Data Analysis and Application · u08a1data.sav Dr. Wandago: For SPSS, the login for u081data.sav at Capella is acruz11, pw [email protected] Please pay close attention to all details of assignment and don’t forget the introduction and conclusion. Cite all references and pay special attention to what is being instructed in the template as well as the directions given in the assignment itself. Section 4 has a bulleted list of instructions. Thank you kindly. In this assignment, you will learn how to code dummy variables in a regression model. You will use the IBM SPSS Linear Regression procedure to accurately compute a dummy-coded multiple regression and an orthogonal-coded regression with the u08a1data.sav file in the Resources. Suppose that a researcher conducts a study to see how level of anxiety ( A1 = low, A2 = medium, A3 = high) predicts exam performance ( Y). The performance ( Y) and anxiety ( A) data are already entered into u08a1data.sav. Your task is to correctly enter the dummy codes to run regression. First, for dummy-coded regression, assume that the researcher wants to compare the medium anxiety group to the low and high anxiety groups. Enter the dummy codes for the low anxiety group contrast ( D1) and the high anxiety group contrast ( D2). Next, generate orthogonal codes for a positive linear trend ( O1) and a quadratic (curvilinear) trend for an upside-down U ( O2). Use the DAA Template located in the resources to write up your assignment. The deadline for submitting your work is 11:59 PM CST on Sunday of Week 8. Step 1. Write Section 1 of the DAA. In Section 1 of the DAA, articulate your predictor variables, the outcome variable, and the scales of measurement for each variable. Specify the sample size of the data set. Step 2. Write Section 2 of the DAA. Test the normality assumption of multiple regression with a visual interpretation of the Y histogram. Step 3. Write Section 3 of the DAA. Specify a research question for dummy-coded regression. Articulate a null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for the overall regression model. Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for each predictor. Next, articulate a research question for the orthogonal-coded regression. Articulate a null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for the overall regression model. Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for each predictor. Specify the alpha level. Step 4. Write Section 4 of the DAA. · Begin with a brief statement reviewing the normality assumption; state your codes for the dummy-coded regression and the orthogonal regression. · Next, paste the SPSS output of the Model Summary for the dummy-coded regression. · Report R, R2, and interpret this effect size. · Next, paste the ANOVA output. · Report the F test and state your conclusion regarding the null hypothesis. · Next, paste the Coefficients output. · Interpret the b coefficients (i.e., what do the b values represent?) For each b coefficient, report the t.

1. Data Analysis and Application
· u08a1data.sav
Dr. Wandago: For SPSS, the login for u081data.sav at Capella
is acruz11, pw [email protected]
Please pay close attention to all details of assignment and don’t
forget the introduction and conclusion. Cite all references and
pay special attention to what is being instructed in the template
as well as the directions given in the assignment itself. Section
4 has a bulleted list of instructions. Thank you kindly.
In this assignment, you will learn how to code dummy variables
in a regression model. You will use the IBM SPSS Linear
Regression procedure to accurately compute a dummy-coded
multiple regression and an orthogonal-coded regression with the
u08a1data.sav file in the Resources.
Suppose that a researcher conducts a study to see how level of
anxiety ( A1 = low, A2 = medium, A3 = high) predicts exam
performance ( Y). The performance ( Y) and anxiety ( A) data
are already entered into u08a1data.sav. Your task is to correctly
enter the dummy codes to run regression. First, for dummy-
coded regression, assume that the researcher wants to compare
the medium anxiety group to the low and high anxiety groups.
Enter the dummy codes for the low anxiety group contrast ( D1)
and the high anxiety group contrast ( D2). Next, generate
orthogonal codes for a positive linear trend ( O1) and a
quadratic (curvilinear) trend for an upside-down U ( O2).
Use the DAA Template located in the resources to write up your
assignment. The deadline for submitting your work is 11:59 PM
CST on Sunday of Week 8.
Step 1. Write Section 1 of the DAA. In Section 1 of the DAA,
articulate your predictor variables, the outcome variable, and
the scales of measurement for each variable. Specify the sample
size of the data set.

