fhenibh r u cuhgc i fjepgunuh fjruvujgn gfcbrgfgggrbebv hy hkjn offh ou puwoufjo i09i i oirjfoeijr oifj oqidjgjio sdijit jwo j i rijfoufh erohruivhif u uuhf i iee ie ei ei ei ei ut uhg ughu [q0rij ogijoif ohger h jhreg h jeoigj
If you want to help or donate please donate at my paypal:
dyokimura@gmail.com
https://www.buymeacoffee.com/dyokimura6
THESIS CAREER PREFERENCES
SAMPLE ONLY
Masters vs Job: Factors which Help Students to Decide between the TwoDr. Amarjeet Singh
The main idea of the study is to find out the factors that affect the key decision which results in choosing of one option between pursuing a master’s degree after college or going for placement after graduation. Researcher has collected data from 120 college going students and graduates. The data was accumulated using Google forms, it was analysed using Google’s analytical instruments. It was found out that students do not follow any trend to pursue their next goal but they decide upon factors which are directly or indirectly related to their personal lives and circumstances. Although most common answer recorded during the survey was that how some students do not want a break amidst their studies and on other hand some of them want to learn and gain practical experience.
If you want to help or donate please donate at my paypal:
dyokimura@gmail.com
https://www.buymeacoffee.com/dyokimura6
THESIS CAREER PREFERENCES
SAMPLE ONLY
Masters vs Job: Factors which Help Students to Decide between the TwoDr. Amarjeet Singh
The main idea of the study is to find out the factors that affect the key decision which results in choosing of one option between pursuing a master’s degree after college or going for placement after graduation. Researcher has collected data from 120 college going students and graduates. The data was accumulated using Google forms, it was analysed using Google’s analytical instruments. It was found out that students do not follow any trend to pursue their next goal but they decide upon factors which are directly or indirectly related to their personal lives and circumstances. Although most common answer recorded during the survey was that how some students do not want a break amidst their studies and on other hand some of them want to learn and gain practical experience.
Discussion 5Critically think about ethnocentrism, culture, andLyndonPelletier761
Discussion 5
Critically think about ethnocentrism, culture, and how these concepts impact research. Familiarize yourself with the objectives in Module 5 as well as the assigned course materials, videos, articles, and introduction. Use the assigned readings for this week as a primary reference as well as material from the Saint Leo Online Library for peer reviewed sources and to find relevance to this week’s topic. Please share your information with our classmates on this thread.
Questions:
1. Define culture, ethnocentrism and social construction. What are ways in which ethnocentrism can be avoided when conducting research? What core values or ethical principles are violated when ethnocentrism is not avoided and is included in research in the form of a bias?
2. How does avoiding ethnocentrism and including diversity in one’s research positively impact the quality of one’s work? How will you use what you have learned about diversity and ethnocentrism in your own life both as a student and in a future career in the field of psychology?
Articles to read:
Marshall, A., & Batten, S. (2004). Researching across cultures: Issues of ethics and power. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 5. Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs /article/view/572/1241
Medin, D. L., & Lee, C. D. (2012). Presidential column. Diversity makes better science. Observer, 25. Retrieved from http://www. psychologicalscience.org/ index.php/publications/ observer/2012/may-june-12/diversity-makes-better-science.html
Redding, R. E. (2001). Sociopolitical diversity in psychology: The case for pluralism. American Psychologist, 56(3), 205-215. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.205
5
Recommendations for Solving Equity Gaps at James Monroe High School, Virginia
Michael Whitener
School of Education, Liberty University
In partial fulfillment of EDUC 816
Interview Questions
Central Question:
How can the gaps in college readiness between students from low-income and underserved communities and those from wealthy and majority groups be eliminated?
Interview Questions
1. What parameters/Indicators are used to determine whether a student is college-ready or not?
The question is crucial in identifying whether the instructors are aware of the factors that contribute to college readiness among the students. Several indicators influence college readiness. Such parameters are combined before understanding whether a high school student is college-ready. Some indicators accurately show students’ college preparedness, while others give a false picture. Leeds & Mokher (2019) showed that using placement tests to assign students to developmental courses results in frequent misplacement. The authors used data from Florida. They concluded that it might be preferable to choose cutoffs that minimize misplacement than to use new metrics (Leeds & Mokher, 2019). Also, they proposed that each state use metrics that are unique to their con ...
A STUDY ON CAREER PREFERENCE OF UNDER GRADUATE ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY STU...IAEME Publication
The present study was undertaken with the major objective of ascertaining the career preferences of under graduate engineering students of Anna University Regional Campus Coimbatore. The target population under the study was final year engineering students of Anna University Regional Campus Coimbatore. A sample of 185 respondents was selected randomly. The students were selected through simple random sampling. The data was collected through a pre-tested and pre-structured questionnaire. The collected data was classified and tabulated and interpretations were made with the help of the statistical tools like mean, standard deviation, percentages, Z test and correlation coefficient using latest statistical tools. Correlation analysis revealed that family background, academic achievements, educational level of father / male guardian, occupation of father / male guardian, mass media exposure and influence of career benefit on career preference were found to have positive and significant relationship whereas birth order, educational level of mother / female guardian, occupation of mother / female guardian, family annual income, influence of family and influence of role models had shown positive and non-significant relationship with the career preference of under graduate engineering students. The career benefit of knowledge development is having high influence on the career preference of the students and the career benefit of fulfilling family aspirations is having low influence on the career preference of the students.
