1. Presente Simple - (Simple Present Tense)
El Presente Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones
habituales que suceden con cierta frecuencia y no hace referencia a si está ocurriendo
en el momento actual.
I play tennis. Yo juego al tenis.
(Hace mención de un deporte que realizo cotidianamente y que no necesariamente lo
estoy jugando en este momento).
He works in an office. Él trabaja en una oficina.
(Se refiere al trabajo que desarrolla una persona frecuentemente).
They travel to Madrid. Ellos viajan a Madrid.
(Habla de un viaje que se repite a diario, aunque el sujeto no lo esté realizando ahora).
A continuación se muestran las formas afirmativa, interrogativa y negativa de
este tiempo verbal:
En el cuadro superior se ha
tomado como ejemplo el verbo PLAY (jugar). Observe que en el modo afirmativo, en
la 3º persona del singular, se le añade una "S" al verbo.
He eats vegetables. Él come vegetales.
Alice dances at the theatre. Alice baila en el teatro.
The dog breaks the fence. El perro rompe la cerca.
En el modo interrogativo y negativo se utiliza el auxiliar DO, aunque en la 3º persona
del singular se coloca como auxiliar DOES y se le quita la "S" al verbo.
Existen algunos casos particulares como por ejemplo, si el verbo empleado termina
en "SS", "SH", "CH", "O" y "X" al formar la 3º persona del singular en la forma

2. afirmativa se le agrega "ES". Aquí vemos algunos ejemplos:
Si el verbo es FISH (pescar), se conjugará: He fishes at the sea. Él pesca en el mar.
Si el verbo es KISS (besar), se conjugará: She kisses to her boyfriend. Ella besa a su
novio.
Si el verbo es WATCH (observar), se conjugará: He watches the mountain. Él observa
la montaña.
Si el verbo es FIX (arreglar), se conjugará: He fixes his car. Él arregla su coche.
Si el verbo es GO (ir), se conjugará: She goes to the office. Ella va a la oficina.
Otra excepción se presenta si el verbo termina en "Y" tras consonante. Para formar la
3º persona del singular se sustituye esta "Y" por una "i" acompañada de la terminación
"ES". Por ejemplo:
Si el verbo es STUDY (estudiar) se conjugará: She studies the lesson. Ella estudia la
lección.
Para la forma negativa se puede emplear la forma contraída de DON'T en lugar de DO
NOT o DOESN'T en vez de DOES NOT.
I don't play tennis. Yo no juego al tenis.
He doesn't work in an office. Él no trabaja en una oficina.
They don't travel to Madrid. Ellos no viajan a Madrid.
PART 2 OF PRESENT TENSE
Structure Examples
We use the
Present Simple
Tense:
To form the Present
Simple Tense we use the
verb's base form (go, work,
speak, study). In 3rd
person
singular (he, she, it), the
base form of the verb takes
-s/es. (Auxiliary verbs "be,"
"do," "have", which can
also be used as main verbs,
are exceptions.)
Affirmative form
I
you work
we
they
1. Philip gets up at 6 o'clock
every morning.
2. I go to school every day.
3. She sometimes goes out on
Friday night.
4. I usually sleep late on
Sunday morning.
5. Peter works for 8 hours
every day.
6. We usually start work at 8
o'clock.
7. My children often watch
TV in the afternoon.
8. He always forgets his
keys.
when we talk about
things that happen
repeatedly or
habitually
With Present
Simple Tense we
often use time
expressions such as
always, often,
sometimes, usually,
seldom, on Saturdays,
rarely, never, every
day, etc.
1. I work in a bank.
2. Kate speaks English very
when we talk about
permanent or long-

