Vertical Cities

1. LOGO
VERTICAL CITYVERTICAL CITY
CASE STUDY: NAKHEEL TOWER
Sandhya Ravindran
Under the guidance of: Dr. P.L.VIJAYAKUMARI

2. INTRODUCTION

3. INTRODUCTION
 Takenaka Corporation, Japan proposed the concept of
“VERTICAL CITIES”
 A futuristic tower, called the X-Seed 4000 has been
designed as an ecological structure of about 4000
meters high in Tokyo, Japan!
 Solar Energy would power the X-Seed 4000 which
could house between 500 000 to 1 million people. The
projected cost of a building like this has been
estimated between 300 to 900 billion dollars.

4. X-SEED 4000
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5. INTERIOR OF THE
X-SEED 4000
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6. DEFINITION :
 A vertical city ,true to its name, is a very tall
mixed use development combining offices, a 5-star
hotel, luxury residential and serviced apartments,
an experience centre and observation facilities
along with a special sky function space creating a
vertical community of over 15,000 people.

7. Contents
1. Case study: Nakheel Tower
2. Structure
3. Architecture
4. Materials for construction
5. Environmental Aspects
6. Hindrance
7. Conclusion

8. THE NAKHEEL TOWER
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9. Nakheel Tower
 Nakheel Tower in itself will be a vertical city,
accommodating residents in an efficient LEED rated,
sustainable building.
 This is the world’s first true,very tall mixed use
development combining offices.
 The global architecture practice believes that the
design for the 270 hectare masterplan and more than
1 kilometre-high tower will provide the centrepiece for
the future of Dubai's development.

10. The Nakheel tower
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11. STRUCTURE
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Structure
Structural FormBuilding Form
Primary
Structural
Elements
Wind Engineering
Stack Effect
Building Services

12. STRUCTURE
 Building Form
 To gain an adequate footprint for stability, the
tower extends to nearly 100m in diameter,
resulting in a 10:1 aspect ratio.
 A central void space in the tower pushed all of the
usable area to the perimeter.
 4 quadrant approach –independent and redundant
building systems of all kinds-structural,
mechanical, electrical, fire egress, fire safety etc.

13. At every 25 levels,the
tower legs are bound
together by sky bridges.
•Four distinct means of exiting during emergency
•Functioning as communities
•As a belt truss
•Lift zones
•Delineate the different uses of the building
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14. STRUCTURE
 Structural Form
 Maintain a uniform distribution of load throughout
the structure.
 Elements are sized based on strength
considerations, while at the same time providing
sufficient lateral stiffness.
 Materials perform double-duty (gravity and lateral
support).
 Multiple load paths are created to give added
redundancy and by placing material only where it is
required for strength.

15. STRUCTURE
 Primary Structural Elements
 Drum Wall,analogous with a typical building’s
central core wall.
 Hammer Walls spring outwards to engage the
structure at the perimeter.
 Fin Walls spring inward primarily to support the
core area
 Link Walls tie the Drum Wall segments together

16. STRUCTURE
 Primary Structural Elements

17. STRUCTURE
 Wind Engineering
 The slots serve to mitigate the vortex-shedding
 Cut into 4 towers
 Wind passes freely through the buiding thereby
reducing the resistence.

18. STRUCTURE
 Slots cut through the building

19. STRUCTURE
 Logistics
 Serviced by 156 lifts using double-deck and
express lifts
 Delivery is via remote loading and docking.
 Internal lift shafts are to be used for construction
lifts
 Use of pre-assembled components

20. STRUCTURE
 Stack Effect
 A warm building in a cold climate behaves like a
chimney
 Problems occur during hot weather, with the
pressure gradient operating in reverse.
 The pressure created by stack effect causes air
infiltration into the building at the high level,
resulting in energy loss and loss of capacity of
HVAC systems

21. Measures to mitigate Stack Effect
Provide anti-
rooms
Revolving doors
Isolating docks
Multiple stages to
entries
Pressure control for goods
access

22. MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
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Overall weight of the structure should be less.
For the Nakheel Tower, concrete in excess of 100MPa
strength is required with Young’s Modulus of nearly
50,000MPa.
Work on the concrete design was undertaken during
schematic design.
Total volume of concrete will be 500,000 m3

23. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
Water
Energy
Materials
•Water conservation is by black water
treatment, storm water harvesting and reuse
of fire test water.
•Thermal wind generator farms will be set to
create all the energy that would be needed.
.
•Use of high performance facades to low
energy use servicing

24. HINDRANCES
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Intricate
detailing
Advanced
Logistics
Affects the
Auto Industry
Induces seismic
activities

25. SOME STAGGERING FACTS
• All of the reinforcing bars laid end to end could stretch from Dubai
to New York (1/4 of the way around the world)
 The building experiences five different microclimatic conditions
over its height
 The temperature in the atmosphere at the top of the building can
be as much as 10 degrees cooler than the bottom
 Due to the high speed shuttle lifts one may be able to see the
sunset twice from the bottom and again from the top of the building
 The goal is to achieve the highest LEED certification
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26. SOME OF THE TALLEST BUILDINGS
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27. AQUA,USA
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Ripple/jelly effect
created by variously
sized balconies from
top to bottom.

28. THE CHICAGO SPIRE
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Modelled on the image of a
giant drill poking through the
ground.

29. THE BURJ DUBAI
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When completed next year it
will be the tallest man-made
structure in the world and the
tallest building by a long shot
with a predicted height of 818m

30. LOGO
Any Questions??????????
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