2. Estimating photovoltaic power
Technological Educational Institute of Crete
Laboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
STC
tpm
G
G
PP
Cell Temperature
Angle of Incidence
Solar spectrum
Low irradiance performance
Accuracy in MPPT
Soiling
Ohmic losses
Inverter
3. Spectral effects
Spectra acquired by a LI1800 spectroradiometer at Heraklion, Crete. Typical cell spectral responses.
Technological Educational Institute of Crete
Laboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
5. Soiling
Technological Educational Institute of Crete
Laboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
A fixed term can be used or a function related to the months in the year
6. Validating the model
Technological Educational Institute of Crete
Laboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Difference between modeled and observed AC power
7. Validating the model
Technological Educational Institute of Crete
Laboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
NREL experiment
Site: Cocoa, FL
Altitude: Sea level
26980 measurements
8. Validating the model
Technological Educational Institute of Crete
Laboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
NREL experiment
Site: Eugene, OR
Altitude: 130 m
23970 measurements
9. Current Results
Technological Educational Institute of Crete
Laboratory of Energy and Photovoltaic Systems
Gaussian distributions
σ : 0.02 or 2% probability 68%
FWHM=2.355 · σ ≈ 0.05 = 5% probability 98%
To be done
Analyze all module types
Detailed study of the residuals
Efficiency data from manufacturers (?)