Features MPM's K-12 Journey Map and a discussion of mentoring's impact on youth academic outcomes. Quality In Action webinar, hosted monthly by Mentoring Partnership of Minnesota. June 2, 2010.
PROPOSAL Students need a better Education to be ready for Co.docxaryan532920
PROPOSAL
Students need a better Education to be ready for College
Today education in high school is different from what most students face in college. Every year many students graduate from high school from all around the world, but the question that many students do not ask themselves is “I am prepared to move forward.” Many students struggle when they take classes at colleges. Sometimes they fail, do not do well in college and they feel disappointed and drop out of college. Many students feel that everything is new for them because the way that they had been taught was different or maybe it was a basic style. Students believe that high school should be more like preparation to enter to college; teachers should teach as college professors do, so that the students do not get surprised when they enter into a college institution.
High school is the end for some students, but for other, it is only a new beginning. Students face many responsibilities, new ways of learning, and different ways of teaching when they are introduce into a college institution. For some students, it is hard to adapt to this new ways of learning because in high school it was different. Yates Kathy Jo Ed Ph. made a survey to find out if students were prepare for college.
‘The analysis indicated that students who entered college prepared for college-level work, based on earned ACT scores, were much more likely to graduate within 3 years as compared to students who entered college underprepared and required to take developmental courses. Further, the study revealed that the number of developmental courses and the number of developmental academic subject content areas students were required to take was inversely related to the 3-year persistence-to-graduation rate.’ (Graduation rates: A comparison of first-time, full-time freshmen who entered a community college prepared and those who entered underprepared for college-level work) (Yates, 2011)
Some examples are, in high school, teachers grade students for the effort and not for doing it the right way, another example is the discipline of doing things in a professional way, not in a basic way. Students got used to being baby-sat in high school. In college, students feel that teachers do not care about them because teachers do not tell them what they did wrong. Students need to know that high school is not the same as college. This is the big surprise that students find when they enter into an institution. Teachers treat students as an adult and that most students do not understand it.
For the most part students in high school learn in only one learning style. Students learn the basic subjects in an easy way, not like college level. Crosby, Lynne Sponaugle, Ph.D survey was that,
‘The results of this study can support community college faculty and administrators' efforts to prepare their students as actively engaged and effective citizens. The findings suggest that students may benefit from meaningful civic activities an ...
Assuming most or all of you have a college degree or two and that your degree was the second or third biggest purchase of your life…
Was your degree a good value? Do you feel like you got what you paid for? Anyone want a refund???
Are you still deriving benefits from the degree – or has the dividends shrunk over time?
Do any of you wish you had shopped around more before attending the institution? What additional questions would you have asked?
This presentation examines the rise of students as informed consumers.
ABSTRACT- Psychology is the study of mentality and behaviour. Present study is an attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individ-ual. It tries to establish parameters which form the basis for the future research. Study of students’ psychology in the field of education is much more important in terms of career adoption behaviour of students. Present research was based on the survey in the college going students. The candidates were interviewed regarding their selection of the present non-professional course. The results of the study suggested that the conditions and back-ground of the students effect the decision of their career adoption in present study area. Keywords: Profession, Psychology, Faculty, Knowledge
The purpose of the study is to identify the determinants that are closely associated with intrinsic interest among undergraduate accounting students. Descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis were applied in this study. The data was generated through questionnaire instruments using the seven points of the Likert scale. The study involved 136 samples of undergraduate accounting student at Universitas Padjadjaran. Reliability and Validity tests were conducted to make sure the items of questions are valid and the internal consistency are present. There are five independent variables in this research, namely intrinsic interest, extrinsic interest, self-efficacy, parental and peer influence, and anticipated conflict. Results indicate that extrinsic interest and self-efficacy are positively and significantly associated with the intrinsic interest of undergraduate accounting student. Meanwhile, parental and peer influence and anticipated conflict are negatively associated with the intrinsic interest of undergraduate accounting students. The magnitude of correlation for anticipated conflict is significant, however, parental and peer influence was found not significant.
Discussion 5Critically think about ethnocentrism, culture, andLyndonPelletier761
Discussion 5
Critically think about ethnocentrism, culture, and how these concepts impact research. Familiarize yourself with the objectives in Module 5 as well as the assigned course materials, videos, articles, and introduction. Use the assigned readings for this week as a primary reference as well as material from the Saint Leo Online Library for peer reviewed sources and to find relevance to this week’s topic. Please share your information with our classmates on this thread.
Questions:
1. Define culture, ethnocentrism and social construction. What are ways in which ethnocentrism can be avoided when conducting research? What core values or ethical principles are violated when ethnocentrism is not avoided and is included in research in the form of a bias?
2. How does avoiding ethnocentrism and including diversity in one’s research positively impact the quality of one’s work? How will you use what you have learned about diversity and ethnocentrism in your own life both as a student and in a future career in the field of psychology?