3. he/she/it works /-s/
go - goes /-es/
watch - watches /-es/
play - plays /-s/
study - studies /-es/
! Remember:
to be
I/you/we/they are
he/she/it is
to do
I/you/we/they do
he/she/it does
to have
I/you/we/they have
he/she/it has
Negative form
I
you DO NOT /don't/
we WORK
they
he/she/it DOES NOT
/doesn't / WORK
1. She doesn't often go to
the cinema.
2. I don't get up early at
the weekend.
3. They don't speak
English very well.
Interrogative form
I
DO you WORK?
we
they
well.
3. Tom lives in London.
lasting situations
1. People make choices
because they can't have
everything they want.
2. Nurses work in clinics and
hospitals.
3. Football is a very popular
sport in Bulgaria.
when we talk about
people or things in
general
1. The Earth is spherical.
2. My birthday is in May.
3. California is in the Unated
States.
4. The sun rises in the east.
5. Water freezes at 0°C
(32°F).
to indicate general
truths, facts and
scientific laws
1. We arrive in Rome at 6
p.m.
2. The train leaves in five
minutes.
3. The course starts next
Thursday.
when we talk about
travel plans and
timetables (mainly
with verbs such as go,
leave, arrive, start,
come, return etc.)
1. She loves jazz music.
2. My aunt hates travelling
by train.
3. I like ice cream. I don't
like spinach.
4. I think she is a wonderful
person.
5. Do you believe in God?
6. I have no money at the
moment.
7. My brother has a new car.
8. That bicycle belongs to
me.
with state (or
stative) verbs such as
like, dislike, love,
think, seem, look,
know, feel,
understand, want,
need, hate,
remember, forget,
prefer, believe,
mean, taste, hear,
see, have (when the
meaning is
"possess"), own,
belong, etc. These
verbs are not
normally used in the
Continuous Tense
(but there are
exceptions).
1. Pour all ingredients into a
mixing bowl and mix until
smooth.
to give
instructions/directions

4. DOES he/she/it WORK?
1. Do they speak foreign
languages?
2. Do you want a banana?
3. Does your sister play the
piano?
Questions and short
answers:
Do you like spaghetti?
Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
Does she know Bulgarian?
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn't.
2. Walk down the street to
the corner and then turn
right.
The Present Simple Tense is also used in :
sentences after "when", "after", "while", "till"
/ "until", "before", "as soon as" - When the rain
stops, we'll go out.
I'll call you back as soon as I return home.
zero conditional sentences (when the result of
the condition is always true) - If you heat water to
100°C (212°F), it boils.
first conditional sentences (Often called the
"real" conditional because it is used for real (or
possible) situations. These situations take place if a
certain condition is met.) - If you finish your
homework I'll bring you to the zoo.
Notes about formation of the 3rd person singular
(he, she, it):
If the verb ends in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x or -o, add -es to the
base form:
kiss - kisses, finish - finishes, watch - watches, mix -
mixes, go - goes
If the verb ends in consonant + y change y to i and add
-es:
study - studies, copy - copies, try - tries, carry - carries
SIMPLE PRESENT
(See also Verbs -'Regular verbs in the simple present')
Simple present, third person singular
Note:
Con formato: Fuente:
(Predeterminado) Times New Roman,
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Con formato: Fuente:
(Predeterminado) Times New Roman,
12 pto, Color de fuente: Color personali
zado(RGB(35,35,142))

5. 1. he, she, it: in the third person singular the verb always ends in -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
2. Negative and question forms use DOES (=the third person of the auxiliary'DO') + the
infinitive of the verb.
He wants. Does he want? He does not want.
3. Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies:
fly flies, cry cries
Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:
play plays, pray prays
4. Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
See also Verbs -'Regular verbs in the simple present', and 'Be, do & have'
Examples:
1. Third person singular with s or -es
 He goes to school every morning.
 She understands English.
 It mixes the sand and the water.
 He tries very hard.
 She enjoys playing the piano.
2. Simple present, form
Example: to think, present simple
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I think Do I think ? I do not think.
You think Do you think? You don't think.
he, she, it thinks Does he, she, it think? He, she, it doesn't think.
we think Do we think? We don't think.
you think Do you think? You don't think.
The simple present is used:
1. to express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions
and wishes:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large city
(general truth)

6. 2. to give instructions or directions:
You walk for two hundred metres, then you turn left.
3. to express fixed arrangements, present or future:
Your exam starts at 09.00
4. to express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as,
until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
BE CAREFUL! The simple present is not used to express actions happening now. See
Present Continuous.
Examples:
1. For habits
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly.
2. For repeated actions or events
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer.
3. For general truths
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
4. For instructions or directions
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
5. For fixed arrangements
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March
6. With future constructions
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.

