area must be studied , analyzed and made integral part of the final outcome of the proposals of Master Plan. In-fact one Chapter must be exclusively dedicated to detail out the issues faced by the Villages and options which can be leveraged to promote the rational growth of villages ,as an integral part of the long term development of the urban settlement , for which the Master Plan is being prepared. This will help not only in integrating the urban- rural settlements falling in the planning area, but would also go a long way in promoting and ensuring rational growth and development of the urban settlement, for which the Master Plan is being prepared.
Making cities Climate Responsive and SustainableJIT KUMAR GUPTA
“Decarbonization” of cities ,as an issue ,as an option and as a strategy , has been gaining currency in the parlance of; making planet earth livable and sustainable. “Decarbonization has been globally valued for keeping the global temperature below 1.5C, and achieving the agenda and goals defined in the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, defined by UN for achieving universal sustainability. Despite distinct role and relevance, criticality and importance of decarbonization of cities has neither been properly understood and appreciated nor made integral part of the architectural practice and art and science of designing and construction of buildings. Consuming one -third of global energy (33%) and generating 39% of greenhouse gas emissions buildings have been considered as the major player in the domain of climate change and global warming. Since Architects and Architecture are
actively involved in the making and unmaking of buildings, accordingly it becomes important that planners and architects must play a significant role in making
cities and buildings least consumers of energy and generators of the minimum greenhouse gas emissions. This objective can be achieved if decarbonizing cities/buildings is made a distinct reality . Issue of decarbonizing the cities/buildings assumes importance for the reason, that world’s building floorspace is likely to be become double by the year 2060, with the addition of large number of newcities/ buildings due to rapid urbanization, population growth and economic development ; required for catering to
to the needs of additional population opting for urban living.
Managing Planning and Development of Citie- 26-2-24.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cities in India are known to be in perpetual crisis; facing numerous crises in terms of; crisis of rational growth, crisis of orderly and planned development; crisis of effective and efficient urban management; crisis of making provision of basic infrastructure and services; crisis of climate change; crisis of global warming; crisis of poverty, pollution and population and crisis of making human living and prevailing environment qualitative. These urban crises have genesis in the fact that cities in India, lack ownership, command, authority and lack of willingness to run and manage cities professionally and objectively. In majority of cases, cities in India are run by proxy. In terms of physical growth and development; large cities are marked by multiplicity of agencies claiming right/ownership of development over the urban areas, whereas smaller cities face absence of such ownership and are made to run, operate and function like orphans
2. Cities and their Context
• Cities have been part of human history.
• - Cities- known to command power and authority
• .Cities- known for both -- positivity and negativities
• Cities -- known for their dualities and contradictions
• Cities -- known to be areas of concentration of population/
activities, infrastructures, services, healthcare, education
• Cities -- known to be Engines of economic growth-70%
• Cities - generators of employment , wealth and prosperity,
• Cities – also known for their negativities,
• – where rich and poor rub shoulders-
• Cities – large consumers of resources/energy/ land
• Cities- generators of 70% waste
• Cities – consuming 60% global energy generating 70% of
carbon footprints-
• Cities largely responsible for global warming-
3. Cities and their Context
• Cities- remain a manmade , mechanical habitat
• Cities- destroy natural habitat-anti-thesis to bio-diversity
• Cities- known to be creator of best/ worst living
conditions- housing both rich and poor
• Cities- home to large migrants
• Cities- home to slums
• Cities- remain in crisis- natural and manmade
• Crisis-- of population, poverty, pollution
• Cities – ever evolving and devolving, never static
• Cities – will remain dominant in future
• Cities- drivers of nation’s future
• However Cities - need rationalization
• Cities --need to be made more-- bio-diverse; productive,
effective, efficient, humane, livable, inclusive, safe,
Resilient ,sustainable, Healthy place to live /work
8. Indian Urbanization
• 250 million in 1919
• 1210 million in 2011
• 2050- Indian population- 1600 mil. -- 50%
in Urban India.