Articles to read:
Marshall, A., & Batten, S. (2004). Researching across cultures: Issues of ethics and power. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 5. Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs /article/view/572/1241
Medin, D. L., & Lee, C. D. (2012). Presidential column. Diversity makes better science. Observer, 25. Retrieved from http://www. psychologicalscience.org/ index.php/publications/ observer/2012/may-june-12/diversity-makes-better-science.html
Redding, R. E. (2001). Sociopolitical diversity in psychology: The case for pluralism. American Psychologist, 56(3), 205-215. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.205
5
Recommendations for Solving Equity Gaps at James Monroe High School, Virginia
Michael Whitener
School of Education, Liberty University
In partial fulfillment of EDUC 816
Interview Questions
Central Question:
How can the gaps in college readiness between students from low-income and underserved communities and those from wealthy and majority groups be eliminated?
Interview Questions
1. What parameters/Indicators are used to determine whether a student is college-ready or not?
The question is crucial in identifying whether the instructors are aware of the factors that contribute to college readiness among the students. Several indicators influence college readiness. Such parameters are combined before understanding whether a high school student is college-ready. Some indicators accurately show students’ college preparedness, while others give a false picture. Leeds & Mokher (2019) showed that using placement tests to assign students to developmental courses results in frequent misplacement. The authors used data from Florida. They concluded that it might be preferable to choose cutoffs that minimize misplacement than to use new metrics (Leeds & Mokher, 2019). Also, they proposed that each state use metrics that are unique to their con ...
A STUDY ON CAREER PREFERENCE OF UNDER GRADUATE ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY STU...IAEME Publication
The present study was undertaken with the major objective of ascertaining the career preferences of under graduate engineering students of Anna University Regional Campus Coimbatore. The target population under the study was final year engineering students of Anna University Regional Campus Coimbatore. A sample of 185 respondents was selected randomly. The students were selected through simple random sampling. The data was collected through a pre-tested and pre-structured questionnaire. The collected data was classified and tabulated and interpretations were made with the help of the statistical tools like mean, standard deviation, percentages, Z test and correlation coefficient using latest statistical tools. Correlation analysis revealed that family background, academic achievements, educational level of father / male guardian, occupation of father / male guardian, mass media exposure and influence of career benefit on career preference were found to have positive and significant relationship whereas birth order, educational level of mother / female guardian, occupation of mother / female guardian, family annual income, influence of family and influence of role models had shown positive and non-significant relationship with the career preference of under graduate engineering students. The career benefit of knowledge development is having high influence on the career preference of the students and the career benefit of fulfilling family aspirations is having low influence on the career preference of the students.
Features MPM's K-12 Journey Map and a discussion of mentoring's impact on youth academic outcomes. Quality In Action webinar, hosted monthly by Mentoring Partnership of Minnesota. June 2, 2010.
PROPOSAL Students need a better Education to be ready for Co.docxaryan532920
PROPOSAL
Students need a better Education to be ready for College
Today education in high school is different from what most students face in college. Every year many students graduate from high school from all around the world, but the question that many students do not ask themselves is “I am prepared to move forward.” Many students struggle when they take classes at colleges. Sometimes they fail, do not do well in college and they feel disappointed and drop out of college. Many students feel that everything is new for them because the way that they had been taught was different or maybe it was a basic style. Students believe that high school should be more like preparation to enter to college; teachers should teach as college professors do, so that the students do not get surprised when they enter into a college institution.
High school is the end for some students, but for other, it is only a new beginning. Students face many responsibilities, new ways of learning, and different ways of teaching when they are introduce into a college institution. For some students, it is hard to adapt to this new ways of learning because in high school it was different. Yates Kathy Jo Ed Ph. made a survey to find out if students were prepare for college.
‘The analysis indicated that students who entered college prepared for college-level work, based on earned ACT scores, were much more likely to graduate within 3 years as compared to students who entered college underprepared and required to take developmental courses. Further, the study revealed that the number of developmental courses and the number of developmental academic subject content areas students were required to take was inversely related to the 3-year persistence-to-graduation rate.’ (Graduation rates: A comparison of first-time, full-time freshmen who entered a community college prepared and those who entered underprepared for college-level work) (Yates, 2011)
Some examples are, in high school, teachers grade students for the effort and not for doing it the right way, another example is the discipline of doing things in a professional way, not in a basic way. Students got used to being baby-sat in high school. In college, students feel that teachers do not care about them because teachers do not tell them what they did wrong. Students need to know that high school is not the same as college. This is the big surprise that students find when they enter into an institution. Teachers treat students as an adult and that most students do not understand it.
For the most part students in high school learn in only one learning style. Students learn the basic subjects in an easy way, not like college level. Crosby, Lynne Sponaugle, Ph.D survey was that,
‘The results of this study can support community college faculty and administrators' efforts to prepare their students as actively engaged and effective citizens. The findings suggest that students may benefit from meaningful civic activities an ...
Assuming most or all of you have a college degree or two and that your degree was the second or third biggest purchase of your life…
Was your degree a good value? Do you feel like you got what you paid for? Anyone want a refund???
Are you still deriving benefits from the degree – or has the dividends shrunk over time?
Do any of you wish you had shopped around more before attending the institution? What additional questions would you have asked?