2. Step 2. Write Section 2 of the DAA. Test the normality
assumption of multiple regression with a visual interpretation of
the Y histogram.
Step 3. Write Section 3 of the DAA. Specify a research question
for dummy-coded regression. Articulate a null hypothesis and
alternative hypothesis for the overall regression model.
Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for
each predictor. Next, articulate a research question for the
orthogonal-coded regression. Articulate a null hypothesis and
alternative hypothesis for the overall regression model.
Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for
each predictor. Specify the alpha level.
Step 4. Write Section 4 of the DAA.
· Begin with a brief statement reviewing the normality
assumption; state your codes for the dummy-coded regression
and the orthogonal regression.
· Next, paste the SPSS output of the Model Summary for the
dummy-coded regression.
· Report R, R2, and interpret this effect size.
· Next, paste the ANOVA output.
· Report the F test and state your conclusion regarding the null
hypothesis.
· Next, paste the Coefficients output.
· Interpret the b coefficients (i.e., what do the b values
represent?) For each b coefficient, report the t tests and p-
values, and for D1 and D2, a statement regarding the null
hypothesis. Report the squared semipartial correlations for D1
and D2 with an interpretation of effect size.
· Next, paste the SPSS output of the Model Summary for the
orthogonal-coded regression.
· Report R, R2, and interpret the effect size.
· Next, paste the ANOVA output.
· Report the F test and state your conclusion regarding the null
hypothesis.
· Next, paste the Coefficients output.
· Interpret the b coefficients (i.e., what do the b values

3. represent?) For each b coefficient, report the t tests and p-
values, and for O1 and O2, a statement regarding the null
hypothesis. Report the squared semipartial correlations for O1
and O2 with an interpretation of effect size.
Step 5. Write Section 5 of the DAA. Discuss your conclusions
of the both the dummy-coded multiple regression and the
orthogonal-coded multiple regression as they relate to your
stated research question and hypotheses for the overall
regression model and the individual predictors. Conclude with
an analysis of the strengths and limitations of dummy-coded and
orthogonal-coded regression.
DATA ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION
1
DATA ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION
5
Data Analysis and Application
< Your Name >
Capella University
[Introduction.] Use this file for all assignments that require
the DAA Template. Although the statistical tests will change
from week to week, the basic organization and structure of the

4. DAA remains the same. According to the sixth edition of
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association,
the introduction of a manuscript is clearly identified by its
position within it, and therefore does not have a heading to
label it as the introduction. Remove this text and provide a brief
introduction.
Data File Description [one paragraph]
1) Describe the context of the data set. Cite a previous
description if the same data set is used from a previous
assignment. To increase the formal tone of the DAA, avoid
first-person perspective “I.” For example, do not write, “I ran a
scatter plot shown in Figure 1.” Instead, write, “Figure 1
shows…” All paragraphs are indented. Your paragraphs will not
be numbered as these are in the template.
2) Specify the variables used in this DAA and the scale of
measurement of each variable.
3) Specify sample size (N).
Testing Assumptions [multiple paragraphs]
1) Articulate the assumptions of the statistical test.
2) Paste SPSS output that tests those assumptions and interpret
them. Properly embed SPSS output where appropriate. Do not
string all output together at the beginning of the section. In
other words, interpretations of figures and tables should be near
(i.e., immediately above or below) where the output appears.
Format figures and tables per APA (6th edition) style and
formatting rules. Refer to the following examples on the next
page.
Figure 1. Scatter plot of IQ scores and ADDSC scores taken
from a Howell (2011) data set.
Figure 1 above shows the negative linear relationship
between…
Table 1 below shows the intercorrelations, means, and
standard deviations of…

5. Table 1
Intercorrelations, Means, and Standard Deviations for Scores on
IQ, ADDSC, and GPA
_____________________________________________________
_________________________
Measure 1 2 3
M SD
_____________________________________________________
_________________________
1. IQ --
100.26 12.99
2. ADDSC -.63** --
52.60 12.42
3. GPA .50** -.62** --
2.46 .86
_____________________________________________________
_________________________
Note. Intercorrelations taken from a Howell (2011) data set (N
= 88). **p < .01.
3) Summarize whether or not the assumptions are met. If
assumptions are not met, discuss how to ameliorate violations
of the assumptions.
Research Question, Hypotheses, and Alpha Level [one
paragraph]
1)Articulate a research question (or questions) relevant to the
statistical test.
2) Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for
the research question(s).
3) Specify the alpha level.
Interpretation [multiple paragraphs]
1) Paste SPSS output for an inferential statistic and report it.
Properly embed SPSS output where appropriate. Do not string
all output together at the beginning of the section. In other
words, interpretations of figures and tables should be near (i.e.,
immediately above or below) where the output appears. Format
figures and tables per APA formatting rules.

6. 2) Report the test statistics. Refer to Warner (2013) “Results”
examples at the end of the appropriate chapter for guidance.
3) Interpret statistical results against the null hypothesis.
Conclusion [two paragraphs]
1) Provide a brief summary (i.e., one paragraph) of the DAA
conclusions.
2) Analyze strengths and limitations of the statistical test.
References
Howell, D. C. (2011). Fundamental statistics for the behavioral
sciences. (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
1) Provide references if you include in-text citations. Do not
cite Capella course materials (e.g., instructor notes, handouts,
class announcements, and so on). Only cite primary and
secondary sources (e.g., textbooks and empirical journal
articles). Be sure that your reference page remains on a separate
page.