• Metropolitan Centres -5 (1951)- -53 (2011)-
68(2031)
• 10 m plus- nil (1951)- 3 (2011) -7 (2031)-9
(2051)
• During last 100 years, India witnessed—
- -Urbanization level going up by 3 times
- --Urban settlements growing merely 4
times
- --Total Population multiplying 5 times
- -Urban population increasing 15 times and
- -Rural population increasing 3.5 times
- India heading to be most populated
country on this planet-2036
9. URBAN INDIA- 2030- Mckinsey Global Inst-
• India Urban Awakening :Building Inclusive Cities-
Report- April, 2010 -- by 2030:
• 590 m to live in Urban India- twice the US population
• 70% GDP generated by cities
• 80% Revenue generated by cities
• 4 fold increase in per capita income
• 5 times the number by which GDP would multiply
• 270 million net increase in working age group
• 70% of new jobs(170 mil) generated in cities
• 91 M urban households will be middle class-- up from 22 M
• 68 Cities will be Metropolises-Europe has 35 only
• $ 1.2T capital needed to meet projected infrastructure demand
• 700-900 million Sqmts of residential/ commercial area needed
annually- a new Chicago to be created
• 2.5 b Sqmts roads paved-20times created in last decade
• 7400km (350-400 km/year) of metro needed -20times created in last
decade
• 200 million Rural Indians to benefit-living close to top 70 cities
• 75%urban India to live in bottom segment -earning Rs 80 per day
10. Indian Urbanization
• Urban area important because they will be :
Areas of concentration of population,
Providers of large employment.
Areas of large investment.
Housing major infrastructure & services.
Hub around which entire economy gravitates.
Promoters of higher order of productivity
• Major contributors to the national wealth/GDP
1950-51 - 29% (level of urbanization - 17.29%)
1970-71- 37% (level of urbanization - 19.91%)
1990-91- 50% (level of urbanization - 25.72%)
2001-02- 60% (level of urbanization - 27.78%)
2011- 12- 65% (level of urbanization - 31.1%)
10 Largest cities house 8%pop and produce 15%GDP
53 Metro cities house 13 %pop and produce 33%GDP
100 Largest cities house 16%pop and produce 43%GDP
11. Urbanization-issues
• Urban centers :
Poorly planned, developed managed and governed.
Unable to meet challenges of urban dynamism
Haphazard /Unplanned pattern of development.
Enormous growth of slums
• Poor quality of life
• largely unhealthy-House large polluting gases of NO, O3,
Co2,SO2 suspended particulate
• -98% cities in low& low/middle countries / 56% in high
income economies do not meet air quality –WHO norms
• 6 million people died -due to air pollution-2019-20
• Cities Remain unsafe
• Cities -- Remain water stressed
• Unable to meet basic needs of
• -Shelter
• --Services ,
• --Sanitation
12. Urbanization-issues
• Cities--Have acute shortage of green spaces
• Remain prone to disasters- natural and manmade
• Create large heat island- leading to temperature rise
of 2-4 degree during day and up to 10 C at night
• Perpetually suffering from problems of traffic and
transportation
• Promoting exclusion
• Creating dichotomy between rich and poor
• Remain unsustainable- largely dependent on rural
hinterland for day to day needs
• Remain large consumer of energy / resources
• Remain polluter of environment / destroyer of bio-
diversity
• Indian Urbanization rightly called :
Urbanization of Population
Urbanization of Poverty
Urbanization of Pollution
18. Why Smart Cities Are Important
• 54% of the world’s population lives in cities
• 2.5 billion to join urban are
• as in next 3 decades.
• need to manage environmental,--
• social /economic sustainability of resources.
• Smart cities allow ;--citizens / local authorities
--to work together -- launch initiatives
• -- use smart technologies to --manage assets
/resources
• --Provide high quality of life to residents--
generate economic growth.
• -- delivering services with reduced infrastructure
costs.
19. How Smart Cities Work
• Smart cities follow four steps to improve-- quality of life -- promoting
economic growth
• Using --a network of connected IoT devices /other technologies.
• 1. Collection – Smart sensors gather real-time data
• 2. Analysis – to understand operation of City services
• 3. Communication – data to decision makers for action
• 4. Action – to improve operations, manage assets/ improve quality of life
of residents
• ICT framework brings together;
• -- real time data
• - connecting / engaging/ interacting with citizens /smart city ecosystems
• -- using mobile devices /connected vehicles and buildings/ infrastructure
• -- makes operation cost- effective
• --improve sustainability
• -- streamline service delivery
• -- energy distribution / refuse collection,
• -- reduced traffic congestion
• --improved air quality.
21. Smart City Mission in India
• India launched a Mission to make 100 selected cities Smart
• First stage , state governments nominated potential cities
• Centre shortlisted 100.
• In August 2015 Govt. of India released the list of 98 cities, including
many state capitals.
• MOUD received proposals from 97 cities--- for beneficiaries of first
year financing from 2016
• selected top 20 from among them on 28 January 2016.
• Bhubaneswar topped the list followed by Pune and Jaipur
• Faridabad and Karnal selected as smart cities in Haryana.