This presentation examines the rise of students as informed consumers.
ABSTRACT- Psychology is the study of mentality and behaviour. Present study is an attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individ-ual. It tries to establish parameters which form the basis for the future research. Study of students’ psychology in the field of education is much more important in terms of career adoption behaviour of students. Present research was based on the survey in the college going students. The candidates were interviewed regarding their selection of the present non-professional course. The results of the study suggested that the conditions and back-ground of the students effect the decision of their career adoption in present study area. Keywords: Profession, Psychology, Faculty, Knowledge
The purpose of the study is to identify the determinants that are closely associated with intrinsic interest among undergraduate accounting students. Descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis were applied in this study. The data was generated through questionnaire instruments using the seven points of the Likert scale. The study involved 136 samples of undergraduate accounting student at Universitas Padjadjaran. Reliability and Validity tests were conducted to make sure the items of questions are valid and the internal consistency are present. There are five independent variables in this research, namely intrinsic interest, extrinsic interest, self-efficacy, parental and peer influence, and anticipated conflict. Results indicate that extrinsic interest and self-efficacy are positively and significantly associated with the intrinsic interest of undergraduate accounting student. Meanwhile, parental and peer influence and anticipated conflict are negatively associated with the intrinsic interest of undergraduate accounting students. The magnitude of correlation for anticipated conflict is significant, however, parental and peer influence was found not significant.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
1. FACTORS INFLUENCING CAREER CHOICES OF GRADE 12
ACCOUNTANCY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT STUDENTS OF
BIRBIRA HIGH SCHOOL FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR
2023-2024
A Thesis Presented to
The Faculty of Senior High School Department
Birbira High School
Camiling Tarlac
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
In Practical Research 2
By:
Jonaly Agustin
2. October 2023
Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Background
Introduction
Career choice is one of many important choices that students make in defining their
future plans. This decision affects their whole life.
Career choice is most individuals have an interest in or affinity toward certain career fields
or occupations. Such aspirations and preferences are formed early in life and are a product
of genetics, socioeconomic status, gender, personality, and learning history. These early
hopes and dreams are modified (positively and/or negatively) by forces in society that act
upon individuals and groups of individuals as they make careerrelated decisions (e.g..
labor market constraints, competitive admission to schools and programs. Opportunities
provided by special programs, etc.). Career choices result when individual aspirations
and preferences are reexamined in light of the constraining forces imposed by the social
environment in which that individual lives. It is possible to differentiate several levels of
career choice based upon the degree to which that choice has been subjected to the
limitations of societal constraints. An individual may begin with a preference for a
career—for example, medicine—that does not imply the weathering of any particular
stress constraint, or crisis. A choice implies the completion of some actions or successful
steps, and the attainment of a career is the final outcome of the career choice process. The
3. distinction among these three constructs—preference, choice, and attainment—is
important to a comprehensive understanding of career choice. Although there is some
evidence that young women may anticipate societal constraints and adjust their
preferences in advance, societal constraints have little effect on career preferences but
exert increasing influence as the individual moves further along in the selection process.
Thus career choices and career attainments are affected substantially by the limits and
pressures of a limited labor market, as well as by other barriers and constraints that society
imposes.
Expectedly students are aware of the importance of choosing a career that suit them.
However, Birbira High School offers academic tracks. The researcher wanted to do more
research and observe what factors influence ABM 12th
grade high school students to
choose a career. As the researcher found out, many 12th
graders are simply forced to
continue their chosen strands even if they don’t like it.
Senior high school is two years of specialized upper secondary education; Students may
choose a specialization based on aptitude, interest, and school capacity. The choice of
career track will define the content of the subjects a student will take in Grade 11 and Grade
12.According to Boyer (1987), “In taking a course, one of the life’s major decision is being
made. A lot of time, money and effort will be involved. The shape academic track, a student
should take a rest. Accountancy Business, and Management (ABM) is one of the four (4)
strand under academic track and it is focused in subjects. Economics, Business, Marketing,
Mathematics, and Fundamentals of Accountancy as stated by Obcena (2016)They said
4. strand can lead students to careers which could be; Sales Manager, Human Resources,
Marketing Director, Project Officer, Bookkeeper, Accounting Clerk, International Auditor,
Certified Public Accountant (CPA)etc. This curriculum will allow students to get a deeper
appreciation of the impressive world of Accountancy, Business and Management.
There are many factors that influence a student career choices. Knowing the factors
influence the ABM student to choose a career is the primary purpose that made conduct
this study. It can help us understand to lead us to the significance of their decision on how
it might affect their rendition towards studying. These certain factors influence can affect
the students performance and Interest in studying ABM strand.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the factors that influence the career choice of Grade 12
ABM, Specifically, this study answers the following questions:
1. What is the demographic respondent’s profile of the in terms of the
following;
1.1 . Age;
1.2 . Gender?
2. What is your preferred course in the college?
3. How many the respondent’s course preference influence by the following;
3.1. Decision Making and Interest;
3.2. Peers Influence;
5. 3.3. Consideration about Institutions;
3.4. Future Job Opportunities
4. What is the factors greatly influence the career choices of Grade 12 ABM
students of Birbira High School?