7. Simple Present Tense
English Grammar Rules
The simple present tense in English is used to describe an action that is regular,
true or normal.
We use the present tense:
1. For repeated or regular actions in the present time period.
 I take the train to the office.
 The train to Berlin leaves every hour.
 John sleeps eight hours every night during the week.
2. For facts.
 The President of The USA lives in The White House.
 A dog has four legs.
 We come from Switzerland.
3. For habits.
 I get up early every day.
 Carol brushes her teeth twice a day.
 They travel to their country house every weekend.
4. For things that are always / generally true.
 It rains a lot in winter.
 The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace.
 They speak English at work.
Verb Conjugation & Spelling
We form the present tense using the base form of the infinitive (without the TO).
In general, in the third person we add 'S' in the third person.
Subject Verb The Rest of the sentence

8. I / you / we / they speak / learn English at home
he / she / it speaks / learns English at home
The spelling for the verb in the third person differs depending on the ending of that
verb:
1. For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the third person.
 go – goes
 catch – catches
 wash – washes
 kiss – kisses
 fix – fixes
 buzz – buzzes
2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add -IES.
 marry – marries
 study – studies
 carry – carries
 worry – worries
NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S.
 play – plays
 enjoy – enjoys
 say – says
Negative Sentences in the Simple Present Tense
To make a negative sentence in English we normally use Don't or Doesn't with all
verbs EXCEPT To Be and Modal verbs (can, might, should etc.).
 Affirmative: You speak French.
Negative: You don't speak French.
You will see that we add don't between the subject and the verb. We use Don't
when the subject is I, you, we or they.
 Affirmative: He speaks German.
Negative: He doesn't speak German.

9. When the subject is he, she or it, we add doesn't between the subject and the
verb to make a negative sentence. Notice that the letter S at the end of the verb in
the affirmative sentence (because it is in third person) disappears in the negative
sentence. We will see the reason why below.
Negative Contractions
Don't = Do not
Doesn't = Does not
I don't like meat = I do not like meat.
There is no difference in meaning though we normally use contractions in spoken
English.
Word Order of Negative Sentences
The following is the word order to construct a basic negative sentence in English in
the Present Tense using Don't or Doesn't.
Subject don't/doesn't Verb* The Rest of the sentence
I / you / we / they don't have / buy
eat / like etc.
cereal for breakfast
he / she / it doesn't
* Verb: The verb that goes here is the base form of the infinitive = The infinitive
without TO before the verb. Instead of the infinitive To have it is just the have part.
Remember that the infinitive is the verb before it is conjugated (changed) and it
begins with TO. For example: to have, to eat, to go, to live, to speak etc.
Examples of Negative Sentences with Don't and Doesn't:
 You don't speak Arabic.
 John doesn't speak Italian.
 We don't have time for a rest.
 It doesn't move.
 They don't want to go to the party.
 She doesn't like fish.