• Amritsar, Ludhiana and Jalandhar selected as Smart cities in Punjab
• A total of ₹98000 Crores approved for development of:
• 100 smart cities and rejuvenation of 500 others.
• 48,000 Crores for Smart Cities mission and
• 50,000 Crores for the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban
Transformation(AMRUT)
22. Smart City Mission in India
• Smart Cities Mission ;
• urban renewal, green field and retrofitting program
• Launched by Government of India to develop 100 cities
• making them
• citizen friendly,
• people centric
• promoting sustainable and inclusive development
• providing basic amenities/ assured quality of life
• Through application of ‘Smart’ Solutions.
• To create a replicable model for other aspiring cities.
• Involving Green Field / Brown field development/ Pan city
approach
• Smart Cities Mission launched in June 2015.[
23. Smart City Mission in India
• Core infrastructure elements in a smart city include:
• i. Assuring adequate water supply,
• ii. assured electricity supply,
• iii. sanitation, including solid waste management,
• iv. efficient urban mobility and public transport,
• v. affordable housing, especially for poor,
• vi. robust IT connectivity and digitalization,
• vii. good governance-- e-Governance &citizen participation,
• viii. sustainable environment,
• ix.Promoting safety & security of citizens,
• --particularly women, children ; elderly,
• x. health & education.
.
24. Defining Smart Cities
• -- There exist number of definitions-- of a smart city. Smart city is defined
as a ;
• --“City that makes optimal use of
• -- all interconnected information available
• -- for better understanding & controlling its operations
• -to optimise use of limited resources.”
• in short, a smart city;
• -- uses a framework of ICT
• -- to create/ deploy / promote development practices
• -- to address urban challenges and
• -- create a technologically
• -enabled sustainable infrastructure.
26. Making Cities Great Places to Live
• Smart -- Visioning
• State of art --Planned Development
• Weaving nature-- with development
• Making cities-- Compact
• --Making cities-- Inclusive--Making Cities Safe
• --Leveraging-- Technology
• Making cities --Green/blue - Leveraging landscape/water
• -Leveraging-- Culture, Heritage, Art / Architecture
• -Creating Quality --Public Spaces
• -Designing low energy --Buildings
• -Making cities -- community/people centric
• -Creating -- ownership for city
• Reconnecting-- cities to food productivity
• - integrating agriculture into cities through holistic architecture-
Making Cities --Spongy- keeping large area open/ promote
rain water harvesting--ground water charging/reducing flooding
• Making informal sector- integral part of planning/develop.
27. New Order of Planning
- Inventing new order of planning
- Planning to focus on:
- - Synergizing urban - rural areas
-- Planning in Regional Context
--Reviewing planning tool
--Making cities compact
-Making cities land efficient
-Making cities resource efficient
--Planning cities for bio-diversity
-- Avoiding Urban Sprawl
-- Stopping melting of cities
--Making cities energy efficient
-- reducing carbon footprints
-- Reducing global warming
29. CO
BS
WO
RKING
LIVING
CIRCULATIO
N
• The Radiant City
•An organism capable of housing works of
man of machine-age society.
• placed under masterful government of
natural conditions:
•Sun
•Space
•Greenery
•And its mission is service of mankind:
•To live
•To work
•To cultivate body and spirit
•To travel about
(in this order and obeying this
hierarchy)
30. PLANNING COMPACT CITIES
Make cities compact by;
– promoting High-density development
-- adopting Transit oriented development
-- Raising Height and
-Rationalizing land uses
--Redefining Building bye-laws
-Building inside not outside
--- Building vertical not horizontal
--- Building High not low
--- Building mix not pure
---Building dense not shallow
----- optimizing current infrastructure.
.
35. Amazing Future Green City of
World –Musdar –Abu Dhabi-UAE
A city of 50,000population
City of no cars , no waste
Planned to make use of cool sea winds
Using solar energy on rooftop
Narrow streets shading houses
Total recycling of waste/water
working/ living area-- not farther
than200 mts from transportation nodes.
Electric powered light rail on elevated
track to permit easy transport between
Musdar and Abu Dhabi.
•for Intra-city travel people use
personal rapid transit pods (PRT) run on
magnetic tracks using electric power.
•Aim is to create:
Zero Carbon
Zero Waste
Zero Car city
36. TIANJIN- Master Plan
..
1. Land-use Planning –Making city compact, mix land uses and
Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)
2. Transport Planning -Green transport .—Large trips via public transport ;
bicycles and walking
3. Green and Blue Network Planning---extensive green
(vegetation) and blue (water) networks – for quality living /working
environment.