Objectives
To determine the demographic respondent’s profile of the in terms of the age and
gender.
To determine the preferred course of Grade 12 ABM students of Birbira High School
in the college.
To determine How many the respondent’s course preference influence by the Decision
Making and Interest, Peers Influence, Consideration about Institutions and Future Job
Opportunities.
To determine What is the factors greatly influence the career choices of Grade 12 ABM
students of Birbira High School.
Hypothesis
Alternative Hypothesis – There is varied significant factors influencing the career choices
of Grade 12 ABM students in Birbira High School.
Null Hypothesis – There is no varied significant factors influencing the career choices of
the Grade 12 ABM students in Birbira High School.
6. Significance of the study
The study aims to find out the factors that influence the career choices of Grade 12
ABM students in Birbira High School. There is a host of reasons why this study important.
1. TO STUDENTS – This study would help student dealing with factors that
influence their career choices. This study would also help students that would want
to do research related to this study in the future.
2. TO TEACHERS – This study would help teacher in guiding and helping
their students in choosing the right right career.
3. FOR SCHOOLADMINISTRATORS – This study will be an eye opener
to School administrators on how they should nurture the student’s ability and
capacity to decide for their career when it comes to the future. And this study can
give the School administrators a briefs on how they should encourage the students
to choose the best career for them.
4. FOR FUTURE RESEARCHER – This study would help the future
researcher to complete their research their conducting that related of their study,
and also help the students to find the ideas and news ways to think of their career
choice in the future.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study focuses on the factors that influence the career choices of Grade 12
Accountancy Business Management in Birbira High School. Since the study would require
the factors influencing the career choices of Grade 12 ABM students in Birbira High
7. School, this study would only include the respondent who Grade 12 ABM students of
Birbira High School. The study would be conducted this year 2023.
Definition of Terms
ABM. It is a strand in senior high whom the researchers are going to make a study
Aptitude. refers to a person that is in the process of becoming an adult.
Adolescent. refers to a person that is in the process of becoming an adult
Academic track. is a set of possible course selections available to a specific group of
students.
Behavior. it is a what person does to make something happen, to make something change
or keep things the same.
Career. Refers to series of jobs that a person has in a particular area of work, usually
involving more responsibility as time passes.
Career choice. It is a process of choosing a career path which can involve choices
regarding education and training for a given career.
Decision making. Refers to process of making choices by identifying a decision, gathering
information, and assessing alternative resolutions.
Family. It is a unit that provides love, support, and stability to its members.
Future. refers to a something that will happen or will be experienced in the distant future.
Future plans. Refers to continuous action guideline that allows defining the necessary
elements to guarantee the entrepreneurial success we want.
Interest. It is an individual’s passion that arouses such attention ; a factor that can affect
career choices.
8. Opportunities. Refers to occasion or situation that makes it possible to do something that
you want to do or have to do, or the possibility of doing something.
Student. It is a person formally engaged in learning and studying at school .
Theoretical and Conceptual framework
The study is based on Krumboltz's Social Learning Theory and Albert Bandura's Social
Cognitive Theory in examining the factors that influence career pathways among high
school students. The two theories were chosen because of their relevance to career issues,
especially career development. They include both social and cognitive factors while being
sensitive to cultural aspects. Students live in a social world where they interact with the
environment as they seek guidance towards careers. These theories deal with the cognitive
aspects of the students by making them aware of their decisions. John Krumboltz's Social
Learning Theory, developed in 1979, emphasises the importance of behaviour (actions) and
cognition (knowing and thinking) (LinderPelz & Hall, 2015) The essence of Krumboltz's
view is that certain generic processes, such as learning experiences, affect the career
development of all persons regardless of their cultural affiliations (Mtemeri, 2017) hence
the need to explore the factors that influence career pathways among high school students
in Zimbabwe. This theory differs from other theories of career development in that its focus
is on teaching people career decision making techniques and how to use such techniques
Worthington, 2000). Krumboltz identified four factors that play important role in the
selection of a specific career: genetic endowment, environmental conditions, learning
experiences and task approach skills (Beale, 1998:297; Ireh, 2000).According to the Social
Learning Theory, genetic endowment refers to those aspects of the individual that are
9. inherited or innate rather than learned. This may set limits on individual career
opportunities. Environmental conditions are those conditions that are generally outside the
control of the individual and influence skills development and career preferences.
