Gps technology

1. www.studymafia.org
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Seminar
On
Global Positioning
System

2. Content
 INTRODUCTION
 WHY DO WE NEED GPS?
 G. P. S. BASICS
 HOW DOES THE GPS WORK?
 PARTS OF A GPS SYSTEM
 GPS APPLICATIONS
 GPS - COMPONENTS AND BASIC FACTS
 GPS POSITIONING TYPES
 GPS SETUP BLOCK DIAGRAM
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT GPS
 CONCLUSION
 REFRENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
 (GPS) technology is a great boon to anyone who has the need
to navigate either great or small distances.
 The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a burgeoning
technology, which provides unequalled accuracy and
flexibility of positioning for navigation, surveying and GIS
data capture.

4. WHY DO WE NEED GPS?
 Trying to figure out where you are is probable man’s oldest
pastime.
 Finally US Dept of Defense decided to form a worldwide
positioning system.
 Also known as NAVSTAR ( Navigation Satellite Timing and
Ranging Global positioning system) provides instantaneous
position, velocity and time information.

5. G. P. S. BASICS
 In relation to a well-defined coordinate system, usually by
three coordinate values and
 In relation to other point, taking one point as the origin of a
local coordinate system.

6. HOW DOES THE GPS WORK?
 Requirements
 Triangulation from satellite
 Distance measurement through travel time of radio
signals
 Very accurate timing required
 To measure distance the location of the satellite
should also be known
 Finally delays have to be corrected

7. PARTS OF A GPS SYSTEM

8. GPS APPLICATIONS
 Surveying and Mapping
 Navigation
 Remote Sensing and GIS
 Geodesy
 Military

9. GPS - COMPONENTS AND BASIC FACTS
 Triangulation from the satellite is the basis of the system.
 To triangulate, the GPS measures the distance using the travel
time of the radio message.
 To measure travel time, the GPS need a very accurate clock.
 Once the distance to a satellite is known, then we need to
know where the satellite is in space.
 As the GPS signal travels through the ionosphere and the
earth's atmosphere, the signal is delayed.

10. GPS POSITIONING TYPES
 Absolute Positioning
 Differential Positioning

11. GPS SETUP BLOCK DIAGRAM

12. FACTORS THAT AFFECT GPS
 Number of satellites - minimum number required
 Multipath - reflection of GPS signals near the antennae
 Ionosphere - change in the travel time of the signal
 Troposphere - change in the travel time of the signal
 Satellite Geometry - general distribution of the satellites
 Satellite Health - Availability of Signal
 Signal Strength - Quality of Signal
 Distance from the Reference Receiver
 Radio Frequency (RF) Interference
 Loss of Radio Transmission from Base

13. CONCLUSION
 Barring significant new complications due to S/A (Selective
Availability) from DOD, the GPS industry is likely to
continue to develop in the civilian community.
 There are currently more than 50 manufacturers of GPS
receivers, with the trend continuing to be towards smaller, less
expensive, and more easily operated devices.

14. REFERENCES
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.studymafia.org

15. Thanks