4. Water bodies --linked for circulation – enhancing ecology ,
environment , recreational activities.
5. A wastewater pond -rehabilitated /transformed into a clean/beautiful lake.
39. • MAJOR ISSUES:
•Heterogeneous Traffic
•increasing individual vehicle ownership;
•low road capacity;
•poor road geometry;
•large obsolete vehicular population;
• inefficient and inadequate public transportation;
• high environmental pollution;
• low priority for traffic planning; ;
•Low priority to bicycles and pedestrians
• poor traffic management;
• mismatch between vehicle density and road
capacity;
•multiplicity of agencies involved
• absence of unified traffic regulatory authority;
• acute problems of parking;
•high rates of accidents etc.
TRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIA
41. --Redefining approach to Land-use Planning.
-Redefining shape and size of cities
-Making cities compact
--Reordering prioritization of modes of travel
Planning for People-- not for vehicles
Promoting Accessibility-- Not Mobility
-Making public transport -more equitable,
reliable, affordable, safe, comfortable,
sustainable, energy/operationally efficient, cost-
effective, eco/ users friendly
•Equitable allocation of road space.
•Road Pricing
• Promoting intelligent/smart transportation
•Creating public awareness
•Involving communities/ stakeholders
•Deregistration of Old Vehicles
•Establishing effective regulatory/enforcement
mechanisms
SMART TRANSPORTATION
42. Defining Sustainable Transport
• Sustainable Transport --
• -- sometimes known as Green Transport
• -- form of transport that does not use / rely
on dwindling natural resources.
• -- relies on renewable /regenerated energy
• -- rather than fossil fuels that have a finite life
expectancy
43. •Promoting Bicycle-- as preferred
mode of travel for intra- city travel :
Most inexpensive
Most flexible
Environmental friendly
Zero pollution
Minimizing road tragedies
Zero Energy Vehicle
Occupying minimum road space
Requiring minimum Parking
Space
Promoting National Economy
Promoting Human Health
Reducing depletion of Non-
renewable resources
Best option for travelling over
short distance.
SMART TRANSPORTATION- CYCLING
50. BUILDINGS AS CONSUMERS OF RESOURCES
•Built environment impact environment / consumption of
resources:
16% of world’s fresh water withdrawal.
25% of wood harvested.
30% of consumption of raw material.
50% of global energy consumption.
35% of world's CO2 emission
40% of Municipal Solid Waste.
50% of Ozone depleting CFC’s still in use.
30% of residents having sick building syndrome
– ( Roodman and Lenssen, 1995)
•70% global warming--outcome of buildings / transportation
•Existing buildings--low concern for energy conservation.
•Considering annual addition of- 700-900msqmts-
•-- energy/ environment implications will be critical.
•Buildings need to be;
•- designed /constructed / operated /maintained
•--with utmost care /considerations for
•-- energy/ sustainability/resources
54. Daylighting
Local materials
Indian Way of approaching design
• Rediscovery of the Indian ethos
– We worship 5 elements of Nature (Panchabhutas)
Prithvi (Earth) Sustainable Sites
Jal (Water) Water Efficiency
Agni (Energy) Energy Efficiency
Vayu (Air) Indoor Environmental Quality
Akash (Sky) Daylight
Views
Water body
58. Greening Cities –
Available open space/person in India-2.7 sqm
Number of available trees/ person- Canada- 10,163
Number of available trees-India- very low-- 28 trees/person
- Need for Creating a network of interconnected Green parks/
spaces - 7 Trees / person
-Providing Green Space@ 9 Sqm/ pers
- Compensating all hard surfaces with greens within buildings
roofs/walls
-Greening Roofs/terraces/ Walls
-Preserving all natural areas
-Preserving water channels/ features/ Bio- Diversity
-Protecting existing flora/faun -Creating City Forests
- using derelict areas for greening
- Greening all low lying areas
- Declaring all existing trees as protected tree- Chandigarh
-Using local trees
66. Using Technologies for-
Urban Planning—Preparing/ Making
amendments in Master Plans/ Development
Plans
Managing Transportation-
Efficient Services--Monitoring /managing
delivery of services- water supply
--sensor based garbage bins
--Tackling noise
Promoting Accessibility- making payments on
line
Minimising Pollution--Tackling air pollution
Promoting Efficiency--creating platform for efficiency
--breaking silos-- lodging complaints/
Redressing Grievances--rendering services on line
67. Smart Technologies
• Using smart technologies for ;
• -- smart parking- to help find a parking space / allow for digital payment.