According to Krumboltz, leaming experiences include a) one's career performances as a
result of prior learning experiences; b) individuals' prior learning experiences that
eventually influence their career decisions; and c) that individuals' prior learning
experiences have a direct effect on their career choices. According to LinderPelz & Hall
(2015), individuals may make observations about themselves and their environment that
they will then use to make career decisions. Observations about the selfinclude
capabilities, interests and work values (Ireh, 2000). Krumboltz emphasised task approach
skills such as goal setting, values clarification, generating alternatives and obtaining
occupational information in career decision making. Ireh (2000) explained that the
interaction between genetic endowment, environmental conditions and learning
experiences lead to the skills required for completing a variety of tasks. The Social
Learning Theory by Krumboltz is relevant to this study because it includes environmental
factors such as family, the leaming environment and gender. Our behaviour is shaped by
beliefs about ourselves and how we relate to society (Schnorr & Ware, 2001). According
to Lavallee, Gordon, & Grove (1996), people make assumptions and generalisations about
themselves and the world of work based on their limited experiences. In this case, students
in high schools have limited experiences to choose an appropriate career hence the need
for a counsellor and/or a supportive environment. In short, Krumboltz's theory of career
decision making and development is based on social leaming or environmental conditions,
10. genetic influences and learning experiences. People choose their careers based on what
they have learned
Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), developed by Albert Bandura in 1986, purports that
contextual variables such as social support, which includes friends, family and relatives,
influence the career choice of an individual (Rao & Mehta, 2017). Social persuasion also
affects an individual's choice of career (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 2002) because there is
dialogue between children and their environment. Similarly, Bandura posited that when
individuals watch their peers succeeding, they are likely to believe that they can also
succeed (Mills, 2009). In this career development model, a person's background (or
contextual factors) and individual characteristics influence his/her learning experiences
and consequently selfefficacy (Tang, Ph, Pan, Newmeyer, & Ed, 2008). According to
Bandura (1989:1) and Alexander, Seabi and Bischof (2010:497), because of the bi
directionality of influence between behaviour and environmental circumstances, people are
both products and producers of their environment. They affect the nature of their
experienced environment through selection and creation of situations. This is in line with
the SCT which states that realistic encouragement that leads people to exert greater effort
is likely to bring success in career development (Bandura, 1988:285). The researcher found
this theory provided the framework to examine the environment that promotes
development in students' quests for sustainable careers. The theory recognises both the
cognitive and environmental factors although this study concentrates more on
environmental factors. Social Cognitive Theory focuses on several cognitive variables (for
example, selfefficacy, outcome expectations and goals) and on how these variables
11. interact with other aspects of the person and his or her environment (for example, gender,
ethnicity, social support and barriers) to shape the course of career development (Lent &
Worthington, 2000). According to Bandura (2002:269), the theory distinguishes three
modes of agency: a) personal agency exercised individually; b) proxy agency in which
people secure desired outcomes by influencing others to act on their behalf; and c)
collective agency in which people act in concert to shape their futures. Students in high
schools are influenced by these three modes when they choose careers, among many
variables, that they feel are appropriate for them. The environment, which imposes itself
on them, also impacts their choice of careers. According to Social Cognitive Theory, career
development is influenced by both objectives and perceived environmental factors (Lent
& Worthington, 2000). Examples of objective factors include the quality of educational
experiences to which a person has been exposed to such as school counselling and the
financial support available from family or guardians for pursuing particular training.
People live their lives in sociocultural milieus that differ in their shared values, customs,
social practices and institutional constraints and opportunities (Bandura, 2002:274).
Conceptual Framework
INPUT
To determine How
many the
respondent’s course
preference influence
by the following;
3.1. Decision- Making
and Interest;
3.2. Peers Influence;
3.3. Consideration
about Institutions;
3.4. Future Job.
Opportunities
PROCESS
- Statistical
tools
- Data
gathering
techniques
survey
(Questionnaire)
- Data analysis
OUTPUT
Factors Influencing
the career choices of
Grde 12 ABM
student’s in Birbira
High School
12. Figure 1. Schematic Diagram
Framework shows that the career choice of an ABM student is influenced by different
preference factors. These preference factors are DecisionMaking and Interest; Peers
Influence; Consideration about Institutions and lastly Future Job.
A schematic is defined as a picture that shows something in a simple way, using symbols.
A schematic diagram is a picture that represents the components of a process, device, or
other object using abstract, often standardized symbols and lines (Zhang et al., 2013).
The effect of peers on career choice can be considered impactful based on the findings of
Hashim & Embong (2015) showed that students in their teen year are more inclined to be
influenced by group norms due to the need to establish a sense of personal identity where
it is inline with the normative expectation of their peers. This is supported by (C. O.
Eckerman and S. W. Didow, 1988) that proves the influence brought by peers does exist
alongside that exerted by the parents. Recent research has supported the existence of peer
effects among college roommates as in Kremer and Levy (1999), and Stinebrickner and
FEEDBACK
13. Stinebrickner (2001) and among elementary school students as in Hoxby (2000). This
paper extends the literature by focusing on employment outcomes for graduating seniors
and using survey data to examine student's own perceptions of the importance of peer
influences (Manski, 1993). These findings are not strange considering those students'
interests are often shaped by their environment, the people they interact with and more so
their life experiences as they grow (Hall, 2010).
The nature of the relationships and interactions established between parents and children
constitute the foundation of the vocational exploring process. The quality of parentchild
relationships, open communication, support offered and trust, can influence exploring
activities, vocational aspirations, future plans, the perception of barriers which may occur
in choosing a career (Paloş & Drobot, 2010). Young people's expectations regarding how
they will combine work and family in the future also play a role in influencing career
choice (Beauregard, 2007). Also, research shows that the child's level of adaptation to the
environment is also influenced by the parental style. Also, research shows that the child's
level of adaptation to the environment is also influenced by the parental style. Supportive,
firm and affectionate parents ensure a family climate which favours the socializing
process, and their children are characterized by a higher degree of emotional stability,
extroversion, sociability and empathy (Palo & Drobot, 2010). Choosing a career
represents a very important decision for a person's professional trajectory. Due to the fact
that the decisionmaking process starts quite early on, the child's decisions are moulded
by family influences. Unlike the father, the mother involves herself more intensely when
it comes to careerrelated plans, by initiating concrete actions, but also by giving
14. psychosocial supportFamily members are more influential in students' career choices as
compared to other persons.
