related to Taylor's technique of management

1. Techniques of
scientific
management
Presented By
Miss Rupali Burad

2. Principles of Scientific Management
1. Science, not Rule of Thumb
2. Harmony, not discord
3. Mental Revolution
4. Cooperation, not Individualism
5. Division of Responsibility
6. Development of Employer and Employees.
The principles of scientific management only bring out the basic philosophy behind
the theory. The question which now arises is how to implement these principles
practically. Taylor has devised the following techniques for actually implementing the
principles of scientific management.

3. Techniques Of Scientific Management
1.Scientific Study of Work
It means to conduct the deep analysis of all the activities being performed in the
organisation with the aim of producing maximum possible quality output at minimum
costs. Taylor has conducted the following studies:
(i) Method Study,
(ii) Motion Study,
(iii) Time Study and
(iv) Fatigue Study.

4. i) Method Study
• It refers to identify the most suitable way to do a particular activity/work.
• The main objective of this study is to minimise the cost of production and
maximise the quality and level of consumer satisfaction.
• Helps in reduction of cost, wastage of raw material, etc

5. ii) Motion Study
• It is the science of eliminating the wastefulness due to unnecessary motions.
• It eliminates wastage of time and labour.
• It helps to find the best way of doing job or work
• It helps in proper utilisation of materials, machines and workers.
• It helps in removing unnecessary steps in work which will bring efficiency.

6. iii) Time Study
• Technique of observing and recording the time
taken by employees to complete the given task.
• This helps in comparing the actually time and
the standard time to do a particular task.

7. iv) Fatigue Study
• Reducing fatigue at workplace has been the key
aim of every organisation as it affects productivity
adversely.
• Heavy working pressures, long working
hours without break, poor working environment
turns an employee into fatigue.
• It emphasises on the frequency of rest interval

8. 2. Standardization of tools and equipment's.
• Taylor advocated standardisation of tools and equipment.
• Standardisation would help to reduce spoilage and wastage of materials, improve
quality of work, reduce cost of production and reduce fatigue among the workers.
3. Scientific task setting
• It is essential to set a standard task to an average worker during a working day.
Taylor called it a fair day's work.
• A fair day's work prevent the workers from doing work much below their capacity.
• It Helps in optimum utilization of work.

9. 4. Scientific selection and training
• The management shall design scientific selection
procedure so that right men are selected for the
right jobs.
• The first step in scientific selection is determining
the jobs for which workers are required.
• After that the most appropriate qualification,
training, experience and the level of efficiency for
the requisite post are determined.
• Employees are selected according to pre-determined
standards in an impartial way.

10. 5. Functional organisation
• Here planning is separated from implementation i.e. planning is done by different
group of people and implementation by different group of people.
• There are total 8 foreman who controls the total production system. They are:

11. A) Planning
1. Route clerk: ensures the sequence of completing a particular work,
decides the job to be done for the day and where it is to be done.
2. Instruction clerk: Records information about the nature of the work,
procedure of doing it, material to be used and the details about machinery.
3. Time and cost clerk: decides as to when a particular work is to be started
and finished, at the same time it also decides at what cost the product will be
produced.
4. Discipline clerk: ensures that every work is being performed in a disciplined
manner.

12. B) Implementing / Production Level:
1. Gang Boss: Ensures that both workers and machines are fit to work n then
gets the work done.
2. Speed Boss: Ensures the working speed of a worker and makes sure that the
work is completed in specified time
3. Repair Boss: Keeps the machine and tools in working conditions
4. Inspector: Inspects the things produced as per the specifications.

13. 6. Differential Piece- Rate Wage Plan:
• Is a method of wage payment.
• The simple underlying principle of this method is to reward the efficient worker
and while penalize the worker not performing good.
• If any worker completes his task within the time limit, he gets paid at a higher
rate and if he fails to complete it within the time limit he gets paid at a lower rate.
• According to Taylor the organization has no space for the inefficient workers.