• -- smart traffic management-- to monitor traffic flows / optimise traffic
lights to reduce congestion/ride-sharing services / digital bus stops- bus
schedule -Managing Traffic/parking --Minimizing travel
• Promoting Energy conservation / environmental efficiencies- dimming
streetlights when roads are empty–
• -- improving operations /maintenance / planning to power supplies.
• -- Combat climate change / air pollution
• --waste management / sanitation -- rubbish collection, bins /fleet
management
• -- Promoting safety measures-- monitoring areas of high crime-- using
sensors for early warning for floods, landslides, hurricanes or droughts.
• -- Smart buildings --structural health monitoring -- feedback to
determine when repairs are necessary.
• -- Citizens notifying officials of any problems,-- road potholes—
monitoring infrastructure problem leaks -- water pipes.
• -- improving efficiency of manufacturing, urban farming, energy use,
• -- connect all services to provide combined solutions for citizens.
70. •QUALITY LEADERSHIP
• Smart cities would require:
• well defined city ownership-ULBs
•Well defined city Leadership- Mayor
•Building a High performance team
•Adopting professional / Management
Approach
•Promoting Training and Development
•Investing in Learning
•Creating Culture of Accountability
•Securing Stakeholders Consensus
•Launching Pilot Programs in cities
•Prioritizing/defining Agenda for City Growth
•Each City to have a starting Point
•Mayors of Curitiba, New York, Washington,
Rio-de Janerio,, Bogota, Toledo ,London----,
created highest degree of urban
Leadership/Governance to make cities Smart
72. Future Cities-Conceptual
Ultima Tower- 2Mile High Sky City
•Location: Any densely populated urban
environment
•Date: 1991
•Cost: $150,000,000,000
•Population: 1,000,000 people
•Exterior surface area of building: 150,000,000
sft.
•Enclosed volume: 53,000,000,000 cubic feet
•Total enclosed acreage: 39,000 acres-156
secors
•Elevator speed: 20 feet per second (13 miles
per hour) 9 minutes and 40 seconds to reach
top floor from ground floor.
•Dimensions: Height--10,560 feet;
•Diameter at the base--6000 feet;
•Number of stories--500;
•Total Square Feet: Approximately 5,000,000 sft
73. Mile-High Tower-
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• Location Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• Cost US$28.5 billion
• Height 1 mile (1,600 m; 5,280 ft)
• Floor area3,530,000 m2 (38,000,000 sft)
• Capacity 80,000 people
• The tower will have -275 floors
• Lobby upto 5 th floor
• Offices 6- 50 floors
• Five-star hotel &Conference halls 51-75
floors
• Deluxe residential units 76-195 floors and
• Retail facilities 196-275 floors
• Alternate Energy Generation 196-275 floors
• Status of project
74. Earth Scraper – Mexico City
• Location- Mexico City
• Depth 300 m below ground
• Designed as Inverted Pyramid
• Glass floor to cover 240 mtrs X
240 mtrs. hole in cities main
square to filter natural light
• Preserve cities historic centre
and heritage buildings
surrounding square.
• Interior of building to look
natural.
• Building -- city’s top retail
destination.
75. •
• Three Mantra for Sustainable/Smart
cities --
• 1. Achieve smart growth
• -- finding best options to do things sustainably
• -- promote economic growth for people –
• -- making them earn good livelihood
• -- make them enjoy a good quality of life.
• 2. Do more with less–
• -- cities need money-- to accomplish all wants .
• Cities to collect, manage/spend resources effectively/ efficiently
• 3. Win support for change-
• - City leaders need to;-- deliver fast, positive, /visible results,
• - build support for changes.
• -- Involving high-performing civil servants
• -- making them accountable for their work—Singapore model
77. SDG 11- Cities/ Human settlements
• Targets-2030-- ensure access for all ts- Targets—
• -- adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums.
• -- to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road
safety, by expanding public transport, with special attention given to the needs of those in
vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities/ older persons.
• enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanisation and capacity for participatory, integrated
and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries.
• to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage.
• -- reduce the number of deaths / people affected / economic losses relative to GDP caused
by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and
people in vulnerable situations.
• -- reduce the adverse environmental impact of cities-- paying special attention to air quality
and municipal and other waste management.
• -- provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in
particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities.
• Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and
rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning.
• -- substantially increase the number of cities /human settlements adopting and implementing
integrated policies and -plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and
adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line
with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk
management at all levels.
• Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance,
in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilising local materials