Thus, the greatest challenge in students' career choice in many schools is lack of exposure
for teachers and students. Students make ignorant career decisions based on how far the
teacher's guide them out of the career information supplied from institutions of higher
learning (Peter & Maria, 2012). In the school environment, the teacher plays an important
role on students' career choice. Prior research has found that students are influenced by
high school teachers and in particular career guidance and counsellors in making
decisions that affect their future such as their career choice (Peter & Maria, 2012; Dick &
Rallis, 1991). Career choice is a complex decision for students since it determines the
kind of profession that they intend to pursue in life. As students try to make career choice
while in secondary school, they face problem of matching their career choices with their
abilities and school performance (Edwards & Quinter, 2011). Additionally, this study
provides a foundation for career counseling intervention in which adolescents struggling
with occupational issues may benefit from career interventions that respond not only to
the nature of their decisions but also to the family dynamics present during their decision
making process (Allison, 2005).
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
15. This chapter includes the ides, finished thesis, conclusions of related literature and
studies. Those that were included in this chapter to helps familiarizing information that
are relevant and similar to the present study.
Related Literature
The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing the career choices among
ABM Senior High School students in a Birbira High School. This chapter examines
literature to determine the extent of influence of family, school, and peer factors in the
choice of career to pursue in college as perceived by the ABM students when taken
collectively and grouped according to grade level and section, and the significant
difference in the factors that influenced the ABM Senior High School students in their
choice of career.
Research on family influence has increased rapidly during the last couple of years, yet an
understanding of family influences on career choices still remains sparse. Much of the
research on family influence focus on individual parents’ careers, for instance, mothers or
fathers influencing children to take up a certain career. This research considers family
members’ influence on career choices which indudes parents, siblings and extended
family members. The first interactions of a child with people takes place within its home
among members of its family who indude parents, siblings and relatives (Bollusteve &
Sanni, 2013:92). A child is affected by a number of familyrelated factors such as the
marital relationship of the parents, the socioeconomic status of the family, the
atmosphere of the home (whether parents are warm or hostile), the environmental
16. condition, occupational status of the parents and the number of siblings in the family
(Bollusteve & Sanni, 2013:92).
The family dynamics therefore play a pivotal role in the career readiness of the students.
Several studies bear testimony that parental involvement influences high school students’
career choices, for example, in Romania (Marinas, Igret, Marinas & Prioteasa, 2016:276),
in Pakistan (Baloch & Shah, 2014:546; Saleem, Hanan, Saleem & Shamshed, 2014:841;
Abbasi & Sarwat, 2014:811), in America (Bates, 2015:69; Walaba & Kiboss, 2013), in
Albania (Uka, 2015), in the Philipines, (Aguado, Laguado & Deligero, 2015:237), in
Kenya (Obwoge & Kibor, 2016:478; Egunjobi, Salisu, & Ogunkeye, 2014) in Nigeria
(Ogunyewo, Afemikhe, Ajio, & Olanlesi aliu, 2014; Ezeweani & Atomatofa, 2012:79),
in Tanzania (Amani, 2016:79) and in South Africa (Fatoki, 2014; Mutekwe, Modiba, &
Maphosa, 2011) studies revealed that parents influence the choice of careers among high
school students. Besides parents, other American family members are viewed as
influentialin their children's career choices (Tillman, 2015; Griffin, Hutchins, & Meece,
2011; Ojeda & Flores, 2008; Domene, Shapka, & Keating, 2005).
Bollusteve and Sanni (2013:92) established that Nigerian parents influenced students’
performance and eventual career choices. Despite the differences in the aims of these
studies, they acknowledged the importance of parental support of their children’s
education and career choices. The current study particularly focused on family influences
on career choices. African studies, for example, in Kenya (Mokoro, Wambiya & Aloka,
2014:1465) and in Nigeria (Abiyo & Eze, 2015:26; Abiola, 2014:231), have highlighted
17. that many of the settings in which children and youth participate are dependent on the
choices of their parents. Thus, parents’ decisions, choices of where to live, what to
provide materially and relationally in the home and how to structure outofschool time
for children, impacts children’s development in ways that are meaningful for later success
in the world of work (Abiola, 2014:231).
Obiyo and Eze (2015:26) disputed the fact that parental education influenced Nigerian
children’s choice of careers. The current study sought to investigate whether parental
education had an influence on children’s career choices. Careers of parents may have an
influence on children’s career choices. (Omar et al., 2015) also evidenced a significant
Role of financial terms namely salary on choosing Accounting career path among
undergraduate students. Not only this, financial benefits also has an effect on Individual’s
decision to relocate and build an expatriate Career (Presbitero & Quita, 2017). (Wen et
al., 2018) Studied a sample of 163 undergraduate students and Witnessed that
compensation is the most significant Influencing factor behind career path.In addition
students in African developing countries like Ghana are also facing family pressure to do
jobs and take Responsibilities of the families basic needs and generate Future
opportunities for their siblings, may impacts Students accounting career path in
developing countries (Yusheng et al., 2020). Previously, scholars have Evidenced that
accounting students are significantly Influenced by the guidance of teachers, friends,
relatives nd family members, when they have to take decision Regarding the career path
(Porter & Woolley, 2014; Tang & Seng, 2016). Financial benefits also has an effect on
individual's decision to relocate and build an expatriate career (Presbitero & Quita, 2017).