10. Questions in the Simple Present Tense
To make a question in English we normally use Do or Does. It has no translation in
Spanish though it is essential to show we are making a question. It is normally put
at the beginning of the question.
 Affirmative: You speak English.
Question: Do you speak English?
You will see that we add DO at the beginning of the affirmative sentence to make it
a question. We use Do when the subject is I, you, we or they.
 Affirmative: He speaks French.
Question: Does he speak French?
When the subject is he, she or it, we add DOES at the beginning to make the
affirmative sentence a question. Notice that the letter S at the end of the verb in the
affirmative sentence (because it is in third person) disappears in the question. We
will see the reason why below.
We DON'T use Do or Does in questions that have the verb To Be or Modal Verbs
(can, must, might, should etc.)
Word Order of Questions with Do and Does
The following is the word order to construct a basic question in English using Do or
Does.
Do/Does Subject Verb* The Rest of the sentence
Do I / you / we / they have / need
want etc.
a new bike?
Does he / she / it
*Verb: The verb that goes here is the base form of the infinitive = The infinitive
without TO before the verb. Instead of the infinitive To have it is just the have part.
Remember that the infinitive is the verb before it is conjugated (changed) and it
begins with TO. For example: to have, to eat, to go, to live, to speak etc.
Examples of Questions with Do and Does:
 Do you need a dictionary?

11.  Does Mary need a dictionary?
 Do we have a meeting now?
 Does it rain a lot in winter?
 Do they want to go to the party?
 Does he like pizza?
Short Answers with Do and Does
In questions that use do/does it is possible to give short answers to direct
questions as follows:
Sample Questions
Short Answer
(Affirmative)
Short Answer
(Negative)
Do you like chocolate? Yes, I do. No, I don't.
Do I need a pencil? Yes, you do. No, you don't.
Do you both like chocolate? Yes, we do. No, we don't.
Do they like chocolate? Yes, they do. No, they don't.
Does he like chocolate? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.
Does she like chocolate? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't.
Does it have four wheels? Yes, it does. No, it doesn't.
However, if a question word such as who, when, where, why, which or how is
used in the question, you can not use the short answers above to respond to the
question.
Present Simple Practice
Choose the correct answer:
1) Mary volleyball on Mondays.
2) I every weekend.

12. 3) Chris and Pat to school at 7:30 AM.
4) The students the homework in the afternoon.
5) Martha a tree.
Complete with the correct verb.
LISTEN - PLAY - GO - DO - GET UP - READ - RIDE - WASH -
DRIVE - WATCH
a) Camila the homework at home.
b) I my bike everyday.
c) John to music.
d) Tom football at the club on Tuesdays.
e) My father his brand new car.

13. f) You the newspaper on Sundays,
g) My sister T.V. in the evening.
h) Lucy and I at 9 o´clock everyday.
i) Danielle home at 6:30.
Write the previous senteces into the NEGATIVE form. Use "DO NOT" (not don´t)
or "DOES NOT" (not doesn´t), please.
a) Camila the homework at home.
b) I my bike everyday.
c) John to music.
d) Tom football at the club on Tuesdays.
e) My father his brand new car.
f) You the newspaper on Sundays,

14. g) My sister T.V. in the evening.
h) Lucy and I at 9 o´clock everyday.
i) Danielle home at 6:30.
Complete the questions, then answer.
1) you up at 8 AM?
Yes, .
2) Sylvia the homework?
No, .
3) your mother your bedroom?
Yes, .
4) you English?
Yes, .

15. 5) Simple present tense exercise
Complete the following sentences using the appropriate simple present tense form of the
verb given in the brackets. In the case of questions, use the indicated subject as well.
1. He …………………… (work) best in the evening.
2. The train ……………………. (arrive) at 4.15.
3. How often …………………….. (you / visit) your grandparents?
4. She …………………….. (be) from Malaysia.
5. James ……………………. (not smoke).
6. How often ……………………. (he / go) to the gym?
7. Where …………………… (you / live)?
8. He ……………………. (play) tennis on Sundays.
9. He …………………… (not work) hard.
10. Jack ………………… (not speak) English.
11. ……………………. (you / know) English?
12. How …………………….. (you / start) a washing machine?
Answers
1. He works best in the evening.
2. The train arrives at 4.15.
3. How often do you visit your grandparents?
4. She is from Malaysia.
5. James does not smoke.
6. How often does he go to the gym?

16. 7. Where do you live?
8. He plays tennis on Sundays.
9. He does not work hard.
10. Jack does not speak English.
11. Do you know English?
12. How do you start a washing ma
Clarisa