This document discusses paracetamol tablets and their preparation. It has three objectives: 1) determine methods of preparing tablets, 2) identify advantages of solid dosage forms over liquids, and 3) enumerate characteristics of ideal tablets. Tablets are solid oral dosage forms containing active ingredients and excipients. They are manufactured by compression and come in various types, including chewable, coated, effervescent, and more. The document outlines the tablet manufacturing process and discusses advantages like dose precision, stability, and low cost. It also notes potential disadvantages like difficulty swallowing and bitter taste, and describes common tablet defects and imprinting methods.

1. Preparation #3
Paracetamol Tablets
Compiled by: Ivy Rose C. Orozco,RPh
PHARMACEUTICS1L – Pharmaceutical Dosage
Forms, Drug Delivery Systems and Medical
Devices

2. 1. Determine the methods of
preparing tablets
2. Identify the advantages of solid
dosage forms over liquid dosage
forms
3. Enumerate the characteristics of
ideal tablets
Objectives

3. Tablets are solid dosage forms that
contain a mixture of active substances and
excipients
They can be classified according to the
route of administration, drug delivery
system or method of manufacture

4. Compression
Manufactured with tablet
machines capable of exerting
great pressure in compacting
the powdered or granulating
material

5. Lubricants
Enhance the
flow of the
material into
the tablet die
Pharmaceutical tablet excipients
Binders/Adhesives
Promote
adhesion of
the particles of
the
formulation
Disintegrants
Promote
breakup of the
tablet to
smaller
particles after
administration
Diluents/Fillers
Add necessary
bulk to a
formulation
Misc:
Flavorant,
Sweeteners

6. Compressed Tablet Manufacture
Dry Granulation
Slugging,
roller
compactio
n,
tableting
of
granulatio
n,
compressi
on
Wet Granulation
Weighing & blending,
prepare damp
mass, sieving to
granules, drying,
sizing by sieving,
adding lubricant,
blending,
compression
Tablet dedusting
Final touches,
remove
traces of
loose
powder
adhering
to the

7. ✔ Greatest dose precision and the least
content variability
✔ Cost is lowest of all oral dosage form
✔ Lighter and compact
✔ Easiest and cheapest package and strip
✔ Easy to swallow with least tendency
for hang-up
Advantages of
Tablets

8. Advantages of
Tablets
✔ Sustained release is possible
✔ Objectionable odor and bitter taste can be masked
by various techniques
✔ Suitable for large scare production
✔ Greatest chemical and microbial stability over all oral
dosage form
✔ Product identification is easy and rapid requiring no
additional steps when employing an embossed
and/or monogrammed punch face.

9. Disadvantages
of Tablets
✔ Difficult to swallow – children,
unconscious patients
✔ Some drugs resists compression
✔ Drugs with poor wetting, slow
dissolution properties, may be difficult
to formulate or manufacture as tablet
that will still provide adequate or full
drug bioavailability

10. Disadvantages
of Tablets
✔ Bitter tasting drugs, drugs with
objectionable odor, or drugs that
oxidizes requires to be coated =
capsuled

11. Types of Tablets
Multiple
compression
creating multiple
layers
Use of punch and
die
Smooth, rapid
disintegration
time, children
Sugar, Film,
Gelatin, and
Enteric coated
Multiple-
compresse
d
Compress
ed
Chewabl
e Tablet
Coated
Tablets
*ODT

12. Types of Tablets
Under the tongue,
readily absorbed
in the blood
stream producing
systemic effect
Buccal pouch
(cheeks), flat,
erode slowly,
destroyed by
gastric juice
Dissolves in the
mouth as fast as
10 secs. To 1 min.
Disc-shaped, flavoring
substances/hard candy
base, slowly dissolved in
the oral cavity for local
effects
Sublingual
Buccal ODT
Troches/Lozeng
es

13. Types of Tablets
Inserted under the skin,
requires an expert to
administer, causing
discomfort/irritation, risk
for sepsis
Vaginal inserts,
uncoated,bulet/ovoid
shaped, local
effects, compression
Cylindrical, molded or
compressed tablets
containing small amounts
of potent drugs
Compressed granules,
fizzing
Implantatio
n/Hypoder
mic
Vaginal
Tablet
triturates
Effervescent
tablet

14. Tablet Defects

15. Tablet Defects

16. Tablet Imprinting
Embossed
Imprinted
with mark
above the
surface
Engraved
Imprinted with a
code that is cut
into the surface
during
production
Debossed
Imprinted
with mark
below the
surface

17. End of Discussion