18. Related Studies
Eremie, (2014) study on comparative analysis of factors Influencing career choices
among senior secondary school Students in Rivers State, Nigeria. The result showed that
there Were significant differences in the career preferences when Grouped according to
their sex, parity, and parental influence. In Addition, socioeconomic background were
influential in Participants’ decisions to pursue a postsecondary degree. Cultural factors,
especially English fluency, were also relevant. Previously, there are several studies who
put Efforts to explore factors influencing careers choice in General. For example,
familial, situational, and societal (Fenu et al., 2021), demographic variables (i.e., gender,
Peer group, parental pressure, parents educational Background and income, media and
grades) (Kazi & Akhlaq, 2017), intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, Career
exposure and influence of third parties (Ng et al., 2017).
Globally, selecting a course of specialization is most crucial and futureoriented decision
among students. In general, students have to choose a subject of their Interest at a
particular time in their academic life. Generally, academic institutes (universities,
schools, Colleges) offer a variety of career paths and specialization Areas’ such as
marketing, management, entrepreneurship, Finance, and accounting as traditional
business discipline To their student. However, previous studies highlighted That there is
constant decline in number of students to Looking for accounting as their career path
(Wen et al., 2018; Yusheng et al., 2020). Accordingly, (Wen et al., 2018), identified that a
19. difficulty in attracting students is the prime factor behind the shortage of accounting
professionals. In addition, students negative perception, misinformation about the
workload and low salary have also been recognized to be a mean of this concern
(Suryani, 2018). In adequate financial benefits/rewards such as low salary, bonus, and
incentives are prone to demotivation among students in choosing accounting career path
among Indonesian students (Suryani, 2018). Likewise (Omar et al., 2015) also evidenced
a significant role of financial terms namely salary on choosing accounting career path
among undergraduate students. Not only this, financial benefits also has an effect on
Individual’s decision to relocate and build an expatriate Career (Presbitero & Quita,
2017). (Wen et al., 2018) Studied a sample of 163 undergraduate students and Witnessed
that compensation is the most significant Influencing factor behind career path.
According to the research article of Dayao and Almario (2017) some important elements
of the learning process of the Grade 12 student graduates lies on the courses they are
going to choose and the choice of the school to enter in college. It is state that the number
of unemployment increases due to the mismatch in course and the need in the current
economy, or the graduates do not possess the necessary skills and qualifications required
by the industries needed. According to Japitan (2019) in their study entitled Factors
Influencing on Grade 12 students’ chosen courses in Jagobiao National High School
Senior High School Department, Education is universally recognized as the answer to
socio economic problems of the world. Thus, making a career choice is a defining phase
in every student’s life. This study sought to determine the factors influencing on Grade 12
students in choosing a course in college in doing a survey through questionnaires.
20. Finding revealed that Grade 12 students encountered different factors that gave an impact
towards the graduating learners in selecting a course in college that includes decision
making and interest, peer influence, consideration about institutions and future job
opportunities.According to Hernandez A., Reyes B., & De Roca J.M. (2017) in their
study defined the factors that serve as preference of students in choosing a career in
college includes childhood aspirations, family/relatives, peers/friends, interest and
specialization, values, indemand jobs, school guidance counselor, and anticipated
problems encountered are presumed to affect the students preferences of their career.
According to Jayson S. Penedilla and Lilibeth B. Rosaldo, the senior high school
students’ choice of career and college degree although mostly are personal choice, is not
free from any influence. Their choices, personal or advised or coerced, are affected by
multiple factors from Academic Qualifications to social and economic factors. Therefore,
students are motivated in making decision. Motivation is basically the determinant of
anyone’s decision. It can be intrinsic, extrinsic motivation or both. According to Douglas
S. Finlayson, A number of educational studies have. Reflected the view that parental
aspirations tend to be derived from the socioeconomic status of the family. Their
influence on children’s achievement is regarded as causal. In this paper, such aspirations,
it is maintained, are the product of a highly complex dynamic social process and attention
is drawn to the neglected importance of the feedback of information about children’s
progress from schools to parents. By considering the social and informational
components of the problem simultaneously, new research areas involving inter
disciplinary studies are indicated. According to Cleo Bernadette Vallente et al, the factors
influencing student’s decision in choosing a course appears to be significant to students
21. as their bases in picking what course to take. Academic experience and education
aspiration appear to have a greater impact in choosing a course. Thus, the academic
ability may account for differences in assessment of the importance of choosing a course.
Furthermore, Pascual (2014) associated underemployment in the Philippines to the misfit
of the needs of the workforce needed in different companies to the graduates of the
different colleges and universities.