3. On the period: "society was cut in two: those who had nothing united in common envy, and those who had anything united in common terror." Alexis de Tocqueville
7. The Middle class intelligentsia had become more ‘conscience’ and ‘ self – aware’ of their role in society and therefore wanted representation from the autocratic princes.
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10. Rulers, Frederick III of Prussia and Franz Josef of Austria did not have the money or the ambition to help their citizens. The café dwelling middle class intelligentsia influenced by the revolutions sweeping across Europe, especially France where they already had a national republic, but were moving towards even more Liberal ideals.
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13. Prussia became the dominating state within Germany as it created an economic nation and gained power from politicians like Otto von Bismarck. Prussia won wars and thus created borders which defined Germany. It created the German identity we recognise today.
